{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1964207075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icif.2007.4408177","title":"Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density for visual people racking","display_name":"Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density for visual people racking","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1964207075","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icif.2007.4408177","mag":"1964207075"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icif.2007.4408177","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icif.2007.4408177","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 10th International Conference on Information Fusion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100392453","display_name":"Yadong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6013-1999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ya-Dong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore","Inst. for Infocomm Res., Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. for Infocomm Res., Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103520001","display_name":"Jiankang Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian-Kang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore","Inst. for Infocomm Res., Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. for Infocomm Res., Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101490615","display_name":"Weimin Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6041-9848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weimin Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore","Inst. for Infocomm Res., Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. for Infocomm Res., Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044469907","display_name":"Ashraf A. Kassim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7435-8564"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashraf A. Kassim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore 119260, Singapore#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore 119260, Singapore#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100392453"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5965,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89731006,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.6925272941589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.653232991695404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6197335720062256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6151248812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5958212614059448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-filter","display_name":"Particle filter","score":0.5891633629798889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.517556369304657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-model","display_name":"Mixture model","score":0.47653207182884216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-filter","display_name":"Gaussian filter","score":0.4653388261795044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.43586236238479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recursive-bayesian-estimation","display_name":"Recursive Bayesian estimation","score":0.434736430644989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probability-density-function","display_name":"Probability density function","score":0.4301564693450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.25858134031295776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.24479806423187256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.23008060455322266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07895174622535706}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6925272941589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.653232991695404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6197335720062256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6151248812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5958212614059448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52421305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151499","display_name":"Particle filter","level":3,"score":0.5891633629798889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.517556369304657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.47653207182884216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65892221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1113935","display_name":"Gaussian filter","level":3,"score":0.4653388261795044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.43586236238479614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40343088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3059012","display_name":"Recursive Bayesian estimation","level":3,"score":0.434736430644989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197055811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207522","display_name":"Probability density function","level":2,"score":0.4301564693450928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.25858134031295776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.24479806423187256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.23008060455322266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07895174622535706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icif.2007.4408177","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icif.2007.4408177","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 10th International Conference on Information Fusion","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/70409","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/70409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052290","display_name":"National University of Singapore","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scopus","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W70609629","https://openalex.org/W1526903185","https://openalex.org/W1531532259","https://openalex.org/W1983069421","https://openalex.org/W1984831487","https://openalex.org/W2014787937","https://openalex.org/W2081405447","https://openalex.org/W2102625004","https://openalex.org/W2119855595","https://openalex.org/W2129570991","https://openalex.org/W2137585588","https://openalex.org/W2150489380","https://openalex.org/W2155325587","https://openalex.org/W2156950770","https://openalex.org/W2160113452","https://openalex.org/W2161435744","https://openalex.org/W2163557299","https://openalex.org/W6631773021","https://openalex.org/W6646219531"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2752301189","https://openalex.org/W2001924341","https://openalex.org/W2115445963","https://openalex.org/W2152348771","https://openalex.org/W1976194731","https://openalex.org/W1654445201","https://openalex.org/W2532459328","https://openalex.org/W617750611","https://openalex.org/W2012949382","https://openalex.org/W2013439927"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"our":[3],"work":[4],"which":[5,38],"involves":[6],"the":[7,14,42,49,58,66,81,86,106,110,115,120,129,136],"application":[8],"of":[9,54,60,69,88,108,131],"a":[10,23,95,98],"recursive":[11],"Bayesian":[12],"filter,":[13,21],"Gaussian":[15,61],"mixture":[16],"probability":[17],"hypothesis":[18],"density":[19],"(GMPHD)":[20],"to":[22,35,79],"visual":[24],"tracking":[25],"problem.":[26],"Foreground":[27],"objects":[28,55,70,133],"are":[29,39],"detected":[30],"using":[31],"statistical":[32],"background":[33],"modeling":[34],"obtain":[36],"measurements":[37],"input":[40],"into":[41],"filter.":[43,139],"The":[44,91,123],"GMPHD":[45,82,111,125],"filter":[46,83,112,126],"explicitly":[47],"models":[48],"birth,":[50],"survival":[51],"and":[52,63,71,84,103,117],"death":[53],"by":[56],"managing":[57],"number":[59,68,116],"components":[62],"jointly":[64],"estimates":[65],"time-varying":[67],"their":[72],"states.":[73],"A":[74],"scene-driven":[75,124],"method":[76],"is":[77],"proposed":[78],"initialize":[80],"model":[85],"birth":[87,130],"new":[89,132],"objects.":[90],"results":[92],"shows":[93],"when":[94],"person":[96],"or":[97],"group":[99],"appeared,":[100],"merged,":[101],"split,":[102],"disappeared":[104],"in":[105],"field":[107],"view,":[109],"can":[113,127],"track":[114,128],"positions":[118],"at":[119],"most":[121],"time.":[122],"faster":[134],"than":[135],"particle":[137],"PHD":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
