{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1965782730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs.2005.4633529","title":"A 20 MHz BP-PWM and BP-DSM Class-D PA in 0.18 \u03bcm CMOS","display_name":"A 20 MHz BP-PWM and BP-DSM Class-D PA in 0.18 \u03bcm CMOS","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1965782730","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs.2005.4633529","mag":"1965782730"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icecs.2005.4633529","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs.2005.4633529","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2005 12th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020181355","display_name":"J. Sommarek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32943570","display_name":"Helsinki Institute for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kph4940","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I32943570","https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Johan Sommarek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, PB 3000, 02015 HUT, Esbo, Finland","[Electron. Circuit Design Lab., Helsinki Univ. of Technol., Espoo]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, PB 3000, 02015 HUT, Esbo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32943570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Electron. Circuit Design Lab., Helsinki Univ. of Technol., Espoo]","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008512766","display_name":"Ville Saari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-7783"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32943570","display_name":"Helsinki Institute for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kph4940","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I32943570","https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ville Saari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, PB 3000, 02015 HUT, Esbo, Finland","[Electron. Circuit Design Lab., Helsinki Univ. of Technol., Espoo]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, PB 3000, 02015 HUT, Esbo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32943570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Electron. Circuit Design Lab., Helsinki Univ. of Technol., Espoo]","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004586160","display_name":"J. Lindeberg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32943570","display_name":"Helsinki Institute for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kph4940","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I32943570","https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonne Lindeberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, PB 3000, 02015 HUT, Esbo, Finland","[Electron. Circuit Design Lab., Helsinki Univ. of Technol., Espoo]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, PB 3000, 02015 HUT, Esbo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32943570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Electron. Circuit Design Lab., Helsinki Univ. of Technol., Espoo]","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049235493","display_name":"Jouko Vankka","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32943570","display_name":"Helsinki Institute for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kph4940","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I32943570","https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jouko Vankka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, PB 3000, 02015 HUT, Esbo, Finland","[Electron. Circuit Design Lab., Helsinki Univ. of Technol., Espoo]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, PB 3000, 02015 HUT, Esbo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32943570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Electron. Circuit Design Lab., Helsinki Univ. of Technol., Espoo]","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066316803","display_name":"K. Halonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4385-9689"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32943570","display_name":"Helsinki Institute for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05kph4940","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I32943570","https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kari Halonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, PB 3000, 02015 HUT, Esbo, Finland","[Electron. Circuit Design Lab., Helsinki Univ. of Technol., Espoo]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Circuit Design Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, PB 3000, 02015 HUT, Esbo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32943570"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Electron. Circuit Design Lab., Helsinki Univ. of Technol., Espoo]","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020181355"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32943570"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09894081,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/band-pass-filter","display_name":"Band-pass filter","score":0.7797667980194092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-sigma-modulation","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","score":0.7275818586349487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.6339167356491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6191393733024597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-width-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","score":0.6133700013160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5326921939849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4881466329097748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-amplifier","display_name":"Operational amplifier","score":0.4523046314716339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.40380239486694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3648862838745117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3618786334991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.11142140626907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.07554164528846741}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147788027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2718101","display_name":"Band-pass filter","level":2,"score":0.7797667980194092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68754193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184820","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","level":3,"score":0.7275818586349487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.6339167356491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6191393733024597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92746544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585184","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","level":3,"score":0.6133700013160706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5326921939849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4881466329097748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145366948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178947","display_name":"Operational amplifier","level":4,"score":0.4523046314716339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.40380239486694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3648862838745117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3618786334991455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.11142140626907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.07554164528846741}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icecs.2005.4633529","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecs.2005.4633529","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2005 12th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1494685099","https://openalex.org/W1500391319","https://openalex.org/W1531446014","https://openalex.org/W1890465585","https://openalex.org/W2064872149","https://openalex.org/W2072836905","https://openalex.org/W2139566100","https://openalex.org/W2142608304","https://openalex.org/W2158396011","https://openalex.org/W2402794149","https://openalex.org/W2567170144","https://openalex.org/W3217202068","https://openalex.org/W6630081223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2184095645","https://openalex.org/W2626140079","https://openalex.org/W2581992951","https://openalex.org/W2607226425","https://openalex.org/W1986723831","https://openalex.org/W1505172496","https://openalex.org/W1580145734","https://openalex.org/W2107360438","https://openalex.org/W4206483773","https://openalex.org/W2119405290"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,56,72,84],"Class-D":[4,67],"power":[5],"amplifier":[6,63,68],"for":[7],"bandpass":[8,14,42,79],"pulse":[9,43,50],"width":[10,44,51],"modulated":[11,16,45],"(BP-PWM)":[12],"and":[13,77],"delta-sigma":[15],"(BP-DSM)":[17],"signals":[18],"at":[19],"20":[20],"MHz.":[21],"A":[22,47],"1-bit":[23],"6-th":[24],"order":[25],"topology":[26],"is":[27,35,53],"used":[28,36,54],"in":[29,37],"the":[30,38,41,66,78],"DeltaSigma-modulator.":[31],"Integral":[32],"noise":[33,59],"shaping":[34],"generation":[39],"of":[40,65,83],"signal.":[46],"two":[48],"sided":[49],"modulation":[52],"with":[55,89],"6-bit":[57],"4th-order":[58],"shaper.":[60],"The":[61],"push-pull":[62],"part":[64],"was":[69,81],"fabricated":[70],"on":[71],"0.18":[73],"mum":[74],"CMOS":[75],"process":[76],"filter":[80],"composed":[82],"LC":[85],"ladder":[86],"network":[87],"realised":[88],"discrete":[90],"components.":[91]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
