{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2141035157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2005.1530435","title":"Gradation approximation for vector based compression of comic images","display_name":"Gradation approximation for vector based compression of comic images","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2141035157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2005.1530435","mag":"2141035157"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2005.1530435","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2005.1530435","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://waseda.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/27640","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102863310","display_name":"K. Kawamura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9729-4492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Kawamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Global Information and Telecommunication Studies, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan","Graduate Sch. of Global Information & Telecommun. Studies, Waseda Univ., Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Global Information and Telecommunication Studies, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Sch. of Global Information & Telecommun. Studies, Waseda Univ., Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042519080","display_name":"Yuki Yamamoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4132-1236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y. Yamamoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Global Information and Telecommunication Studies, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan","Graduate Sch. of Global Information & Telecommun. Studies, Waseda Univ., Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Global Information and Telecommunication Studies, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Sch. of Global Information & Telecommun. Studies, Waseda Univ., Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025914451","display_name":"Hiroshi Watanabe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-3015"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","display_name":"Waseda University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ntfnx83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Watanabe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Global Information and Telecommunication Studies, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan","Graduate Sch. of Global Information & Telecommun. Studies, Waseda Univ., Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Global Information and Telecommunication Studies, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Sch. of Global Information & Telecommun. Studies, Waseda Univ., Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3781,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7368802,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"III","last_page":"489"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/halftone","display_name":"Halftone","score":0.9912506341934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradation","display_name":"Gradation","score":0.8340480327606201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6003526449203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5864011645317078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5806081891059875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moir\u00e9-pattern","display_name":"Moir\u00e9 pattern","score":0.5514430403709412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dilation","display_name":"Dilation (metric space)","score":0.5339202880859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.46554622054100037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.46229642629623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3103315830230713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.30147695541381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.1452590525150299}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777635815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1110021","display_name":"Halftone","level":3,"score":0.9912506341934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29314403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15637103","display_name":"Gradation","level":2,"score":0.8340480327606201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6003526449203491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5864011645317078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5806081891059875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70000540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26468","display_name":"Moir\u00e9 pattern","level":2,"score":0.5514430403709412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780757906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276676","display_name":"Dilation (metric space)","level":2,"score":0.5339202880859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.46554622054100037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.46229642629623413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3103315830230713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30147695541381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.1452590525150299}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2005.1530435","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2005.1530435","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.489.8522","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.489.8522","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://dspace.wul.waseda.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2065/10752/1/C2-3-041.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.518.2067","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.518.2067","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ams.giti.waseda.ac.jp/pdf-files/2005ICIP_kawamura.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:00835:0002075472","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://waseda.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/27640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Image Processing, 2005. ICIP 2005. IEEE International Conference on","raw_type":"conference paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:waseda.repo.nii.ac.jp:00027640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2065/10752","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196531","display_name":"Waseda University Repository (Waseda University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I150744194","host_organization_name":"Waseda University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150744194"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"VoR"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:00835:0002075472","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://waseda.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/27640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407056385","display_name":"Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184597095","host_organization_name":"National Institute of Informatics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184597095"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Image Processing, 2005. ICIP 2005. IEEE International Conference on","raw_type":"conference paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1706701863","https://openalex.org/W2048325874","https://openalex.org/W2115509790","https://openalex.org/W2116657533","https://openalex.org/W2139640198","https://openalex.org/W2150044679","https://openalex.org/W2155719015"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2354008177","https://openalex.org/W96325096","https://openalex.org/W1974139717","https://openalex.org/W2021479660","https://openalex.org/W1990603863","https://openalex.org/W1992710232","https://openalex.org/W2460220942","https://openalex.org/W2029891644","https://openalex.org/W3022201711","https://openalex.org/W2084293898"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"a":[5],"method":[6,15,31,102,114],"to":[7],"vectorize":[8],"comic":[9],"images":[10,25],"including":[11],"halftone":[12,35,60,69,82],"dots.":[13],"Our":[14],"can":[16],"prevent":[17],"the":[18,24,43,64,78,112],"jaggy":[19],"and":[20,28,40,49,54,74,84,89],"moire":[21],"phenomena":[22],"when":[23],"are":[26,57,70,87],"enlarged":[27],"shrank.":[29],"The":[30,94],"contains":[32],"three":[33],"modules:":[34],"dots":[36,61],"separation,":[37],"gradation":[38,75],"approximation,":[39],"vectorization.":[41],"At":[42,63,77],"first":[44],"module,":[45,66,80],"small":[46],"isolated":[47],"areas":[48,51,67,83],"altered":[50],"by":[52,72,91,100,117],"dilation":[53],"erosion":[55],"operations":[56],"separated":[58],"into":[59],"images.":[62],"second":[65],"of":[68,96,111],"approximated":[71,90],"contours":[73],"parameters.":[76],"last":[79],"both":[81],"line":[85],"drawings":[86],"vectorized":[88],"smooth":[92],"contours.":[93],"size":[95],"compressed":[97],"file":[98],"produced":[99],"our":[101],"is":[103,115],"equal":[104],"or":[105],"smaller":[106],"than":[107],"JBIG":[108],"compression.":[109],"Validity":[110],"proposed":[113],"confirmed":[116],"experimental":[118],"results.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
