{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2792923920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2017.8296799","title":"Cascade support vector regression-based facial expression-aware face frontalization","display_name":"Cascade support vector regression-based facial expression-aware face frontalization","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2792923920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2017.8296799","mag":"2792923920"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2017.8296799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2017.8296799","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/ws/files/8013201/FaceFrontalization.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100377932","display_name":"Yiming Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4390-5796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","display_name":"University of Portsmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/03ykbk197","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006580423","display_name":"Hui Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7655-9228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","display_name":"University of Portsmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/03ykbk197","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Creative Technologies, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Creative Technologies, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029633264","display_name":"Junyu Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7012-2087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59028903","display_name":"Ocean University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04rdtx186","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyu Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59028903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082075648","display_name":"Muwei Jian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4249-2264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59483232","display_name":"Shandong University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2nnq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59483232"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muwei Jian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59483232"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085867312","display_name":"Honghai Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2880-4698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","display_name":"University of Portsmouth","ror":"https://ror.org/03ykbk197","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Honghai Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100377932"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5543,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77340531,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":null,"first_page":"2831","last_page":"2835"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7513726353645325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7082763910293579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.7037210464477539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.6719599366188049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6554874181747437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.6522152423858643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6469186544418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascade","display_name":"Cascade","score":0.6438236832618713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regression","display_name":"Regression","score":0.5874913334846497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-appearance-model","display_name":"Active appearance model","score":0.44242098927497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.44189149141311646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.43588489294052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.4332464933395386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-hallucination","display_name":"Face hallucination","score":0.4292513132095337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2939831614494324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.2396608293056488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21215388178825378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08637988567352295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7513726353645325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7082763910293579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.7037210464477539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6719599366188049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6554874181747437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.6522152423858643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6469186544418335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34146451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048094","display_name":"Cascade","level":2,"score":0.6438236832618713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83546350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139051","display_name":"Regression","level":2,"score":0.5874913334846497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83248878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344000","display_name":"Active appearance model","level":3,"score":0.44242098927497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.44189149141311646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.43588489294052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.4332464933395386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54654163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428359","display_name":"Face hallucination","level":5,"score":0.4292513132095337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2939831614494324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.2396608293056488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21215388178825378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08637988567352295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2017.8296799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2017.8296799","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchportal.port.ac.uk:publications/b6a47636-13b3-4657-b7df-ad7193296817","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/cascade-support-vector-regressionbased-facial-expressionaware-face-frontalization(b6a47636-13b3-4657-b7df-ad7193296817).html","pdf_url":"https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/ws/files/8013201/FaceFrontalization.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401774","display_name":"Portsmouth Research Portal (University of Portsmouth)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","host_organization_name":"University of Portsmouth","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:researchportal.port.ac.uk:publications/b6a47636-13b3-4657-b7df-ad7193296817","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/cascade-support-vector-regressionbased-facial-expressionaware-face-frontalization(b6a47636-13b3-4657-b7df-ad7193296817).html","pdf_url":"https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/ws/files/8013201/FaceFrontalization.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401774","display_name":"Portsmouth Research Portal (University of Portsmouth)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63072094","host_organization_name":"University of Portsmouth","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63072094"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5924810831","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/N025849/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2792923920.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W114444734","https://openalex.org/W1488147239","https://openalex.org/W1567532702","https://openalex.org/W1916406603","https://openalex.org/W1940113235","https://openalex.org/W1976512378","https://openalex.org/W1986803802","https://openalex.org/W2000820603","https://openalex.org/W2082045173","https://openalex.org/W2082308025","https://openalex.org/W2083021723","https://openalex.org/W2104563967","https://openalex.org/W2129106196","https://openalex.org/W2136889813","https://openalex.org/W2138206939","https://openalex.org/W2157285372","https://openalex.org/W2217448953","https://openalex.org/W2395639500","https://openalex.org/W2474575620","https://openalex.org/W2523270796","https://openalex.org/W6629069941","https://openalex.org/W6650590054","https://openalex.org/W6671506772","https://openalex.org/W6727070495"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W325114128","https://openalex.org/W2024640171","https://openalex.org/W4220850864","https://openalex.org/W63491089","https://openalex.org/W4283639758","https://openalex.org/W4246863173","https://openalex.org/W2116055069","https://openalex.org/W4390269781","https://openalex.org/W2810769215","https://openalex.org/W1996076863"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,83,134,146],"main":[1],"aim":[2],"of":[3,55,153,157],"face":[4,67],"frontalization":[5,32,68],"is":[6,23,87,99,105],"to":[7,18,42,89,107],"synthesize":[8],"the":[9,20,31,73,91,96,112,115],"frontal":[10,21,46,81,117],"facial":[11,15,47,65,119,143,161],"appearances":[12,120],"from":[13],"non-frontal":[14,77],"images.":[16],"How":[17],"estimate":[19],"face-shape":[22,78],"a":[24,38,53,63,124,130,141],"crucial":[25],"but":[26],"very":[27],"challenging":[28],"problem":[29],"in":[30,44,52],"task.":[33],"Most":[34],"existing":[35],"methods":[36],"use":[37],"single":[39],"shape":[40],"template":[41],"fit":[43],"with":[45],"appearances,":[48],"which":[49,70],"will":[50],"result":[51],"loss":[54],"expression-related":[56],"information.":[57],"In":[58],"this":[59],"work,":[60],"we":[61],"present":[62],"novel":[64],"expression-aware":[66],"method":[69,136],"directly":[71],"learns":[72],"pair-wise":[74,92,97],"relations":[75],"between":[76],"and":[79,110,160],"its":[80],"counterpart.":[82],"support":[84],"vector":[85],"regression":[86,93],"explored":[88],"train":[90],"model.":[94,113],"Considered":[95],"relationship":[98],"non-linear,":[100],"an":[101,150],"appropriate":[102],"cascade":[103],"manner":[104],"applied":[106],"iteratively":[108],"adjust":[109],"optimize":[111],"With":[114],"estimated":[116],"shape,":[118],"are":[121],"synthesized":[122],"through":[123],"texture-fitting":[125],"process":[126],"formulated":[127],"by":[128],"solving":[129],"simple":[131],"optimization":[132],"problem.":[133],"proposed":[135],"has":[137],"been":[138],"evaluated":[139],"on":[140],"in-the-wild":[142],"expression":[144,158,162],"database.":[145],"experimental":[147],"results":[148],"shows":[149],"outstanding":[151],"performance":[152],"both":[154],"visual":[155],"effects":[156],"recovery":[159],"recognition.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-11T14:59:36.786465","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}