{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407692439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iceic64972.2025.10879626","title":"Linearized Gait Phase Estimation Using BiLSTM","display_name":"Linearized Gait Phase Estimation Using BiLSTM","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407692439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iceic64972.2025.10879626"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iceic64972.2025.10879626","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iceic64972.2025.10879626","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication (ICEIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074273979","display_name":"Yonghyun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2728-9698"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghyun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Hanyang University,Ansan,Korea","Hanyang University,Department Of Applied Artificial Intelligence (Major In Bio Artificial Intelligence),Seoul,Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Hanyang University,Ansan,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hanyang University,Department Of Applied Artificial Intelligence (Major In Bio Artificial Intelligence),Seoul,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002729236","display_name":"Dongbin Shin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongbin Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["R&D Center Hexar Humancare,Ansan,Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"R&D Center Hexar Humancare,Ansan,Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101692698","display_name":"Younghoon Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2401-4140"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Younghoon Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research&Development Hexar Humancare,Ansan,Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research&Development Hexar Humancare,Ansan,Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060572275","display_name":"Hyeyoun Jang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyeyoun Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["R&D Center Hexar Humancare,Ansan,Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"R&D Center Hexar Humancare,Ansan,Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101423562","display_name":"Chang-Soo Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8561-847X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changsoo Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["CEO Hexar Humancare,Ansan,Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CEO Hexar Humancare,Ansan,Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082578648","display_name":"Yeonjoon Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5010-8277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yeonjoon Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Hanyang University,Ansan,Korea","Hanyang University,Department Of Applied Artificial Intelligence (Major In Bio Artificial Intelligence),Seoul,Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Hanyang University,Ansan,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hanyang University,Department Of Applied Artificial Intelligence (Major In Bio Artificial Intelligence),Seoul,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05146371,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12740","display_name":"Gait Recognition and Analysis","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9523000121116638,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.5995618104934692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.524667501449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5231655836105347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait","display_name":"Gait","score":0.5101637840270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33395278453826904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3219236433506012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.23304927349090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1312142312526703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.11864182353019714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.08954718708992004}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.5995618104934692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.524667501449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5231655836105347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.5101637840270996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33395278453826904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3219236433506012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.23304927349090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1312142312526703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.11864182353019714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08954718708992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iceic64972.2025.10879626","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iceic64972.2025.10879626","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication (ICEIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2094532097","https://openalex.org/W3017117590","https://openalex.org/W4285242486","https://openalex.org/W4296438072","https://openalex.org/W4307479981","https://openalex.org/W4387400382","https://openalex.org/W6640362995"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2036807459","https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,20,47,81,123,155],"novel":[4],"deep":[5],"learning-based":[6],"approach":[7],"to":[8,51,77,87,164],"address":[9],"time-delay":[10],"challenges":[11],"arising":[12],"from":[13],"nonlinear":[14],"transformations":[15],"in":[16,23,167],"Gait":[17,55],"Phase":[18,56],"Estimation,":[19],"critical":[21],"factor":[22],"analyzing":[24],"human":[25],"gait":[26,61,74,179],"for":[27,70,177,185],"lower":[28,192],"limb":[29,193],"exoskeleton":[30,79,194],"robots.":[31,195],"The":[32,93,129],"proposed":[33,174],"model":[34],"leverages":[35],"hip":[36],"joint":[37],"angles":[38],"and":[39,72,90,119,145,189],"angular":[40],"velocities":[41],"as":[42,105],"feature":[43],"data,":[44],"organized":[45],"using":[46,102],"sliding":[48],"window":[49],"technique,":[50],"predict":[52],"the":[53,68,173,187],"Linearized":[54],"(LGP)\u2016a":[57],"continuous":[58],"repre-sentation":[59],"of":[60,126,137,140,143,149,161,191],"progression":[62],"between":[63],"Heel":[64],"Strikes.":[65],"Motivated":[66],"by":[67],"need":[69],"real-time":[71,178],"precise":[73],"phase":[75,180],"estimation":[76],"enhance":[78],"control,":[80],"Bidirectional":[82],"LSTM":[83],"network":[84],"was":[85,96],"employed":[86],"reduce":[88],"delays":[89],"improve":[91],"accuracy.":[92],"model's":[94,175],"effectiveness":[95],"validated":[97],"through":[98],"comprehensive":[99],"performance":[100],"evaluations":[101],"metrics":[103],"such":[104],"Mean":[106,111,115],"Absolute":[107],"Error":[108,113,117],"(MAE),":[109],"Root":[110],"Square":[112,116],"(RMSE),":[114],"(MSE),":[118],"R2":[120,147],"score,":[121],"alongside":[122],"temporal":[124,152],"analysis":[125,153],"delay":[127],"reduction.":[128],"results":[130],"demonstrated":[131],"superior":[132],"performance,":[133],"with":[134],"an":[135,146,159],"MAE":[136,160],"2.8\u00b10.8%,":[138],"RMSE":[139],"3.9\u00b11.2%,":[141],"MSE":[142],"0.1\u00b10.1%,":[144],"score":[148],"98.1\u00b11.8%.":[150],"Particularly,":[151],"revealed":[154],"marked":[156],"improvement,":[157],"achieving":[158],"0%,":[162],"compared":[163],"2.74\u00b10.92%":[165],"reported":[166],"prior":[168],"studies.":[169],"These":[170],"findings":[171],"underscore":[172],"potential":[176],"estimation,":[181],"offering":[182],"significant":[183],"implications":[184],"enhancing":[186],"responsiveness":[188],"adaptability":[190]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}