{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124241904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2008.4711889","title":"Face tracking using Rao-Blackwellized particle filter and pose-dependent probabilistic PCA","display_name":"Face tracking using Rao-Blackwellized particle filter and pose-dependent probabilistic PCA","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124241904","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2008.4711889","mag":"2124241904"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2008.4711889","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2008.4711889","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 15th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034987896","display_name":"Tiesheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7587-7681"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiesheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of IPPR, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China","Inst. of IPPR, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ., Shanghai"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of IPPR, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of IPPR, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ., Shanghai","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044267089","display_name":"Irene Yu\u2010Hua Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4759-7038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irene Y.H. Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden","Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, G\u00f6teborg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, G\u00f6teborg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109874595","display_name":"Andrew Backhouse","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Backhouse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden","Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, G\u00f6teborg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signals and Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, G\u00f6teborg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101997579","display_name":"Pengfei Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2966-1676"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengfei Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of IPPR, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China","Inst. of IPPR, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ., Shanghai"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of IPPR, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of IPPR, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ., Shanghai","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"853","last_page":"856"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9898999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9767000079154968,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-filter","display_name":"Particle filter","score":0.8308386206626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7462266087532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pose","display_name":"Pose","score":0.660918653011322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6340044140815735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5997644662857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5846322774887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-vector","display_name":"State vector","score":0.5397414565086365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5133330225944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5105894207954407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4947440028190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-pose-estimation","display_name":"3D pose estimation","score":0.48038870096206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.4794260859489441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-motion-capture","display_name":"Facial motion capture","score":0.43711498379707336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/articulated-body-pose-estimation","display_name":"Articulated body pose estimation","score":0.431406170129776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.4134480357170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3879912495613098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.3050178289413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.3004103899002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07561242580413818}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52421305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151499","display_name":"Particle filter","level":3,"score":0.8308386206626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7462266087532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52102323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671968","display_name":"Pose","level":2,"score":0.660918653011322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6340044140815735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5997644662857056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5846322774887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777798563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7603916","display_name":"State vector","level":2,"score":0.5397414565086365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5133330225944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5105894207954407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4947440028190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36613465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636322","display_name":"3D pose estimation","level":3,"score":0.48038870096206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.4794260859489441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98907195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428562","display_name":"Facial motion capture","level":5,"score":0.43711498379707336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22100474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4800952","display_name":"Articulated body pose estimation","level":4,"score":0.431406170129776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.4134480357170105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3879912495613098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.3050178289413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.3004103899002075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07561242580413818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2008.4711889","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2008.4711889","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 15th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.lib.chalmers.se:70558","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/publication/70558-face-tracking-using-rao-blackwellized-particle-filter-and-pose-dependent-probabilistic-pca","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196470","display_name":"Chalmers Publication Library (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text.Article.Conference.PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:70558","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/70558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101488078","https://openalex.org/W2125027820","https://openalex.org/W2136691545","https://openalex.org/W2136779477","https://openalex.org/W2140553492","https://openalex.org/W2143162151","https://openalex.org/W2149020252","https://openalex.org/W2157771876","https://openalex.org/W2161406034","https://openalex.org/W2753461371","https://openalex.org/W6680382268","https://openalex.org/W6681026066","https://openalex.org/W6683382984","https://openalex.org/W6763868703"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2946083937","https://openalex.org/W2088028039","https://openalex.org/W2798721181","https://openalex.org/W1968783203","https://openalex.org/W2951583186","https://openalex.org/W4299867837","https://openalex.org/W4382141741","https://openalex.org/W4386075737","https://openalex.org/W4285662725","https://openalex.org/W2574567538"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,116],"paper":[1],"deals":[2],"with":[3,19,77,173],"tracking":[4,15,29,159],"of":[5,40,45,94,121,169],"face":[6,20,53,95,141],"blobs":[7,96],"containing":[8,139],"pose":[9,21,67,78,100,142,170],"changes.":[10],"We":[11],"propose":[12],"a":[13,46,49,65,111,118],"novel":[14],"method":[16,133],"to":[17,36,64,85,104,163,166],"deal":[18],"changes":[22,143,171],"during":[23],"the":[24,27,37,41,87,98,122,128],"tracking.":[25],"In":[26],"method,":[28],"is":[30,83],"formulated":[31],"as":[32,80],"an":[33],"approximate":[34],"solution":[35],"MAP":[38],"estimate":[39],"state":[42,124],"vector,":[43],"consisting":[44],"linear":[47,59,123],"and":[48,68,92,97,107,144,172],"nonlinear":[50],"part.":[51],"Multi-pose":[52],"appearances":[54],"are":[55,102,108,161],"described":[56],"by":[57,70,110],"local":[58],"models,":[60],"each":[61],"being":[62],"related":[63],"single":[66],"estimated":[69,109],"probabilistic":[71],"PCA":[72],"(PPCA).":[73],"A":[74],"Markov":[75],"model":[76,86],"indices":[79,101],"its":[81],"states":[82],"used":[84],"transitions":[88],"between":[89],"poses.":[90],"Shape":[91],"locations":[93],"associated":[99],"assumed":[103],"be":[105,164],"nonlinear,":[106],"Rao-Blackwellized":[112],"particle":[113],"filter":[114],"(RBPF).":[115],"enables":[117],"separate":[119],"estimation":[120],"vector":[125],"through":[126],"marginalizing":[127],"joint":[129],"probability.":[130],"The":[131,158],"proposed":[132],"has":[134],"been":[135],"tested":[136],"for":[137],"videos":[138],"frequent":[140],"large":[145],"illumination":[146],"variations,":[147],"where":[148],"5":[149],"poses":[150],"(left,":[151],"frontal,":[152],"right,":[153],"up,":[154],"down)":[155],"were":[156],"modeled.":[157],"results":[160],"shown":[162],"robust":[165],"variable":[167],"speed":[168],"relatively":[174],"tight":[175],"boxes.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}