{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417169859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs66544.2025.11270545","title":"A Microbolometer-Based Time-to-First-Spike Pixel for Infrared Imaging","display_name":"A Microbolometer-Based Time-to-First-Spike Pixel for Infrared Imaging","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417169859","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs66544.2025.11270545"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icecs66544.2025.11270545","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs66544.2025.11270545","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 32nd IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114714109","display_name":"Ayoub Talbi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ayoub Talbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes,CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), TIMA,Grenoble,France,F-38000"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes,CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), TIMA,Grenoble,France,F-38000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038428972","display_name":"Laurent Fesquet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6045-8510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurent Fesquet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes,CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), TIMA,Grenoble,France,F-38000"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes,CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), TIMA,Grenoble,France,F-38000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120734678","display_name":"Marco Passy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118531","display_name":"ORT France","ror":"https://ror.org/02e10zk80","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118531"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Passy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orioma,France,F-38430"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orioma,France,F-38430","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102827884","display_name":"Skandar Basrour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-7996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Skandar Basrour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes,CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), TIMA,Grenoble,France,F-38000"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes,CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), TIMA,Grenoble,France,F-38000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020894336","display_name":"Mohamed Akrarai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Akrarai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes,CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), TIMA,Grenoble,France,F-38000"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes,CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), TIMA,Grenoble,France,F-38000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120734679","display_name":"Mohammadreza Dolatpoor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammadreza Dolatpoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Grenoble Alpes,CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), TIMA,Grenoble,France,F-38000"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes,CNRS, Grenoble INP (Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes), TIMA,Grenoble,France,F-38000","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I106785703"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114714109"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I899635006"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37751254,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11128","display_name":"Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials","score":0.49729999899864197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11128","display_name":"Transition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials","score":0.49729999899864197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.10859999805688858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.0763000026345253,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbolometer","display_name":"Microbolometer","score":0.9354000091552734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.8338000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromorphic-engineering","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","score":0.7560999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dot-pitch","display_name":"Dot pitch","score":0.5113999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shutter","display_name":"Shutter","score":0.5058000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bolometer","display_name":"Bolometer","score":0.45969998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-sensor","display_name":"Image sensor","score":0.45570001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrared","display_name":"Infrared","score":0.44929999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subpixel-rendering","display_name":"Subpixel rendering","score":0.4309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.41100001335144043}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776111576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q495462","display_name":"Microbolometer","level":4,"score":0.9354000091552734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.8338000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151927369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981312","display_name":"Neuromorphic engineering","level":3,"score":0.7560999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179813606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2032861","display_name":"Dot pitch","level":3,"score":0.5113999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776871301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q691823","display_name":"Shutter","level":2,"score":0.5058000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4661000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21028948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852212","display_name":"Bolometer","level":3,"score":0.45969998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.45570001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158355884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Infrared","level":2,"score":0.44929999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68516990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q452912","display_name":"Subpixel rendering","level":3,"score":0.4309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.37779998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.3765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18645525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369469","display_name":"Digital micromirror device","level":2,"score":0.37310001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.36809998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.36480000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137488568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5321","display_name":"Resistor","level":3,"score":0.3619000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.35040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781390188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25203449","display_name":"Spike (software development)","level":2,"score":0.3425999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.33959999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33899998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.32910001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.32580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.32170000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96566525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7805282","display_name":"Time delay and integration","level":2,"score":0.31040000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152213855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189880","display_name":"Charge-coupled device","level":2,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.30889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.29660001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112416745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974213","display_name":"Digital imaging","level":5,"score":0.28769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.28060001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.27790001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779795794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315343","display_name":"Reset (finance)","level":2,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20254490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719550","display_name":"Biasing","level":3,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23125352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210765","display_name":"Photodetector","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79518650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081431","display_name":"Integrator","level":3,"score":0.26019999384880066}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icecs66544.2025.11270545","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs66544.2025.11270545","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 32nd IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05534291v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05534291","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922461","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEELink","raw_type":"Conference papers"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1639195893","https://openalex.org/W2110958380","https://openalex.org/W2114291424","https://openalex.org/W2515527655","https://openalex.org/W4206266717","https://openalex.org/W4322771355"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,94,173],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,21,43,51,152],"first":[4],"implementation":[5],"of":[6,23],"a":[7,56,64,77,81,86,90,120,130,134,139,144,176],"Time-to-First-Spike":[8],"(TFS)":[9],"pixel":[10,137],"based":[11,29],"on":[12,30,160],"an":[13,161],"uncooled":[14],"microbolometer":[15,52],"for":[16],"infrared":[17],"(IR)":[18],"imaging.":[19],"To":[20,116],"best":[22],"our":[24],"knowledge,":[25],"no":[26],"TFS":[27,37,132,136],"pixels":[28,38,108],"thermal":[31,186],"sensors":[32,183],"have":[33,39],"been":[34,40],"demonstrated,":[35],"while":[36],"explored":[41],"in":[42,126],"visible":[44],"spectrum":[45],"using":[46,80],"photodiodes.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49,118],"work,":[50],"is":[53,61,74],"modeled":[54],"as":[55,76,107],"temperature-dependent":[57],"resistor":[58],"whose":[59],"voltage":[60,141],"compared":[62],"against":[63],"reference":[65],"ramp.":[66],"The":[67,148],"crossing":[68],"time,":[69],"which":[70],"varies":[71],"with":[72,166],"temperature,":[73],"captured":[75],"digital":[78,87],"spike":[79,114],"C-element":[82],"and":[83,102,143,154,169,184],"converted":[84],"to":[85,110,163],"signal":[88],"via":[89],"Time-to-Digital":[91],"Converter":[92],"(TDC).":[93],"temporally":[95],"encoded":[96],"scheme":[97],"enables":[98],"efficient,":[99],"event-driven":[100],"readout":[101,149],"naturally":[103],"suppresses":[104],"spatial":[105],"redundancy,":[106],"responding":[109],"similar":[111],"IR":[112,182],"radiation":[113],"simultaneously.":[115],"validate":[117],"approach,":[119],"proof-of-concept":[121],"(PoC)":[122],"testchip":[123],"was":[124],"designed":[125],"130nm":[127],"CMOS,":[128],"integrating":[129],"single":[131],"pixel,":[133],"3\u00d73":[135],"array,":[138],"ramp":[140],"generator,":[142],"bias":[145],"current":[146],"source.":[147],"circuitry,":[150],"including":[151],"TDC":[153],"control":[155],"logic,":[156],"will":[157],"be":[158],"implemented":[159],"FPGA":[162],"support":[164],"experimentation":[165],"both":[167],"global":[168],"rolling":[170],"shutter":[171],"strategies.":[172],"work":[174],"opens":[175],"new":[177],"path":[178],"toward":[179],"low-power,":[180],"event-based":[181],"neuromorphic":[185],"imaging":[187],"systems.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-12-09T00:00:00"}