{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2147068385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2009.5413486","title":"Skin and non-skin probability approximation based on discriminative tree distribution","display_name":"Skin and non-skin probability approximation based on discriminative tree distribution","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2147068385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2009.5413486","mag":"2147068385"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2009.5413486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2009.5413486","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 16th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073155664","display_name":"Sanaa El Fkihi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5255-4406"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126477371","display_name":"Mohammed V University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. El Fkihi","raw_affiliation_strings":["LRIT unit\u00e9 associ\u00e9e au CNRST, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University of Agdal, Rabat, Morocco","LRIT unit\u00e9 associ\u00e9e au CNRST, Faculty of Sciences, MohammedV University-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LRIT unit\u00e9 associ\u00e9e au CNRST, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University of Agdal, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LRIT unit\u00e9 associ\u00e9e au CNRST, Faculty of Sciences, MohammedV University-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017977139","display_name":"Mohamed Daoudi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4219-7860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205703379","display_name":"Institut Mines-T\u00e9l\u00e9com","ror":"https://ror.org/025vp2923","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Daoudi","raw_affiliation_strings":["TELECOM LilleLIFL UMR, Institut TELECOM, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France","Institut TELECOM, TELECOM Lille1 LIFL UMR 8022, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TELECOM LilleLIFL UMR, Institut TELECOM, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut TELECOM, TELECOM Lille1 LIFL UMR 8022, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112238886","display_name":"Driss Aboutajdine","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205703379","display_name":"Institut Mines-T\u00e9l\u00e9com","ror":"https://ror.org/025vp2923","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126477371","display_name":"Mohammed V University","ror":"https://ror.org/00r8w8f84","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]}],"countries":["FR","MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Aboutajdine","raw_affiliation_strings":["TELECOM LilleLIFL UMR, Institut TELECOM, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France","LRIT unit\u00e9 associ\u00e9e au CNRST, Faculty of Sciences, MohammedV University-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TELECOM LilleLIFL UMR, Institut TELECOM, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205703379"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LRIT unit\u00e9 associ\u00e9e au CNRST, Faculty of Sciences, MohammedV University-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073155664"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126477371"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9707,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79381655,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":null,"first_page":"2377","last_page":"2380"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.9729999899864197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.972000002861023,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.8729486465454102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-probability-distribution","display_name":"Joint probability distribution","score":0.5939618945121765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.5821806788444519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5596045255661011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5141806602478027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44366490840911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.43947601318359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-distribution","display_name":"Probability distribution","score":0.42823129892349243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3573305308818817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3307288885116577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.23328614234924316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.8729486465454102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18653775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333358","display_name":"Joint probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.5939618945121765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.5821806788444519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5596045255661011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5141806602478027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44366490840911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.43947601318359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149441793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200726","display_name":"Probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.42823129892349243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3573305308818817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3307288885116577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.23328614234924316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2009.5413486","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2009.5413486","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 16th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1582245187","https://openalex.org/W1964721292","https://openalex.org/W1965680834","https://openalex.org/W2061824956","https://openalex.org/W2073105997","https://openalex.org/W2078088780","https://openalex.org/W2110685702","https://openalex.org/W2143413293","https://openalex.org/W2153746365","https://openalex.org/W2159080219","https://openalex.org/W2163166770","https://openalex.org/W4255306344","https://openalex.org/W4256374187"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487808658","https://openalex.org/W1987264987","https://openalex.org/W2951801950","https://openalex.org/W4297670780","https://openalex.org/W1482189126","https://openalex.org/W2122857041","https://openalex.org/W1539131693","https://openalex.org/W3102821031","https://openalex.org/W2361764490","https://openalex.org/W2155079033"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"investigate":[1],"the":[2,20,31,39,49,52,63,67,98,103,106,111,126,134],"probability":[3],"tree":[4,34,43,72],"models":[5,13],"to":[6],"approximate":[7],"skin":[8,21,69],"and":[9,47,51,114],"non-skin":[10,71],"distributions.":[11,121],"These":[12],"have":[14],"presented":[15],"good":[16],"results":[17,123],"in":[18],"solving":[19],"detection":[22],"problem.":[23],"However,":[24],"there":[25],"are":[26,57],"two":[27,115],"main":[28],"disadvantages":[29],"of":[30,41,55,105],"existing":[32,68],"skin/non-skin":[33,56,95],"distributions":[35,44],"based":[36,83,117],"models:":[37],"(1)":[38],"structure":[40],"some":[42],"is":[45,129],"predefined;":[46],"(2)":[48],"inter":[50],"intra":[53],"classes":[54],"not":[58],"taken":[59],"into":[60],"account":[61],"at":[62],"same":[64],"time":[65],"by":[66,92],"and/or":[70],"models.":[73],"To":[74],"overcome":[75],"these":[76],"drawbacks,":[77],"we":[78,101],"propose":[79],"a":[80,93,130],"new":[81,127],"classifier":[82],"on":[84,118],"an":[85],"image":[86],"patch":[87],"joint":[88],"distribution":[89],"approximation":[90],"modelled":[91],"discriminative":[94],"tree.":[96],"On":[97],"Compaq":[99],"database,":[100],"examine":[102],"performances":[104],"proposed":[107],"approach":[108,128],"compared":[109],"with":[110],"baseline":[112],"model":[113],"others":[116],"dependency":[119],"tree's":[120],"Experimental":[122],"show":[124],"that":[125],"significant":[131],"improvement":[132],"over":[133],"others.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
