{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3215789682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icfpt52863.2021.9609930","title":"FLOWER: A comprehensive dataflow compiler for high-level synthesis","display_name":"FLOWER: A comprehensive dataflow compiler for high-level synthesis","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3215789682","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icfpt52863.2021.9609930","mag":"3215789682"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icfpt52863.2021.9609930","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icfpt52863.2021.9609930","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology (ICFPT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.07789","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033227441","display_name":"Puya Amiri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-0675"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33256026","display_name":"German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/01ayc5b57","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Puya Amiri","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077035896","display_name":"Ars\u00e8ne P\u00e9rard\u2010Gayot","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91712215","display_name":"Saarland University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jdpyv68","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arsene Perard-Gayot","raw_affiliation_strings":["Saarland University (UdS), Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Saarland University (UdS), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024954324","display_name":"Richard Membarth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9979-7579"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33256026","display_name":"German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/01ayc5b57","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106192","display_name":"Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/02bxzcy64","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106192"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Membarth","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Germany","Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt (THI), Research Institute AImotion Bavaria, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt (THI), Research Institute AImotion Bavaria, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106192"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026514026","display_name":"Philipp Slusallek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33256026","display_name":"German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/01ayc5b57","country_code":"DE","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91712215","display_name":"Saarland University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jdpyv68","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philipp Slusallek","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Germany","Saarland University (UdS), Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33256026"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Saarland University (UdS), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108283429","display_name":"Roland Leiba","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177802217","display_name":"University of Mannheim","ror":"https://ror.org/031bsb921","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177802217"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roland Leiba","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business Informatics and Mathematics (WIM), University of Mannheim, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business Informatics and Mathematics (WIM), University of Mannheim, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177802217"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018809145","display_name":"Sebastian Hack","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3387-2134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91712215","display_name":"Saarland University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jdpyv68","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Hack","raw_affiliation_strings":["Saarland University (UdS), Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Saarland University (UdS), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91712215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1327,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77725806,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dataflow","display_name":"Dataflow","score":0.9522167444229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8821303844451904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.7970321178436279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.6148242950439453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6042265295982361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5485936403274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-parallelism","display_name":"Data parallelism","score":0.5113048553466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.46269258856773376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4412647783756256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.4306086301803589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconfigurable-computing","display_name":"Reconfigurable computing","score":0.42959973216056824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-level-synthesis","display_name":"High-level synthesis","score":0.41891443729400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3632466793060303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallelism","display_name":"Parallelism (grammar)","score":0.3315315246582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3276115953922272}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96324660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205446","display_name":"Dataflow","level":2,"score":0.9522167444229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8821303844451904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.7970321178436279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.6148242950439453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6042265295982361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5485936403274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61483411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3124522","display_name":"Data parallelism","level":3,"score":0.5113048553466797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.46269258856773376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4412647783756256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.4306086301803589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142962650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q240838","display_name":"Reconfigurable computing","level":3,"score":0.42959973216056824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58013763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5754574","display_name":"High-level synthesis","level":3,"score":0.41891443729400635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3632466793060303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781172179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853109","display_name":"Parallelism (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.3315315246582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3276115953922272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icfpt52863.2021.9609930","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icfpt52863.2021.9609930","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology (ICFPT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2112.07789","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2112.07789","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.07789","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ub-madoc.bib.uni-mannheim.de:61417","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9609930","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401433","display_name":"MADOC (University of Mannheim)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I177802217","host_organization_name":"University of Mannheim","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177802217"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Konferenzver\u00f6ffentlichung"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2112.07789","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2112.07789","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.07789","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496611515","https://openalex.org/W1499156209","https://openalex.org/W1970032753","https://openalex.org/W1980208272","https://openalex.org/W1983394510","https://openalex.org/W2075745057","https://openalex.org/W2145663636","https://openalex.org/W2171318521","https://openalex.org/W2461217932","https://openalex.org/W2466242877","https://openalex.org/W2493708352","https://openalex.org/W2517689844","https://openalex.org/W2565125333","https://openalex.org/W2572804059","https://openalex.org/W2785874054","https://openalex.org/W2788102204","https://openalex.org/W2798482398","https://openalex.org/W2810641595","https://openalex.org/W2886241345","https://openalex.org/W2886649770","https://openalex.org/W2889424113","https://openalex.org/W2898442528","https://openalex.org/W2916553714","https://openalex.org/W2952724890","https://openalex.org/W2954600699","https://openalex.org/W2982301203","https://openalex.org/W2987684178","https://openalex.org/W2996351509","https://openalex.org/W3006236305","https://openalex.org/W3007436455","https://openalex.org/W3008414340","https://openalex.org/W3033414614","https://openalex.org/W3092745262","https://openalex.org/W3096919220","https://openalex.org/W3098863686","https://openalex.org/W3100822741","https://openalex.org/W3108085245","https://openalex.org/W3138353446","https://openalex.org/W6629705995","https://openalex.org/W6718929309","https://openalex.org/W6752611967","https://openalex.org/W6753932278","https://openalex.org/W6775595969"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2950520577","https://openalex.org/W1554644772","https://openalex.org/W2003935582","https://openalex.org/W2494130044","https://openalex.org/W3170887803","https://openalex.org/W74409296","https://openalex.org/W2461217932","https://openalex.org/W3209384898","https://openalex.org/W4400951174","https://openalex.org/W1595834484"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"FPGAs":[0,53],"have":[1],"found":[2],"their":[3],"way":[4],"into":[5,39],"data":[6],"centers":[7],"as":[8,34],"accelerator":[9,144],"cards,":[10,145],"making":[11],"reconfigurable":[12,41],"computing":[13],"more":[14],"accessible":[15],"for":[16,71,105,124,136],"high-performance":[17,137],"applications.":[18],"At":[19],"the":[20,40,147],"same":[21],"time,":[22],"new":[23],"high-level":[24,106],"synthesis":[25,107],"compilers":[26],"like":[27],"Xilinx":[28],"Vitis":[29],"and":[30,50,142,152],"runtime":[31],"libraries":[32],"such":[33],"XRT":[35],"attract":[36],"software":[37,44,76],"programmers":[38,45,77,114],"domain.":[42],"While":[43],"are":[46,78],"familiar":[47],"with":[48,82],"task-level":[49],"data-parallel":[51],"programming,":[52],"often":[54,79],"require":[55],"different":[56],"types":[57],"of":[58,149],"parallelism.":[59],"For":[60],"example,":[61],"data-driven":[62],"parallelism":[63],"is":[64],"mandatory":[65],"to":[66,115,132],"obtain":[67],"satisfactory":[68],"hardware":[69,88],"designs":[70],"pipelined":[72],"dataflow":[73,83,125],"architectures.":[74,126],"However,":[75],"not":[80],"acquainted":[81],"architectures\u2014":[84],"resulting":[85],"in":[86,146],"poor":[87],"designs.":[89],"In":[90],"this":[91],"work":[92],"we":[93],"present":[94],"FLOWER,":[95],"a":[96,109],"comprehensive":[97],"compiler":[98],"infrastructure":[99],"that":[100,129],"provides":[101],"automatic":[102],"canonical":[103],"transformations":[104],"from":[108],"domain-specific":[110],"library.":[111],"This":[112],"allows":[113,131],"focus":[116],"on":[117],"algorithm":[118],"implementations":[119,135],"rather":[120],"than":[121],"low-level":[122],"optimizations":[123],"We":[127],"show":[128],"FLOWER":[130],"synthesize":[133],"efficient":[134],"streaming":[138],"applications":[139],"targeting":[140],"System-on-Chip":[141],"FPGA":[143],"context":[148],"image":[150],"processing":[151],"computer":[153],"vision.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
