{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2786604785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs.2017.8292049","title":"An energy-efficient FPGA-based matrix multiplier","display_name":"An energy-efficient FPGA-based matrix multiplier","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2786604785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs.2017.8292049","mag":"2786604785"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icecs.2017.8292049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs.2017.8292049","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 24th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052903922","display_name":"Yiyu Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3566-4507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129730","display_name":"RIKEN Center for Computational Science","ror":"https://ror.org/03r519674","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110652","https://openalex.org/I4210129730"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yiyu Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science, Chuo-ku Kobe, Hyogo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science, Chuo-ku Kobe, Hyogo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129730"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086152822","display_name":"Toshiyuki Imamura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1601-9710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129730","display_name":"RIKEN Center for Computational Science","ror":"https://ror.org/03r519674","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110652","https://openalex.org/I4210129730"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toshiyuki Imamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science, Chuo-ku Kobe, Hyogo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science, Chuo-ku Kobe, Hyogo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129730"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052903922"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129730"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6759,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71389451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"514","last_page":"517"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flops","display_name":"FLOPS","score":0.8908558487892151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7517749071121216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplier","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","score":0.7019529342651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.6757438778877258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.6423553228378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floating-point","display_name":"Floating point","score":0.564749538898468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-multiplication","display_name":"Matrix multiplication","score":0.533595860004425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/double-precision-floating-point-format","display_name":"Double-precision floating-point format","score":0.48181286454200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.45360079407691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.45275282859802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-precision-floating-point-format","display_name":"Single-precision floating-point format","score":0.4368857443332672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplication","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","score":0.41757044196128845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.30874645709991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2615357041358948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11167225241661072}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3826847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188768","display_name":"FLOPS","level":2,"score":0.8908558487892151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7517749071121216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124584101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053266","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","level":2,"score":0.7019529342651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.6757438778877258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.6423553228378296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84211073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117879","display_name":"Floating point","level":2,"score":0.564749538898468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17349429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049914","display_name":"Matrix multiplication","level":3,"score":0.533595860004425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35912277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1243369","display_name":"Double-precision floating-point format","level":3,"score":0.48181286454200745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.45360079407691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.45275282859802246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133095886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307173","display_name":"Single-precision floating-point format","level":3,"score":0.4368857443332672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.41757044196128845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.30874645709991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2615357041358948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11167225241661072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icecs.2017.8292049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs.2017.8292049","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 24th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1582059966","https://openalex.org/W1995812446","https://openalex.org/W2020704575","https://openalex.org/W2023965391","https://openalex.org/W2056882228","https://openalex.org/W2061624656","https://openalex.org/W2073510583","https://openalex.org/W2107356030","https://openalex.org/W2132367502","https://openalex.org/W2133156997","https://openalex.org/W2474119684","https://openalex.org/W2542189141","https://openalex.org/W2575866180","https://openalex.org/W4239385313","https://openalex.org/W4249774071","https://openalex.org/W4256629673","https://openalex.org/W6720547715"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3150370983","https://openalex.org/W2239119680","https://openalex.org/W1564887326","https://openalex.org/W3215589575","https://openalex.org/W2116803521","https://openalex.org/W3150959508","https://openalex.org/W1861262881","https://openalex.org/W4302004660","https://openalex.org/W2156524298","https://openalex.org/W2550374317"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Matrix":[0],"multiplication":[1],"is":[2,37,51,66],"a":[3,103],"fundamental":[4],"operation":[5],"of":[6],"numerical":[7],"linear":[8],"algebra,":[9],"and":[10,20,31,39,63,83,93,110],"applied":[11],"widely":[12],"in":[13,80,86],"high":[14],"performance":[15],"computing":[16,29],"to":[17,53],"solve":[18],"scientific":[19],"engineering":[21],"problems.":[22],"It":[23],"requires":[24],"computer":[25],"systems":[26],"have":[27],"huge":[28],"capacity":[30],"data":[32,58,81],"throughputs":[33],"as":[34],"problem":[35],"size":[36],"increased,":[38],"consumes":[40],"much":[41],"more":[42],"power.":[43],"In":[44],"this":[45],"research,":[46],"an":[47,111],"OpenCL-based":[48],"matrix":[49,64,69],"multiplier":[50,70],"presented":[52],"improve":[54],"energy":[55,87],"efficiency.":[56],"When":[57],"are":[59,90],"single":[60],"precision":[61],"floating-point,":[62],"dimension":[65],"16384\u00d716384,":[67],"the":[68,73,97],"implemented":[71],"by":[72],"FPGA":[74],"board":[75],"DE5a-NET":[76],"achieves":[77],"240.34":[78],"GFLOPs":[79],"throughput":[82],"19.64":[84],"GFLOPs/W":[85],"efficiency,":[88],"which":[89],"296":[91],"times":[92,95],"1964":[94],"over":[96],"software":[98],"simulation":[99],"carried":[100],"out":[101],"on":[102],"PC":[104],"with":[105],"32":[106],"GB":[107],"DDR4":[108],"RAMs":[109],"AMD":[112],"processor":[113],"Ryzen":[114],"7":[115],"1700":[116],"running":[117],"at":[118],"3.0":[119],"GHz,":[120],"respectively.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
