{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2104666850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2004.1419467","title":"Contrast enhancement of radiograph images based on local heterogeneity measures","display_name":"Contrast enhancement of radiograph images based on local heterogeneity measures","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-04-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2104666850","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2004.1419467","mag":"2104666850"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2004.1419467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2004.1419467","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 International Conference on Image Processing, 2004. ICIP '04.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066312936","display_name":"I. El-Feghi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","display_name":"University of Windsor","ror":"https://ror.org/01gw3d370","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"I. El-Feghi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada","Windsor Univ., Ont., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Windsor Univ., Ont., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002445658","display_name":"Songtao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7531-6144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","display_name":"University of Windsor","ror":"https://ror.org/01gw3d370","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada","Windsor Univ., Ont., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Windsor Univ., Ont., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035291753","display_name":"M.A. Sid-Ahmed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","display_name":"University of Windsor","ror":"https://ror.org/01gw3d370","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.A. Sid-Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada","Windsor Univ., Ont., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Windsor Univ., Ont., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116239815","display_name":"Majid Ahmadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4046-2121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","display_name":"University of Windsor","ror":"https://ror.org/01gw3d370","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Ahmadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada","Windsor Univ., Ont., Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Windsor, Windsor, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Windsor Univ., Ont., Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066312936"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8812,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76639587,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"989","last_page":"992"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.7076795697212219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6990417838096619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6916618943214417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.6764999032020569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6127700209617615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast-enhancement","display_name":"Contrast enhancement","score":0.5596722364425659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-enhancement","display_name":"Image enhancement","score":0.5402616262435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grayscale","display_name":"Grayscale","score":0.4761136472225189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4224499464035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3970670700073242}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.7076795697212219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6990417838096619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6916618943214417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.6764999032020569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6127700209617615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018181011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6849688","display_name":"Contrast enhancement","level":3,"score":0.5596722364425659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017601658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q545981","display_name":"Image enhancement","level":3,"score":0.5402616262435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78201319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Grayscale","level":3,"score":0.4761136472225189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4224499464035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3970670700073242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2004.1419467","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2004.1419467","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 International Conference on Image Processing, 2004. ICIP '04.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W132159773","https://openalex.org/W1980573855","https://openalex.org/W2019225800","https://openalex.org/W2115544497","https://openalex.org/W2130028253","https://openalex.org/W2131441646","https://openalex.org/W2157233332"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1691631808","https://openalex.org/W1586320973","https://openalex.org/W2163751115","https://openalex.org/W2586608483","https://openalex.org/W2079467022","https://openalex.org/W4361829738","https://openalex.org/W2988088379","https://openalex.org/W2005736836","https://openalex.org/W2625093041","https://openalex.org/W2787271994"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Contrast":[0],"enhancement":[1,28,50],"of":[2,29,42,46,63],"the":[3,40,77,81,87],"lateral":[4],"skull":[5],"X-ray":[6,32],"images":[7,75],"is":[8,36,51],"very":[9],"important":[10],"in":[11],"orthodontic":[12],"practice,":[13],"cephalometric":[14],"evaluation":[15],"and":[16,76],"craniofacial":[17],"landmarking.":[18],"In":[19],"this":[20],"paper":[21],"we":[22],"present":[23],"computational":[24],"techniques":[25],"involving":[26],"contrast":[27],"two-dimensional":[30],"digitized":[31],"images.":[33],"The":[34,68],"algorithm":[35],"developed":[37],"based":[38],"on":[39,61,73],"use":[41],"local":[43,64],"heterogeneity":[44,65],"measures":[45],"pixel":[47],"distribution.":[48],"Image":[49],"accomplished":[52],"by":[53],"an":[54],"adaptive":[55],"gray":[56],"scale":[57],"pixels":[58],"transformation":[59],"depending":[60],"results":[62,78],"contribution":[66],"measures.":[67],"proposed":[69,82],"approach":[70],"was":[71],"tested":[72],"different":[74],"prove":[79],"that":[80],"method":[83],"has":[84],"better":[85],"performance":[86],"existing":[88],"conventional":[89],"methods.":[90]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
