{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2995857400","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs46596.2019.8964717","title":"Energy Efficiency Optimization of FPGA-based CNN Accelerators with Full Data Reuse and VFS","display_name":"Energy Efficiency Optimization of FPGA-based CNN Accelerators with Full Data Reuse and VFS","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2995857400","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs46596.2019.8964717","mag":"2995857400"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icecs46596.2019.8964717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs46596.2019.8964717","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 26th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082264078","display_name":"Weixiong Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6014-6453"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Weixiong Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Science Technology, Shanghaitech University,Shanghai,China","School of Information and Science Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Science Technology, Shanghaitech University,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Science Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009559278","display_name":"Heng Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0305-2135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13591777","display_name":"University of Nottingham Ningbo China","ror":"https://ror.org/03y4dt428","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13591777","https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heng Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China,Ningbo,China","School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China,Ningbo,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13591777"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068162402","display_name":"Xinzhe Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7557-4960"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinzhe Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Science Technology, Shanghaitech University,Shanghai,China","School of Information and Science Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Science Technology, Shanghaitech University,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Science Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084305618","display_name":"Yajun Ha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4244-5916"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I30809798","display_name":"ShanghaiTech University","ror":"https://ror.org/030bhh786","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yajun Ha","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Science Technology, Shanghaitech University,Shanghai,China","School of Information and Science Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Science Technology, Shanghaitech University,Shanghai,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Science Technology, Shanghaitech University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082264078"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I30809798"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3037,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61907196,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"446","last_page":"449"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8494958877563477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.780197262763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5987741947174072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5774753093719482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5466145277023315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loop-unrolling","display_name":"Loop unrolling","score":0.5399797558784485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4853748083114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.4842643141746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.47995617985725403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reuse","display_name":"Reuse","score":0.4798026382923126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-on-a-chip","display_name":"System on a chip","score":0.45207974314689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.4180160462856293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.38330039381980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3268522024154663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12938475608825684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.11362212896347046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08842906355857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07926484942436218}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8494958877563477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.780197262763977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5987741947174072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5774753093719482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5466145277023315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76970557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1869750","display_name":"Loop unrolling","level":3,"score":0.5399797558784485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4853748083114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.4842643141746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.47995617985725403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.4798026382923126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118021083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q610398","display_name":"System on a chip","level":2,"score":0.45207974314689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4180160462856293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.38330039381980896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3268522024154663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12938475608825684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.11362212896347046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08842906355857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07926484942436218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icecs46596.2019.8964717","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs46596.2019.8964717","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 26th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.nottingham.ac.uk:60004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402013","display_name":"Nottingham ePrints (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1830929998","https://openalex.org/W2071362124","https://openalex.org/W2276486856","https://openalex.org/W2583383421","https://openalex.org/W2584311934","https://openalex.org/W2616014673","https://openalex.org/W2622603622","https://openalex.org/W2627042741","https://openalex.org/W2887936511","https://openalex.org/W2899915146"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148967747","https://openalex.org/W4256534760","https://openalex.org/W3008658471","https://openalex.org/W2133860611","https://openalex.org/W1986517065","https://openalex.org/W2996717348","https://openalex.org/W2101300176","https://openalex.org/W2522016274","https://openalex.org/W582278231","https://openalex.org/W2496519511"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"FPGA":[1],"has":[2],"been":[3],"recognized":[4],"as":[5],"a":[6,56,82,128],"promising":[7],"platform":[8,154],"to":[9,29,32,61,145],"accelerate":[10],"Convolutional":[11],"Neural":[12],"Networks":[13],"(CNNs)":[14],"in":[15],"embedded":[16],"computing":[17],"given":[18],"its":[19,34],"high":[20],"flexibility":[21],"and":[22,43,55,100,111,155],"power":[23,42,68,124,135],"efficiency,":[24],"two":[25],"challenges":[26],"still":[27,50],"have":[28],"be":[30,149],"addressed":[31],"enhance":[33],"applicability":[35],"on":[36,74],"the":[37,41,46,64,93,120,134,139],"edge-computing":[38],"paradigm.":[39],"First,":[40],"performance":[44],"of":[45,92,119,138],"CNN":[47,85,121],"accelerator":[48,86,122],"are":[49,71],"bounded":[51],"by":[52],"memory":[53],"throughput,":[54],"CNN-customized":[57],"architecture":[58,87],"is":[59],"desirable":[60],"fully":[62,132],"utilize":[63],"on-chip":[65,94],"storage.":[66],"Second,":[67],"optimization":[69],"algorithms":[70],"insufficiently":[72],"explored":[73],"CNN-targeted":[75],"platforms.":[76],"In":[77],"this":[78],"paper,":[79],"we":[80],"design":[81],"novel":[83],"FPGA-based":[84,109],"that":[88,116,131],"makes":[89],"full":[90],"use":[91],"storage":[95],"resources":[96],"leveraging":[97],"data":[98],"reuse":[99],"loop":[101],"unrolling":[102],"strategies.":[103],"We":[104,126],"also":[105],"present":[106],"an":[107],"efficient":[108],"voltage":[110],"frequency":[112],"scaling":[113],"(VFS)":[114],"system":[115],"enables":[117],"VFS":[118,129,153],"for":[123],"optimization.":[125],"devise":[127],"policy":[130],"exploits":[133],"efficiency":[136],"potential":[137],"FPGA.":[140],"Experiment":[141],"results":[142],"show":[143],"up":[144],"40%":[146],"energy":[147],"can":[148],"saved":[150],"with":[151],"our":[152],"policy.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
