{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2807997084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2018.8451318","title":"Best Sources Forward: Domain Generalization through Source-Specific Nets","display_name":"Best Sources Forward: Domain Generalization through Source-Specific Nets","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2807997084","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2018.8451318","mag":"2807997084"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2018.8451318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2018.8451318","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 25th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.05810","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017971549","display_name":"Massimiliano Mancini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8595-9955"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2277624104","display_name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler","ror":"https://ror.org/01j33xk10","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimiliano Mancini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy","Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073916921","display_name":"Samuel Rota Bul\u00f2","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2372-1367"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Rota Bulo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Apillary Research, Graz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Apillary Research, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024757596","display_name":"Barbara Caputo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7169-0158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30771326","display_name":"Italian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042t93s57","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara Caputo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Italy","Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30771326"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065059558","display_name":"Elisa Ricci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0228-1147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2277624104","display_name":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler","ror":"https://ror.org/01j33xk10","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisa Ricci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy","Fondazione Bruno Kessler Trento Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fondazione Bruno Kessler Trento Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2277624104"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0137,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82424897,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1353","last_page":"1357"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9847000241279602,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7387509942054749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6961124539375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6542600989341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.6067335605621338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6041347980499268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-adaptation","display_name":"Domain adaptation","score":0.5441731810569763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.539859414100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.5314765572547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-data","display_name":"Test data","score":0.5239241719245911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.48577621579170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","score":0.47856050729751587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3734740614891052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.33304253220558167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13692408800125122}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7387509942054749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6961124539375305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6542600989341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.6067335605621338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6041347980499268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776434776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19246213","display_name":"Domain adaptation","level":3,"score":0.5441731810569763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.539859414100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5314765572547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16910744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705759","display_name":"Test data","level":2,"score":0.5239241719245911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.48577621579170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.47856050729751587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3734740614891052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33304253220558167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13692408800125122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2018.8451318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2018.8451318","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 25th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1806.05810","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1806.05810","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.05810","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2807997084","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://export.arxiv.org/pdf/1806.05810","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/1189853","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1189853","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/225598","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11572/225598","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1806.05810","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1806.05810","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1806.05810","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1806.05810","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1806.05810","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3914533141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"860375","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323031","funder_display_name":"\u00d6sterreichische Forschungsf\u00f6rderungsgesellschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323031","display_name":"\u00d6sterreichische Forschungsf\u00f6rderungsgesellschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/028jc0449"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96659543","https://openalex.org/W1852255964","https://openalex.org/W1855679610","https://openalex.org/W1920962657","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2155541015","https://openalex.org/W2155893237","https://openalex.org/W2605346601","https://openalex.org/W2607512710","https://openalex.org/W2614424296","https://openalex.org/W2756202949","https://openalex.org/W2763549966","https://openalex.org/W2790149178","https://openalex.org/W2792501240","https://openalex.org/W2799084346","https://openalex.org/W2949436635","https://openalex.org/W2950094539","https://openalex.org/W2953039697","https://openalex.org/W2963043696","https://openalex.org/W2963118547","https://openalex.org/W2963826681","https://openalex.org/W6603928670","https://openalex.org/W6639105354","https://openalex.org/W6639129899","https://openalex.org/W6639480849","https://openalex.org/W6682778277","https://openalex.org/W6683124652","https://openalex.org/W6736916240","https://openalex.org/W6738097681","https://openalex.org/W6745134051","https://openalex.org/W6748994005","https://openalex.org/W6750413969"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3087056222","https://openalex.org/W3194969075","https://openalex.org/W3112920744","https://openalex.org/W2950635901","https://openalex.org/W3193969511","https://openalex.org/W3039080100","https://openalex.org/W3201612537","https://openalex.org/W3113622011","https://openalex.org/W3145456595","https://openalex.org/W2565956940","https://openalex.org/W2971510474","https://openalex.org/W2226131292","https://openalex.org/W3148375253","https://openalex.org/W2906405631","https://openalex.org/W2962785319","https://openalex.org/W2788305286","https://openalex.org/W3163817609","https://openalex.org/W2798658180","https://openalex.org/W2335192802","https://openalex.org/W3034210724"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"long":[1],"standing":[2],"problem":[3,20],"in":[4],"visual":[5],"object":[6],"categorization":[7],"is":[8,65,86],"the":[9,29,33,38,59,87,125,142,148,162,171],"ability":[10,150],"of":[11,89,151,173],"algorithms":[12],"to":[13,50,67,74,116,132,139],"generalize":[14],"across":[15],"different":[16],"testing":[17],"conditions.":[18],"The":[19],"has":[21],"been":[22,48],"formalized":[23],"as":[24],"a":[25,107,117,128,157],"covariate":[26],"shift":[27],"among":[28],"probability":[30],"distributions":[31],"generating":[32],"training":[34],"data":[35,40],"(source)":[36],"and":[37,42,71,136],"test":[39,121],"(target)":[41],"several":[43],"domain":[44,99,135,158],"adaptation":[45,73],"methods":[46,96],"have":[47,57,68],"proposed":[49],"address":[51],"this":[52],"issue.":[53],"While":[54],"these":[55],"approaches":[56],"considered":[58],"single":[60],"source-single":[61],"target":[62,77,129],"scenario,":[63,81],"it":[64],"plausible":[66],"multiple":[69,111],"sources":[70],"require":[72],"any":[75],"possible":[76],"domain.":[78,119],"This":[79],"last":[80],"named":[82],"Domain":[83],"Generalization":[84],"(DG),":[85],"focus":[88],"our":[90,152,174],"work.":[91],"Differently":[92],"from":[93,102],"previous":[94],"DG":[95],"which":[97],"learn":[98],"invariant":[100],"representations":[101],"source":[103,118,134],"data,":[104],"we":[105,123,154],"design":[106],"deep":[108],"network":[109],"with":[110],"domain-specific":[112],"classifiers,":[113],"each":[114,133],"associated":[115],"At":[120],"time":[122],"estimate":[124],"probabilities":[126],"that":[127],"sample":[130],"belongs":[131],"exploit":[137],"them":[138],"optimally":[140],"fuse":[141],"classifiers":[143],"predictions.":[144],"To":[145],"further":[146],"improve":[147],"generalization":[149],"model,":[153],"also":[155],"introduced":[156],"agnostic":[159],"component":[160],"supporting":[161],"final":[163],"classifier.":[164],"Experiments":[165],"on":[166],"two":[167],"public":[168],"benchmarks":[169],"demonstrate":[170],"power":[172],"approach.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-14T07:44:22.658603","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}