{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1500940900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2003.1247395","title":"An effective feature extraction method for face recognition","display_name":"An effective feature extraction method for face recognition","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-06-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1500940900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2003.1247395","mag":"1500940900"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2003.1247395","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2003.1247395","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings 2003 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No.03CH37429)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038465361","display_name":"Javad Haddadnia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4736-455X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162482","display_name":"Sabzevar University of New Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05bmwgs04","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162482"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Haddadnia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Department, Tarbiat Moallem University of Sabzevar, Sabzevar, Khorasan, Iran"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Department, Tarbiat Moallem University of Sabzevar, Sabzevar, Khorasan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162482"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116239815","display_name":"Majid Ahmadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4046-2121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74413500","display_name":"University of Windsor","ror":"https://ror.org/01gw3d370","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Ahmadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECE Department, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74413500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042529202","display_name":"Kaamran Raahemifar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9835-7897"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Raahemifar","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECE Department, University of Ryerson, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, University of Ryerson, Toronto, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038465361"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162482"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5466,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66570616,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"III","last_page":"917"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.982699990272522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7795435190200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.7646129727363586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.7601256966590881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7293908596038818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6816011667251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6330826878547668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zernike-polynomials","display_name":"Zernike polynomials","score":0.6291775703430176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","score":0.555202066898346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-face-recognition","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","score":0.5507912039756775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4698575735092163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4261632561683655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.370556116104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18153083324432373}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7795435190200806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.7646129727363586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.7601256966590881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7293908596038818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6816011667251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6330826878547668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92423082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132146","display_name":"Zernike polynomials","level":3,"score":0.6291775703430176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.555202066898346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88799230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3398329","display_name":"Three-dimensional face recognition","level":5,"score":0.5507912039756775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4698575735092163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4261632561683655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.370556116104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18153083324432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165699331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461533","display_name":"Wavefront","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icip.2003.1247395","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icip.2003.1247395","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings 2003 International Conference on Image Processing (Cat. No.03CH37429)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1945982597","https://openalex.org/W1971820077","https://openalex.org/W2081733395","https://openalex.org/W2096487983","https://openalex.org/W2100281586","https://openalex.org/W2114150335","https://openalex.org/W2121647436","https://openalex.org/W2144354855","https://openalex.org/W2163965432"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2358414325","https://openalex.org/W2166031825","https://openalex.org/W2918845005","https://openalex.org/W2040482211","https://openalex.org/W4387163326","https://openalex.org/W325114128","https://openalex.org/W4285815683","https://openalex.org/W2336272890","https://openalex.org/W4312238398","https://openalex.org/W4308999963"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,77],"introduces":[2],"an":[3],"efficient":[4],"method":[5,26],"for":[6,68,130],"the":[7,33,78,81,96,103,109],"recognition":[8,89,139],"of":[9,66,72,80,98,100,112,143],"human":[10,28],"faces":[11],"in":[12,84,88,102],"2-dimensional":[13],"digital":[14],"images":[15,67],"using":[16,36,147],"a":[17,37,57],"new":[18,38,58,82],"feature":[19,24,131],"extraction":[20,25,132],"method.":[21],"The":[22],"proposed":[23,104,128,149],"includes":[27],"face":[29,73,110,125,138],"localization":[30,126],"derived":[31,124],"from":[32],"shape":[34],"information":[35,71,87,136],"distance":[39],"measure":[40],"as":[41,46,48],"facial":[42],"candidate":[43],"threshold":[44],"(FCT)":[45],"well":[47],"Pseudo":[49],"Zernike":[50],"moment":[51],"invariant":[52],"(PZMI).":[53],"Also":[54,93],"we":[55,94],"introduce":[56],"parameter":[59],"to":[60],"define":[61],"axis":[62],"correction":[63],"ratio":[64],"(ACR)":[65],"disregarding":[69,85],"irrelevant":[70,86],"images.":[74],"In":[75],"this":[76,148],"effect":[79,97],"parameters":[83],"rate":[90,142],"is":[91,145],"studied.":[92],"evaluate":[95],"orders":[99],"PZMI":[101,121],"technique.":[105,150],"Simulation":[106],"results":[107],"on":[108],"database":[111],"Olivetti":[113],"research":[114],"laboratory":[115],"(ORL)":[116],"indicate":[117],"that":[118],"high":[119],"order":[120],"together":[122],"with":[123],"and":[127],"technique":[129],"contain":[133],"very":[134],"useful":[135],"about":[137],"process.":[140],"Recognition":[141],"99.3%":[144],"obtained":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
