{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2101708140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2005.1530308","title":"Variable module graphs: a framework for inference and learning in modular vision systems","display_name":"Variable module graphs: a framework for inference and learning in modular vision systems","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2101708140","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2005.1530308","mag":"2101708140"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2005.1530308","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2005.1530308","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087629613","display_name":"Amit Sethi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8634-1804"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Sethi","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECE Department, University of Illinois, Champaign, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Univ., Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, University of Illinois, Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Univ., Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003804689","display_name":"Mandar Rahurkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9399-4881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Rahurkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECE Department, University of Illinois, Champaign, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Univ., Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, University of Illinois, Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Univ., Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101457342","display_name":"Thomas S. Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8474-5859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.S. Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECE Department, University of Illinois, Champaign, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Univ., Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, University of Illinois, Champaign, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Illinois Univ., Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"II","last_page":"1326"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9682999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9603000283241272,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-model","display_name":"Graphical model","score":0.8145943880081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7849137783050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.7557521462440491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6992576122283936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factor-graph","display_name":"Factor graph","score":0.6212875843048096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5720395445823669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5710998177528381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48467448353767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4812171757221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4571809768676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-elimination","display_name":"Variable elimination","score":0.4208994507789612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4125063419342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.38684555888175964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.22746598720550537}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155846161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143367","display_name":"Graphical model","level":2,"score":0.8145943880081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7849137783050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.7557521462440491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6992576122283936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159246509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428725","display_name":"Factor graph","level":3,"score":0.6212875843048096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5720395445823669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5710998177528381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48467448353767395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4812171757221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4571809768676758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169272836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5668307","display_name":"Variable elimination","level":3,"score":0.4208994507789612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4125063419342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.38684555888175964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.22746598720550537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2005.1530308","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2005.1530308","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 2005","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.335.2743","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.335.2743","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ifp.illinois.edu/~rahurkar/papers/icip05.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1568586930","https://openalex.org/W1801737117","https://openalex.org/W1993845689","https://openalex.org/W2102625004","https://openalex.org/W2110671801","https://openalex.org/W2115213191","https://openalex.org/W2119885245","https://openalex.org/W2135265773","https://openalex.org/W2137813581","https://openalex.org/W2161406034","https://openalex.org/W6676243939","https://openalex.org/W6678304783"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2155154734","https://openalex.org/W3096727215","https://openalex.org/W2955135267","https://openalex.org/W2950591710","https://openalex.org/W1480311453","https://openalex.org/W2582515281","https://openalex.org/W2776613281","https://openalex.org/W2373988360","https://openalex.org/W4368755698","https://openalex.org/W3180766726"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,94],"present":[1],"a":[2,38,78,100,109,116],"novel":[3],"and":[4,44,72],"intuitive":[5],"framework":[6,27,60,106],"for":[7,12,115,124],"building":[8,99],"modular":[9],"vision":[10,102],"systems":[11],"complex":[13,101],"tasks":[14],"such":[15],"as":[16],"surveillance":[17,118],"applications.":[18],"Inspired":[19],"by":[20,68,107],"graphical":[21,57],"models,":[22],"especially":[23],"factor":[24],"graphs,":[25],"the":[26,30,54,59,96,125],"allows":[28,61,83],"capturing":[29],"dependencies":[31],"between":[32,48],"different":[33,49,70],"variables":[34],"in":[35,65,77],"form":[36],"of":[37,46,63,86,98],"graph.":[39],"This":[40],"enforces":[41],"principled":[42],"coordination":[43],"exchange":[45],"information":[47],"modules.":[50],"Breaking":[51],"away":[52],"from":[53],"traditional":[55],"probabilistic":[56],"models":[58],"flexibility":[62],"design":[64],"individual":[66],"modules":[67,88],"allowing":[69],"learning":[71],"inference":[73],"mechanisms":[74],"to":[75],"work":[76],"common":[79],"setting.":[80],"It":[81],"also":[82],"easy":[84],"integration":[85],"more":[87],"into":[89],"an":[90],"already":[91],"functional":[92],"system.":[93],"demonstrate":[95],"ease":[97],"system":[103,114],"within":[104],"this":[105],"designing":[108],"fully":[110],"automatic":[111],"multi-target":[112],"tracking":[113,126],"video":[117],"scenario.":[119],"Favorable":[120],"results":[121],"are":[122],"obtained":[123],"application.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}