{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2970943217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2019.8803629","title":"A Multi-Scale Conditional Generative Adversarial Network for Face Sketch Synthesis","display_name":"A Multi-Scale Conditional Generative Adversarial Network for Face Sketch Synthesis","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2970943217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2019.8803629","mag":"2970943217"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2019.8803629","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2019.8803629","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013301642","display_name":"Hongbo Bi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2442-330X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921716337","display_name":"Northeast Petroleum University","ror":"https://ror.org/03net5943","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hongbo Bi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeast Petroleum University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeast Petroleum University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100773106","display_name":"Ning Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8491-2733"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921716337","display_name":"Northeast Petroleum University","ror":"https://ror.org/03net5943","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeast Petroleum University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeast Petroleum University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075966394","display_name":"Hua-Ping Guan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111753288","display_name":"Fujian Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/020azk594","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huaping Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fujian Normal University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Normal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103008242","display_name":"Lu Di","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2876-6919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921716337","display_name":"Northeast Petroleum University","ror":"https://ror.org/03net5943","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Di Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeast Petroleum University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeast Petroleum University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101452616","display_name":"Lina Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921716337","display_name":"Northeast Petroleum University","ror":"https://ror.org/03net5943","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lina Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northeast Petroleum University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northeast Petroleum University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013301642"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921716337"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.822,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88694194,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3876","last_page":"3880"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9742000102996826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.776900053024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7030021548271179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.6667972803115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.664865255355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.6281189918518066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5682375431060791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5141708850860596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-adversarial-network","display_name":"Generative adversarial network","score":0.48061221837997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3587614893913269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.17332151532173157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.1510978639125824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.10525575280189514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.776900053024292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7030021548271179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.6667972803115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.664865255355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.6281189918518066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5682375431060791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5141708850860596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988773926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25104379","display_name":"Generative adversarial network","level":3,"score":0.48061221837997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3587614893913269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.17332151532173157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.1510978639125824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.10525575280189514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2019.8803629","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2019.8803629","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W97858523","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1980093854","https://openalex.org/W1985436611","https://openalex.org/W2008076339","https://openalex.org/W2033419168","https://openalex.org/W2034136097","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2117033808","https://openalex.org/W2127877311","https://openalex.org/W2141345255","https://openalex.org/W2141983208","https://openalex.org/W2153288431","https://openalex.org/W2159269332","https://openalex.org/W2304335157","https://openalex.org/W2514262209","https://openalex.org/W2626578807","https://openalex.org/W2795911041","https://openalex.org/W2799839429","https://openalex.org/W2962690307","https://openalex.org/W2962931900","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2963373786","https://openalex.org/W2963420272","https://openalex.org/W2964323748","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W6604030454","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6677516346","https://openalex.org/W6681066893","https://openalex.org/W6681227110","https://openalex.org/W6718379498","https://openalex.org/W6743666183","https://openalex.org/W6749981974"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3156291593","https://openalex.org/W3024390022","https://openalex.org/W4313479464","https://openalex.org/W4316035501","https://openalex.org/W4288111448","https://openalex.org/W2980442517","https://openalex.org/W2901368259","https://openalex.org/W4313041431","https://openalex.org/W4318210285","https://openalex.org/W3185979324"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"investigate":[1],"conditional":[2],"generative":[3],"adversarial":[4],"network":[5],"(cGAN)":[6],"as":[7,51],"a":[8,33,61,95],"solution":[9],"to":[10,36,46,64,99,109,116],"realize":[11],"the":[12,21,25,38,48,53,66,105,111],"face-to-sketch":[13],"translation":[14],"problems.":[15],"These":[16],"networks":[17],"not":[18],"only":[19],"learn":[20],"mapping":[22,39,112],"relationships":[23,40],"between":[24],"face":[26],"and":[27,69,86,92,103],"responding":[28],"sketch,":[29],"but":[30],"also":[31],"generate":[32],"loss":[34,54],"function":[35],"train":[37,110],"automatically.":[41],"This":[42],"makes":[43],"it":[44],"possible":[45],"regard":[47],"transformation":[49],"problems":[50,68],"minimizing":[52],"function.":[55],"In":[56,73],"previous":[57,122],"works,":[58],"cGAN":[59,108],"employs":[60],"single":[62],"scale":[63],"resolve":[65],"above":[67],"lacks":[70],"multi-scale":[71,79,101],"information.":[72],"this":[74],"work,":[75],"considering":[76],"that":[77],"image":[78,83],"representation":[80],"can":[81],"capture":[82],"texture,":[84],"structure":[85],"other":[87],"important":[88],"features":[89],"more":[90],"effectively,":[91],"we":[93],"construct":[94],"three-layer":[96],"pyramid":[97],"model":[98],"obtain":[100],"information,":[102],"employ":[104],"proposed":[106],"multiscale":[107],"relationships.":[113],"With":[114],"respects":[115],"four":[117],"metrics,":[118],"our":[119],"method":[120],"outperforms":[121],"models.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}