{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3089675134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ichms49158.2020.9209492","title":"Just Feeling the Force: Just Noticeable Difference for Asymmetric Vibrations","display_name":"Just Feeling the Force: Just Noticeable Difference for Asymmetric Vibrations","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3089675134","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ichms49158.2020.9209492","mag":"3089675134"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ichms49158.2020.9209492","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ichms49158.2020.9209492","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498677","display_name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Human-Machine Systems (ICHMS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Human-Machine Systems (ICHMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029656316","display_name":"Dirk Van Baelen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4593-9006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dirk Van Baelen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, TU Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, TU Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082541058","display_name":"Joost Ellerbroek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2232-8299"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joost Ellerbroek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, TU Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, TU Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026899611","display_name":"M. M. van Paassen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4700-1222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. M. van Paassen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, TU Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, TU Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058571219","display_name":"David A. Abbink","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7778-0090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David A. Abbink","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, TU Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, TU Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001682481","display_name":"Max Mulder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0932-3979"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Max Mulder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, TU Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, TU Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029656316"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1425,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86816269,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14056","display_name":"Safety Warnings and Signage","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vibration","display_name":"Vibration","score":0.7544386386871338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.7056208252906799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haptic-technology","display_name":"Haptic technology","score":0.6433089375495911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude","display_name":"Amplitude","score":0.532808780670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.5208361744880676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.4316869080066681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.41984260082244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3464137017726898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.33483177423477173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.32806044816970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3203967213630676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.19219562411308289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.17037799954414368}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198394728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3695508","display_name":"Vibration","level":2,"score":0.7544386386871338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7056208252906799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152086174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030571","display_name":"Haptic technology","level":2,"score":0.6433089375495911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180205008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159190","display_name":"Amplitude","level":2,"score":0.532808780670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.5208361744880676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.4316869080066681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.41984260082244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3464137017726898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33483177423477173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.32806044816970825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3203967213630676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.19219562411308289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.17037799954414368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ichms49158.2020.9209492","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ichms49158.2020.9209492","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498677","display_name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Human-Machine Systems (ICHMS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Human-Machine Systems (ICHMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W589664387","https://openalex.org/W606805952","https://openalex.org/W1542759182","https://openalex.org/W2065405316","https://openalex.org/W2088830604","https://openalex.org/W2120328935","https://openalex.org/W2156912221","https://openalex.org/W2782029786","https://openalex.org/W2809126097","https://openalex.org/W2905975497","https://openalex.org/W2908857193","https://openalex.org/W4297789038"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W156716224","https://openalex.org/W2111871955","https://openalex.org/W3175380930","https://openalex.org/W4233260495","https://openalex.org/W1989694608","https://openalex.org/W2139876914","https://openalex.org/W1986738380","https://openalex.org/W2642061445","https://openalex.org/W3094485622","https://openalex.org/W2519742261"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Previous":[0],"research":[1],"showed":[2],"that":[3],"haptic":[4],"feedback,":[5],"in":[6,22,90,145],"the":[7,20,49,99,112,128,143,146,156,161],"form":[8],"of":[9,73],"asymmetric":[10,129],"vibrations,":[11],"can":[12,56],"be":[13,34,58],"used":[14],"to":[15,19,47,97,135,165],"provide":[16],"directional":[17,61],"cues":[18,89],"operator":[21],"a":[23,42,91,123,136],"laboratory":[24],"setting.":[25],"Nevertheless,":[26],"it":[27],"is":[28],"unclear":[29],"how":[30],"these":[31],"vibrations":[32,55,169],"should":[33],"designed":[35],"for":[36,53,63,84,127],"pilots":[37],"controlling":[38],"their":[39],"aircraft":[40],"using":[41],"side-stick.":[43],"This":[44],"paper":[45],"aims":[46],"determine":[48],"magnitude":[50,72],"and":[51,79,87,149],"shape":[52],"which":[54],"still":[57],"perceived":[59],"as":[60],"cues,":[62],"one":[64],"fixed":[65],"frequency":[66],"based":[67],"on":[68,111,155,160],"literature.":[69],"The":[70],"threshold":[71,126,144],"two":[74],"forcing":[75],"function":[76],"shapes":[77],"(triangular":[78],"saw":[80,130,167],"tooth)":[81],"was":[82],"determined":[83],"both":[85],"pulling":[86],"pushing":[88],"just-noticeable-difference":[92],"experiment.":[93],"Participants":[94],"were":[95],"asked":[96],"report":[98],"direction":[100],"at":[101,114],"varying":[102],"input":[103],"magnitudes":[104],"while":[105],"exerting":[106],"different":[107,115],"offset":[108,140],"force":[109,141],"levels":[110],"stick":[113,150],"positions.":[116],"Results":[117],"confirmed":[118],"all":[119],"hypotheses:":[120],"they":[121],"indicated":[122],"lower":[124],"perception":[125],"tooth":[131,168],"shaped":[132],"vibration":[133],"compared":[134],"triangular":[137],"shaped;":[138],"higher":[139,173],"decreased":[142],"opposite":[147],"direction;":[148],"position":[151],"had":[152],"no":[153],"effect":[154],"obtained":[157],"thresholds.":[158],"Based":[159],"experiment":[162],"we":[163],"advise":[164],"use":[166],"with":[170],"an":[171],"amplitude":[172],"than":[174],"0.094":[175],"Nm.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}