{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3021322530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ichi48887.2020.9374332","title":"Hierarchical Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Multi-category Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Disorders on Histopathological Images","display_name":"Hierarchical Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Multi-category Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Disorders on Histopathological Images","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3021322530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ichi48887.2020.9374332","mag":"3021322530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ichi48887.2020.9374332","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ichi48887.2020.9374332","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics (ICHI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.03868","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065511112","display_name":"Rasoul Sali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3995-0735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rasoul Sali","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","University of Virginia, Department of Systems and Information Engineering, Charlottesville, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia, Department of Systems and Information Engineering, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040777498","display_name":"Sodiq Adewole","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3834-1735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sodiq Adewole","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","University of Virginia, Department of Systems and Information Engineering, Charlottesville, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia, Department of Systems and Information Engineering, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087470876","display_name":"Lubaina Ehsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6307-2106"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lubaina Ehsan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","University of Virginia School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Charlottesville VA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Charlottesville VA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037750455","display_name":"Lee A. Denson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-7198"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285204247","display_name":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01hcyya48","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1285204247"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee A. Denson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA","Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Cincinnati OH USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285204247"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Cincinnati OH USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285204247"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026531925","display_name":"Paul Kelly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0844-6448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33278361","display_name":"University of Zambia","ror":"https://ror.org/03gh19d69","country_code":"ZM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33278361"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103172","display_name":"Tropical Gastroenterology & Nutrition group","ror":"https://ror.org/00qt5a094","country_code":"ZM","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103172"]}],"countries":["GB","ZM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Kelly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom","Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition group, University of Zambia, School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia","Queen Mary University of London,Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine,London,United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition group, University of Zambia, School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33278361","https://openalex.org/I4210103172"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen Mary University of London,Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine,London,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029489919","display_name":"Beatrice Amadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6363-2943"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33278361","display_name":"University of Zambia","ror":"https://ror.org/03gh19d69","country_code":"ZM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33278361"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103172","display_name":"Tropical Gastroenterology & Nutrition group","ror":"https://ror.org/00qt5a094","country_code":"ZM","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210103172"]}],"countries":["ZM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beatrice C. Amadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition group, University of Zambia, School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia","University of Zambia School of Medicine Tropical Gastroenterology & Nutrition Group Lusaka Zambia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition group, University of Zambia, School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33278361","https://openalex.org/I4210103172"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Zambia School of Medicine Tropical Gastroenterology & Nutrition Group Lusaka Zambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33278361","https://openalex.org/I4210103172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055810149","display_name":"Lori R. Holtz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5591-7794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lori Holtz","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, USA","Washington University,School of Medicine,Department of Pediatrics,Saint Louis,MO,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Washington University,School of Medicine,Department of Pediatrics,Saint Louis,MO,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077438469","display_name":"Asad Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5274-7665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118185606","display_name":"Aga Khan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03gd0dm95","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118185606","https://openalex.org/I4210114929"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Asad Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan","Aga Khan University, Dept. of Pediatrics and Child Health, Karachi (Pakistan)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118185606"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aga Khan University, Dept. of Pediatrics and Child Health, Karachi (Pakistan)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118185606"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089634637","display_name":"Sean R. Moore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1150-6632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean R. Moore","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","University of Virginia School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Charlottesville VA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Charlottesville VA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021341057","display_name":"Sana Syed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0954-0583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sana Syed","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","University of Virginia School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Charlottesville VA USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Charlottesville VA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086462231","display_name":"Donald E. Brown","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9140-2632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Donald E. Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10552","display_name":"Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10552","display_name":"Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.8016449809074402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7403513193130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7335131764411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.664039671421051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5885039567947388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5749686360359192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.5470434427261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-pathology","display_name":"Digital pathology","score":0.4875170886516571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4451333284378052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.4339447021484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.3354414403438568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.15382692217826843}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.8016449809074402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7403513193130493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7335131764411926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.664039671421051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5885039567947388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5749686360359192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.5470434427261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777522853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276128","display_name":"Digital pathology","level":2,"score":0.4875170886516571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4451333284378052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.4339447021484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.3354414403438568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15382692217826843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ichi48887.2020.9374332","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ichi48887.2020.9374332","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics (ICHI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2005.03868","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.03868","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.03868","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3021322530","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.03868.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2005.03868","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2005.03868","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2005.03868","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2005.03868","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.03868","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0456r8d26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308611","display_name":"Health Research","ror":"https://ror.org/059qgvg50"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3021322530.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3021322530.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1547943993","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1849277567","https://openalex.org/W1930423902","https://openalex.org/W2045276152","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2117537894","https://openalex.org/W2128568752","https://openalex.org/W2148141637","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2325524608","https://openalex.org/W2343160907","https://openalex.org/W2621015632","https://openalex.org/W2741654639","https://openalex.org/W2756815061","https://openalex.org/W2772723798","https://openalex.org/W2787746658","https://openalex.org/W2803714405","https://openalex.org/W2892166671","https://openalex.org/W2909671014","https://openalex.org/W2911378287","https://openalex.org/W2911705691","https://openalex.org/W2912806832","https://openalex.org/W2939343604","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W2962860144","https://openalex.org/W2962914239","https://openalex.org/W2979956889","https://openalex.org/W3005130116","https://openalex.org/W3098150009","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6639204139","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6744458466","https://openalex.org/W6758357483","https://openalex.org/W6761422276"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3138344945","https://openalex.org/W3003717747","https://openalex.org/W2998666704","https://openalex.org/W3202280620","https://openalex.org/W3025776133","https://openalex.org/W2922519435","https://openalex.org/W2897601127","https://openalex.org/W2614374744","https://openalex.org/W2765876398","https://openalex.org/W2984737280","https://openalex.org/W2903701701","https://openalex.org/W3114481197","https://openalex.org/W2980259907","https://openalex.org/W3014881861","https://openalex.org/W3036935029","https://openalex.org/W3116307293","https://openalex.org/W3031998705","https://openalex.org/W2883569951","https://openalex.org/W2780892111","https://openalex.org/W3175002242"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"convolutional":[1],"neural":[2],"networks":[3],"(CNNs)":[4],"have":[5],"been":[6],"successful":[7],"for":[8,28,214],"a":[9,90,129,135,165],"wide":[10],"range":[11],"of":[12,22,34,63,75,98,114,147,153,175,179,191,217],"computer":[13],"vision":[14],"tasks":[15],"including":[16],"image":[17,192],"classification.":[18],"A":[19],"specific":[20],"area":[21],"application":[23],"lies":[24],"in":[25,31,72],"digital":[26],"pathology":[27],"pattern":[29],"recognition":[30],"tissue-based":[32],"diagnosis":[33,216],"gastrointestinal":[35],"(GI)":[36],"diseases.":[37,85],"This":[38,50,65],"domain":[39],"can":[40,205],"utilize":[41],"CNNs":[42],"to":[43,69,107,110,123,128,134,143,172,210],"translate":[44],"histopathological":[45,221],"images":[46,149],"into":[47,168],"precise":[48],"diagnostics.":[49],"is":[51,66],"challenging":[52],"since":[53],"these":[54],"complex":[55],"biopsies":[56],"are":[57,104],"heterogeneous":[58],"and":[59,79,101,157],"require":[60],"multiple":[61],"levels":[62],"assessment.":[64],"mainly":[67],"due":[68],"structural":[70],"similarities":[71],"different":[73,83,151],"parts":[74,152],"the":[76,99,154,158,169,176,211],"GI":[77,155,218],"tract":[78,156],"shared":[80],"features":[81],"among":[82],"gut":[84,100],"Addressing":[86],"this":[87,139],"problem":[88],"with":[89],"flat":[91,136,212],"model":[92,119,132,184,204,213],"which":[93],"assumes":[94],"all":[95],"classes":[96],"(parts":[97],"their":[102],"diseases)":[103],"equally":[105],"difficult":[106],"distinguish":[108],"leads":[109,127],"an":[111,188],"inadequate":[112],"assessment":[113],"each":[115,124],"class.":[116],"Since":[117],"hierarchical":[118,145,177,203],"restricts":[120],"classification":[121,146],"error":[122],"sub-class,":[125],"it":[126],"more":[130],"informative":[131],"compared":[133,209],"model.":[137],"In":[138],"paper":[140],"we":[141],"propose":[142],"apply":[144],"biopsy":[148],"from":[150,194],"receptive":[159],"diseases":[160],"within":[161],"each.":[162],"We":[163],"embedded":[164],"class":[166],"hierarchy":[167],"plain":[170],"VGGNet":[171],"take":[173],"advantage":[174],"structure":[178],"its":[180],"layers.":[181],"The":[182,199],"proposed":[183],"was":[185],"evaluated":[186],"using":[187,220],"independent":[189],"set":[190],"patches":[193],"373":[195],"whole":[196],"slide":[197],"images.":[198,222],"results":[200,208],"indicate":[201],"that":[202],"achieve":[206],"better":[207],"multi-category":[215],"disorders":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
