{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2133103017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ichr.2007.4813884","title":"The perception of animacy and intelligence based on a robot's embodiment","display_name":"The perception of animacy and intelligence based on a robot's embodiment","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2133103017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ichr.2007.4813884","mag":"2133103017"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ichr.2007.4813884","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ichr.2007.4813884","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 7th IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/165540","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013327637","display_name":"Christoph Bartneck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4566-4815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Bartneck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB, The Netherlands","Dept. of Ind. Design, Eindhoven Univ. of Technol., Eindhoven"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Ind. Design, Eindhoven Univ. of Technol., Eindhoven","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028939608","display_name":"Takayuki Kanda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9546-5825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104143","display_name":"Advanced Telecommunications Research Institute International","ror":"https://ror.org/01pe1d703","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takayuki Kanda","raw_affiliation_strings":["ATR Intelligent Robotics and Communications Labs, Kyoto, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ATR Intelligent Robotics and Communications Labs, Kyoto, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022431311","display_name":"Omar Mubin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6435-6407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omar Mubin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB, The Netherlands","Dept. of Ind. Design, Eindhoven Univ. of Technol., Eindhoven"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Ind. Design, Eindhoven Univ. of Technol., Eindhoven","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100625286","display_name":"Abdullah Al Mahmud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2801-723X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Al Mahmud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB, The Netherlands","Dept. of Ind. Design, Eindhoven Univ. of Technol., Eindhoven"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Design, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Ind. Design, Eindhoven Univ. of Technol., Eindhoven","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1854,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79231473,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"300","last_page":"305"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11431","display_name":"Action Observation and Synchronization","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animacy","display_name":"Animacy","score":0.9972534775733948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.7809146642684937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.6716979146003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5488059520721436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.545053243637085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5074519515037537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.41969695687294006}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778589607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250335","display_name":"Animacy","level":2,"score":0.9972534775733948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.7809146642684937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6716979146003723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5488059520721436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.545053243637085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5074519515037537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.41969695687294006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ichr.2007.4813884","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ichr.2007.4813884","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 7th IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/44a5c74d-9e71-46aa-9601-828fbe9a7331","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/44a5c74d-9e71-46aa-9601-828fbe9a7331","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Bartneck, C, Kanda, T, Mubin, O & Al Mahmud, A 2007, The perception of animacy and intelligence based on a robot's embodiment. in Proceedings of the 7th IEEE-RAS Annual International Conference on Humanoid Robots (Humanoids 2007), November 29 - December 1 2007, Pittsburgh, USA. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Piscataway, pp. 300-305. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICHR.2007.4813884","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:661459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://library.tue.nl/csp/dare/LinkToRepository.csp?recordnumber=661459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.84.224","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.84.224","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://planning.cs.cmu.edu/humanoids07/p/19.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:165540","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/165540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:library.tue.nl:661459","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.tue.nl/661459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchbank.swinburne.edu.au:19945a24-86cd-4461-9499-4b5559c33f84/1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/381754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401157","display_name":"Swinburne Research Bank (Swinburne University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","host_organization_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"7th IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots, (HUMANOIDS 2007), Pittsburgh, United States, 29 November - 1 December 2008 / James Kuffner (ed.), pp. 300-305","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/44a5c74d-9e71-46aa-9601-828fbe9a7331","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/nl/publications/44a5c74d-9e71-46aa-9601-828fbe9a7331","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 7th IEEE-RAS Annual International Conference on Humanoid Robots (Humanoids 2007), November 29 - December 1 2007, Pittsburgh, USA, 300 - 305","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferencepaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:165540","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/165540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310962","display_name":"Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics","ror":"https://ror.org/0265wc016"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491525992","https://openalex.org/W1876498182","https://openalex.org/W1968340857","https://openalex.org/W1980112203","https://openalex.org/W2004078975","https://openalex.org/W2057752206","https://openalex.org/W2068710809","https://openalex.org/W2085821487","https://openalex.org/W2092671133","https://openalex.org/W2123393961","https://openalex.org/W2134818908","https://openalex.org/W2148999704","https://openalex.org/W6639485471"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2353480757","https://openalex.org/W3182050739","https://openalex.org/W4207016018","https://openalex.org/W2504389339","https://openalex.org/W2802897578","https://openalex.org/W2121381319","https://openalex.org/W4315779732","https://openalex.org/W4205666340","https://openalex.org/W2279310362","https://openalex.org/W2087303720"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Robots":[0],"exhibit":[1],"life-like":[2],"behavior":[3],"by":[4],"performing":[5],"intelligent":[6],"actions.":[7],"To":[8],"enhance":[9],"human-robot":[10],"interaction":[11],"it":[12,135],"is":[13,91,136],"necessary":[14],"to":[15,32,109,137],"investigate":[16,33],"and":[17,44,47,71,74,101,149],"understand":[18],"how":[19,34],"end-users":[20],"perceive":[21],"such":[22],"animate":[23],"behavior.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26,57],"paper,":[27],"we":[28],"report":[29],"an":[30],"experiment":[31,63],"people":[35],"perceived":[36,72,89],"different":[37],"robot":[38,65,78,106],"embodiments":[39,55],"in":[40,56,112],"terms":[41],"of":[42,76,104,115,129,141,152],"animacy":[43,73,103],"intelligence.":[45],"iCat":[46,117],"Robovie":[48],"II":[49],"were":[50,79],"used":[51],"as":[52],"the":[53,68,77,80,99,102,113,116,124,127,130,132,139,147,153],"two":[54],"experiment.":[58],"We":[59,144],"conducted":[60],"a":[61,87,105,142],"between-subject":[62],"where":[64],"type":[66],"was":[67,107],"independent":[69],"variable,":[70],"intelligence":[75,90,100],"dependent":[81],"variables.":[82],"Our":[83,119],"findings":[84],"suggest":[85],"that":[86,123],"robots":[88],"significantly":[92],"correlated":[93],"with":[94],"animacy.":[95],"The":[96],"correlation":[97],"between":[98],"observed":[108],"be":[110],"stronger":[111],"case":[114],"embodiment.":[118],"results":[120,154],"also":[121,145],"indicate":[122],"more":[125,133],"animated":[126],"face":[128],"robot,":[131],"likely":[134],"attract":[138],"attention":[140],"user.":[143],"discuss":[146],"possible":[148],"probable":[150],"explanations":[151],"obtained.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}