{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4223629350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iceic54506.2022.9748322","title":"A Fast Lock All-Digital Programmable N/M-ratio MDLL Frequency Multiplier Using a Variable Resolution TDC","display_name":"A Fast Lock All-Digital Programmable N/M-ratio MDLL Frequency Multiplier Using a Variable Resolution TDC","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4223629350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iceic54506.2022.9748322"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iceic54506.2022.9748322","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iceic54506.2022.9748322","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608213","display_name":"2022 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication (ICEIC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication (ICEIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026190408","display_name":"Chaeyoung Jang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94588446","display_name":"Hongik University","ror":"https://ror.org/00egdv862","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chaeyoung Jang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hongik University,Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering,Seoul,Korea","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hongik University,Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering,Seoul,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065676009","display_name":"Pil-ho Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pil-ho Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Test &#x0026; System Package (TSP) Center,Samsung Electronics,Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Test &#x0026; System Package (TSP) Center,Samsung Electronics,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042191719","display_name":"Sangjae Rhee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang-jae Rhee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Test &#x0026; System Package (TSP) Center,Samsung Electronics,Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Test &#x0026; System Package (TSP) Center,Samsung Electronics,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009751739","display_name":"Kihwan Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4724-0418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ki-hwan Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Test &#x0026; System Package (TSP) Center,Samsung Electronics,Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Test &#x0026; System Package (TSP) Center,Samsung Electronics,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101880257","display_name":"Jong\u2010Sun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9611-0268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94588446","display_name":"Hongik University","ror":"https://ror.org/00egdv862","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jongsun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hongik University,Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering,Seoul,Korea","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hongik University,Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering,Seoul,Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026190408"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94588446"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3222,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.33237269,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"2"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.6646496057510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplier","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","score":0.497776061296463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.45687568187713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3530493378639221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.34772181510925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3171486258506775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13697189092636108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09555134177207947}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.6646496057510376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124584101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053266","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","level":2,"score":0.497776061296463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.45687568187713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3530493378639221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.34772181510925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3171486258506775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13697189092636108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09555134177207947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iceic54506.2022.9748322","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iceic54506.2022.9748322","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608213","display_name":"2022 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication (ICEIC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication (ICEIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6994351352","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF 2019R1A2C-1010017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322202","display_name":"IC Design Education Center","ror":"https://ror.org/005v57z85"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332195","display_name":"Samsung","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036919251","https://openalex.org/W2128446766","https://openalex.org/W2129781412","https://openalex.org/W2134899771","https://openalex.org/W2600277699"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2935759653","https://openalex.org/W3105167352","https://openalex.org/W54078636","https://openalex.org/W2954470139","https://openalex.org/W1501425562","https://openalex.org/W2902782467","https://openalex.org/W3084825885","https://openalex.org/W2298861036","https://openalex.org/W2271181815"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"fast":[1,43],"lock":[2,44,87],"all-digital":[3],"programmable":[4,69],"N/M":[5,70],"-ratio":[6],"MDLL":[7,33,66,84],"frequency":[8,53,71,101],"multiplier":[9],"using":[10],"a":[11,42,59,86,100,108],"variable":[12,21],"resolution":[13,22,49],"time-to-digital":[14],"converter":[15],"(TDC)":[16],"is":[17],"presented.":[18],"The":[19,83],"proposed":[20,64],"TDC":[23,37,48],"measures":[24],"the":[25,30,36,47,52,63],"initial":[26],"phase":[27],"error":[28],"of":[29,74,89,103,112],"N/M-":[31],"ratio":[32],"and":[34,78,97,115],"generates":[35],"output":[38],"code":[39],"required":[40],"for":[41],"by":[45],"changing":[46],"according":[50],"to":[51],"multiplication":[54,72],"factor":[55],"N.":[56],"Implemented":[57],"in":[58],"40-nm":[60],"CMOS":[61],"process,":[62],"digital":[65],"achieves":[67,85,107],"various":[68],"ratios":[73],"<tex":[75,79,94,122],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[76,80,95,123],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$\\mathbf{N}=1-16$</tex>":[77],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$\\mathbf{M}=1-8$</tex>":[81],".":[82,125],"time":[88],"about":[90],"21":[91],"clock":[92],"cycles":[93],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$({@}\\mathbf{N}/\\mathbf{M}=11/3)$</tex>":[96],"operates":[98],"over":[99],"range":[102],"1\u20134":[104],"GHz.":[105],"It":[106],"peak-to-peak":[109],"(p-p)":[110],"jitter":[111],"17":[113],"ps":[114],"consumes":[116],"5.04":[117],"mW":[118],"at":[119],"1.16":[120],"GHz":[121],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$(\\mathbf{N}/\\mathbf{M}=5/3)$</tex>":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}