{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2970588228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2019.8803409","title":"Disam: Density Independent and Scale Aware Model for Crowd Counting and Localization","display_name":"Disam: Density Independent and Scale Aware Model for Crowd Counting and Localization","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2970588228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2019.8803409","mag":"2970588228"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2019.8803409","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2019.8803409","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2640870","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084254025","display_name":"Sultan Daud Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7406-8441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088963","display_name":"University of Ha'il","ror":"https://ror.org/013w98a82","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sultan Daud Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044793388","display_name":"Habib Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2434-0849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088963","display_name":"University of Ha'il","ror":"https://ror.org/013w98a82","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Habib Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079243583","display_name":"Muhammad Uzair","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5964-4351"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170239107","display_name":"University of South Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/01p93h210","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Uzair","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062997767","display_name":"Mohib Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0222-6340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohib Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101823848","display_name":"Rehan Ullah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156216236","display_name":"Qassim University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wsfe280","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rehan Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qassim University, Buryadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qassim University, Buryadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156216236"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076654527","display_name":"Faouzi Alaya Cheikh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4823-5250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faouzi Alaya Cheikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8365,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93809117,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4474","last_page":"4478"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowds","display_name":"Crowds","score":0.9010422825813293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7987377643585205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6490908861160278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5890879034996033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5357268452644348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5180252194404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4921266436576843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.47138863801956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.452929824590683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.43123775720596313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.4290331304073334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/density-estimation","display_name":"Density estimation","score":0.42161089181900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11961928009986877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.10282161831855774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.09863859415054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.07570895552635193}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777852691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13430821","display_name":"Crowds","level":2,"score":0.9010422825813293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7987377643585205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6490908861160278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5890879034996033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5357268452644348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5180252194404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4921266436576843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.47138863801956177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.452929824590683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.43123775720596313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.4290331304073334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189508267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17088227","display_name":"Density estimation","level":3,"score":0.42161089181900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11961928009986877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.10282161831855774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.09863859415054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07570895552635193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2019.8803409","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2019.8803409","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2640870","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2640870","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"4474-4478","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2640870","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2640870","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"4474-4478","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309480","display_name":"Nvidia","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1680327556","https://openalex.org/W1910776219","https://openalex.org/W2068730032","https://openalex.org/W2123175289","https://openalex.org/W2142194269","https://openalex.org/W2147347568","https://openalex.org/W2161381512","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2183706426","https://openalex.org/W2463631526","https://openalex.org/W2514132609","https://openalex.org/W2741077351","https://openalex.org/W2793254521","https://openalex.org/W2896409332","https://openalex.org/W2907241742","https://openalex.org/W2924114011","https://openalex.org/W2962832028","https://openalex.org/W2963035940","https://openalex.org/W2964203052","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W6637351227","https://openalex.org/W6738166465","https://openalex.org/W6749538987","https://openalex.org/W6785652829"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2337415362","https://openalex.org/W121273120","https://openalex.org/W2740820121","https://openalex.org/W317572212","https://openalex.org/W2002009170","https://openalex.org/W2922421953","https://openalex.org/W2034462085","https://openalex.org/W3002270006","https://openalex.org/W2546871836","https://openalex.org/W4312857205"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"People":[0],"counting":[1,17],"in":[2,12,18,36,69,85,182],"high":[3,19,86],"density":[4,20,87],"crowds":[5,21],"is":[6,73,80],"emerging":[7],"as":[8,26,56,110],"a":[9,45,57,136],"new":[10],"frontier":[11],"crowd":[13],"video":[14],"surveillance.":[15],"Crowd":[16],"encounters":[22],"many":[23],"challenges,":[24],"such":[25],"severe":[27],"occlusions,":[28],"few":[29],"pixels":[30],"per":[31],"head,":[32],"and":[33,49,60,133,163,185],"large":[34],"variations":[35,66],"person's":[37],"head":[38,58,79,118,153],"sizes.":[39],"In":[40,89],"this":[41],"paper,":[42],"we":[43,114],"propose":[44],"novel":[46],"Density":[47],"Independent":[48],"Scale":[50,124],"Aware":[51],"model":[52,72],"(DISAM),":[53],"which":[54,105],"works":[55],"detector":[59],"takes":[61],"into":[62],"account":[63],"the":[64,76,81,131,151,165,175,179],"scale":[65,116,122],"of":[67,140,142],"heads":[68],"images.":[70],"Our":[71,171],"based":[74,102,120],"on":[75,121,159],"intuition":[77],"that":[78,174],"only":[82],"visible":[83],"part":[84],"crowds.":[88],"order":[90],"to":[91,112,130,149],"deal":[92],"with":[93,167],"different":[94],"scales,":[95],"unlike":[96],"off-the-shelf":[97],"Convolutional":[98],"Neural":[99],"Network":[100],"(CNN)":[101],"object":[103,108],"detectors":[104],"use":[106],"general":[107],"proposals":[109,119,126],"inputs":[111],"CNN,":[113],"generate":[115],"aware":[117,125],"map.":[123],"are":[127],"then":[128,145],"fed":[129],"CNN":[132],"it":[134],"renders":[135],"response":[137],"matrix":[138],"consisting":[139],"probabilities":[141],"heads.":[143],"We":[144,155],"explore":[146],"non-maximal":[147],"suppression":[148],"get":[150],"accurate":[152],"positions.":[154],"conduct":[156],"comprehensive":[157],"experiments":[158,172],"two":[160],"benchmark":[161],"datasets":[162],"compare":[164],"performance":[166],"other":[168],"state-of-theart":[169],"methods.":[170],"show":[173],"proposed":[176],"DISAM":[177],"outperforms":[178],"compared":[180],"methods":[181],"both":[183],"frame-level":[184],"pixel-level":[186],"comparisons.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
