{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2295777492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2015.7351449","title":"Instantaneous real-time head pose at a distance","display_name":"Instantaneous real-time head pose at a distance","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2295777492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2015.7351449","mag":"2295777492"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2015.7351449","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2015.7351449","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008602616","display_name":"Sankha Mukherjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9094-0538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32062511","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mghma93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sankha S. Mukherjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Visionlab, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Visionlab, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033624412","display_name":"Rolf H. Baxter","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32062511","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mghma93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rolf H. Baxter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Visionlab, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Visionlab, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102909686","display_name":"Neil M. Robertson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2461-8799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32062511","display_name":"Heriot-Watt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mghma93","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neil M. Robertson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Visionlab, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Visionlab, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008602616"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32062511"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15830788,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8694","issue":null,"first_page":"3471","last_page":"3475"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9742000102996826,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7820736765861511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7520607709884644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.6866296529769897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.6801856756210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.6732088923454285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pose","display_name":"Pose","score":0.6520270109176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5937786102294922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-head","display_name":"Human head","score":0.5823989510536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-capture","display_name":"Motion capture","score":0.5518831610679626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/head","display_name":"Head (geology)","score":0.528021514415741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion","display_name":"Motion (physics)","score":0.42450493574142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4159952402114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.402099072933197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7820736765861511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7520607709884644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.6866296529769897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.6801856756210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.6732088923454285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52102323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671968","display_name":"Pose","level":2,"score":0.6520270109176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5937786102294922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780549717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409626","display_name":"Human head","level":3,"score":0.5823989510536194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48007421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676252","display_name":"Motion capture","level":3,"score":0.5518831610679626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780312720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5689100","display_name":"Head (geology)","level":2,"score":0.528021514415741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.42450493574142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4159952402114868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.402099072933197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2015.7351449","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2015.7351449","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.qub.ac.uk/portal:publications/4903c101-cba3-421b-b660-da13775a6a59","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/4903c101-cba3-421b-b660-da13775a6a59","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402319","display_name":"Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","host_organization_name":"Queen's University Belfast","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Mukherjee , S S , Baxter , R & Robertson , N 2015 , Instantaneous real-time head pose at a distance . in 2015 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) . Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , pp. 3471-3475 . https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIP.2015.7351449","raw_type":"bookPart"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6899999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8726282573","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/K014277/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W149902725","https://openalex.org/W1598707800","https://openalex.org/W1695174432","https://openalex.org/W1782590233","https://openalex.org/W1896424170","https://openalex.org/W1984370993","https://openalex.org/W2010985691","https://openalex.org/W2025758641","https://openalex.org/W2047875689","https://openalex.org/W2054814877","https://openalex.org/W2061773916","https://openalex.org/W2066118925","https://openalex.org/W2075768228","https://openalex.org/W2092535060","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2101131351","https://openalex.org/W2102257894","https://openalex.org/W2136922672","https://openalex.org/W2145808141","https://openalex.org/W2160815625","https://openalex.org/W2237250383","https://openalex.org/W2950179405","https://openalex.org/W6606045220","https://openalex.org/W6636026134","https://openalex.org/W6674914833"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2965546495","https://openalex.org/W4389116644","https://openalex.org/W2153315159","https://openalex.org/W3103844505","https://openalex.org/W259157601","https://openalex.org/W4205463238","https://openalex.org/W2761785940","https://openalex.org/W4294967731","https://openalex.org/W2022566595","https://openalex.org/W2005372642"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,106],"paper":[2],"we":[3,35,77,96],"focus":[4],"on":[5,47,100],"robust,":[6],"real-time":[7,123],"human":[8,48],"head":[9,49,92,112,116],"pose":[10,93,113],"estimation":[11],"in":[12,30,118],"low":[13],"resolution":[14],"RGB":[15],"data":[16,50,55,62],"without":[17],"any":[18],"smoothing":[19],"motion":[20],"priors":[21],"e.g.":[22],"direction":[23],"of":[24,54,73],"motion.":[25],"Our":[26,109],"main":[27],"contributions":[28],"lie":[29],"three":[31],"major":[32],"areas.":[33],"First,":[34],"show":[36],"that":[37,63],"a":[38,115],"generative":[39],"Deep":[40],"Belief":[41],"Network":[42],"model":[43,90],"can":[44],"be":[45],"learned":[46],"from":[51],"multiple":[52,82],"types":[53],"sources.":[56],"These":[57],"sources":[58],"have":[59,69],"similar":[60],"underlying":[61],"are":[64],"not":[65],"necessarily":[66],"labelled":[67],"or":[68],"the":[70,89],"same":[71],"kind":[72],"ground":[74],"truth.":[75],"Second,":[76],"perform":[78],"discriminative":[79],"training":[80],"using":[81,105],"disparate":[83],"supervisory":[84],"labels":[85],"to":[86],"fine":[87],"tune":[88],"for":[91,114],"estimation.":[94],"Third,":[95],"present":[97],"state-of-the-art":[98],"results":[99],"two":[101],"publicly":[102],"available":[103],"datasets":[104],"new":[107],"approach.":[108],"implementation":[110],"computes":[111],"image":[117],"0.8":[119],"milliseconds,":[120],"making":[121],"it":[122],"and":[124],"highly":[125],"scalable.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}