{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387191485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iceed59801.2023.10264039","title":"E-Learning Challenges and Opportunities in West Africa During COVID-19 Pandemic","display_name":"E-Learning Challenges and Opportunities in West Africa During COVID-19 Pandemic","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387191485","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iceed59801.2023.10264039"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iceed59801.2023.10264039","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceed59801.2023.10264039","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 12th International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024063171","display_name":"Essohanam Djeki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7301-3919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123509","display_name":"Institute of Mathematics and Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/035seyp42","country_code":"BJ","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123509"]}],"countries":["BJ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Essohanam Djeki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Mathématiques et de Sciences Physiques,Porto-Novo,Benin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Mathématiques et de Sciences Physiques,Porto-Novo,Benin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123509"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084013880","display_name":"Jules D\u00e9gila","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4688-9178"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123509","display_name":"Institute of Mathematics and Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/035seyp42","country_code":"BJ","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123509"]}],"countries":["BJ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jules D\u00e9gila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Mathématiques et de Sciences Physiques,Porto-Novo,Benin"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Mathématiques et de Sciences Physiques,Porto-Novo,Benin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123509"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074486024","display_name":"Muhtar Hanif Alhassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5710-1521"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52605992","display_name":"National Open University of Nigeria","ror":"https://ror.org/009tveq15","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52605992"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhtar Hanif Alhassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN),Abuja,Nigeria","National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN), Abuja, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN),Abuja,Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52605992"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN), Abuja, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52605992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29559748,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"159","last_page":"164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10168","display_name":"COVID-19 and Mental Health","score":0.9736999869346619,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10168","display_name":"COVID-19 and Mental Health","score":0.9736999869346619,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14182","display_name":"Technology-Enhanced Education Studies","score":0.9660999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14496","display_name":"Educational Technology and E-Learning","score":0.9363999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.7188149690628052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.6302034258842468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.5571053624153137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-and-communications-technology","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","score":0.5549356937408447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/e-learning","display_name":"E learning","score":0.5431690216064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.5373041033744812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distance-education","display_name":"Distance education","score":0.5223356485366821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5075470209121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.47665005922317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-learning","display_name":"Online learning","score":0.45816993713378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.448402464389801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-access","display_name":"Internet access","score":0.426127552986145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developing-country","display_name":"Developing country","score":0.4164865016937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.35274094343185425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.24916115403175354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.23635318875312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.23248830437660217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.19638603925704956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.18824630975723267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.1831563115119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.15161997079849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.10613399744033813}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.7188149690628052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6302034258842468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.5571053624153137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67363961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5268834","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","level":2,"score":0.5549356937408447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984567223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"E learning","level":3,"score":0.5431690216064453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.5373041033744812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C503872463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159595","display_name":"Distance education","level":2,"score":0.5223356485366821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5075470209121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.47665005922317505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986087404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15946010","display_name":"Online learning","level":2,"score":0.45816993713378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.448402464389801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83849155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472399","display_name":"Internet access","level":3,"score":0.426127552986145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.4164865016937256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.35274094343185425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.24916115403175354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.23635318875312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23248830437660217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.19638603925704956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.18824630975723267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.1831563115119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15161997079849243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.10613399744033813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iceed59801.2023.10264039","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceed59801.2023.10264039","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 12th International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313932","display_name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05q3vnk25"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326791","display_name":"Agence Fran\u00e7aise de D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/04tqhj682"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973090211","https://openalex.org/W2128138869","https://openalex.org/W2275096554","https://openalex.org/W3028076230","https://openalex.org/W3028198239","https://openalex.org/W3102454677","https://openalex.org/W3116302296","https://openalex.org/W3116337248","https://openalex.org/W3158635138","https://openalex.org/W3172089006","https://openalex.org/W3196094895","https://openalex.org/W3200007844","https://openalex.org/W3207129312","https://openalex.org/W3214203049","https://openalex.org/W4206402193","https://openalex.org/W4220721677","https://openalex.org/W4220989505","https://openalex.org/W4253161181","https://openalex.org/W4288737797","https://openalex.org/W4296345563","https://openalex.org/W4308555881","https://openalex.org/W4311277384","https://openalex.org/W6802927687"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2353933111","https://openalex.org/W2593304799","https://openalex.org/W2187475246","https://openalex.org/W2790605517","https://openalex.org/W2018736768","https://openalex.org/W615691981","https://openalex.org/W239536828","https://openalex.org/W1544921548","https://openalex.org/W2352353202","https://openalex.org/W4249928221"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"COVID-19":[0,26,97],"drastically":[1],"changed":[2],"our":[3],"lifestyle,":[4],"and":[5,44,54,93,103,116,122,128,138,146,148,167,171,183],"education":[6,190],"has":[7,16,41],"been":[8],"one":[9],"of":[10,164,187],"the":[11,25,96,185],"major":[12],"areas":[13],"disrupted.":[14],"E-learning":[15],"quickly":[17],"become":[18],"an":[19,67],"essential":[20],"tool":[21],"for":[22,57],"universities":[23],"during":[24,95,133],"lockdown.":[27],"However,":[28],"though":[29],"e-learning":[30,51],"shows":[31],"massive":[32],"adoption,":[33],"this":[34],"new":[35],"learning":[36,112],"approach":[37,65],"in":[38,189],"developing":[39],"countries":[40],"some":[42],"pros":[43],"cons.":[45],"This":[46,60],"paper":[47],"aims":[48],"to":[49,100,143,160,176,191],"highlight":[50,155],"challenges,":[52],"opportunities":[53],"potential":[55],"avenues":[56],"its":[58,161,168,181],"improvement.":[59],"study":[61],"uses":[62],"a":[63,82],"quantitative":[64],"through":[66],"online":[68,86,111,134],"survey.":[69],"It":[70,173],"included":[71],"1653":[72],"respondents":[73],"from":[74,194],"West":[75],"African":[76],"countries.":[77],"The":[78,126,151],"survey":[79],"analysis":[80],"revealed":[81],"general":[83],"agreement":[84],"that":[85],"courses":[87,135],"are":[88,136],"particularly":[89],"relevant,":[90],"useful,":[91],"helpful,":[92],"indispensable":[94],"outbreak":[98],"due":[99,159],"their":[101],"location":[102],"time":[104],"flexibility,":[105],"with":[106],"49.22%":[107],"satisfaction":[108],"feedback.":[109],"Moreover,":[110],"provides":[113],"rapid,":[114],"convenient,":[115],"comfortable":[117],"education,":[118],"solves":[119],"distance":[120],"problems":[121],"reduces":[123],"transportation":[124],"expenses.":[125],"challenges":[127],"difficulties":[129],"raised":[130],"by":[131],"students":[132],"technology":[137],"socio-economic":[139],"issues,":[140],"i.e.,":[141],"related":[142],"Internet":[144,157,178],"quality":[145,163],"cost,":[147],"ICT":[149],"skills.":[150],"greatest":[152],"challenge":[153],"learners":[154],"is":[156,174],"issue,":[158],"poor":[162],"service":[165],"(QoS)":[166],"low":[169],"speed":[170],"bandwidth.":[172],"crucial":[175],"improve":[177],"QoS,":[179],"reduce":[180],"costs,":[182],"introduce":[184],"use":[186],"ICTs":[188],"fully":[192],"benefit":[193],"e-learning.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}