{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7152472371","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11471928","title":"A Review of Active Building Blocks for Analog Filter Implementation","display_name":"A Review of Active Building Blocks for Analog Filter Implementation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7152472371","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11471928"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11471928","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11471928","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 5th International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016093262","display_name":"Jaya Nidhi Vashishtha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191972202","display_name":"Amity University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n9z0v62","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126505","display_name":"Amity University","ror":"https://ror.org/02exxtn84","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191972202","https://openalex.org/I4210126505"]}],"countries":["AE","IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jaya Nidhi Vashishtha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amity University,Amity School of Engineering &amp; Technology,Greater Noida,Uttar Pradesh,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amity University,Amity School of Engineering &amp; Technology,Greater Noida,Uttar Pradesh,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126505","https://openalex.org/I191972202"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085443636","display_name":"Gaurav Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3254-8797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191972202","display_name":"Amity University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n9z0v62","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191972202"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126505","display_name":"Amity University","ror":"https://ror.org/02exxtn84","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191972202","https://openalex.org/I4210126505"]}],"countries":["AE","IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaurav Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amity University,Amity Polytechnic,Greater Noida,Uttar Pradesh,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amity University,Amity Polytechnic,Greater Noida,Uttar Pradesh,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191972202","https://openalex.org/I4210126505"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053938428","display_name":"Praveen Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5456-9671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166533956","display_name":"Institute of Management Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05k0kb696","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166533956"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Praveen Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["KIET Group of Institutions,Department. of ECE,Ghaziabad,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KIET Group of Institutions,Department. of ECE,Ghaziabad,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166533956"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016093262"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191972202","https://openalex.org/I4210126505"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74988454,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.18310000002384186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11034","display_name":"Digital Filter Design and Implementation","score":0.18310000002384186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.10509999841451645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.07699999958276749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.42579999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-filter","display_name":"Active filter","score":0.3765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analogue-filter","display_name":"Analogue filter","score":0.34630000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-filter","display_name":"Digital filter","score":0.2985999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.28780001401901245}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5691999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.44600000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.42579999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85899133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557211","display_name":"Active filter","level":3,"score":0.3765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176046018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q359205","display_name":"Analogue filter","level":4,"score":0.34630000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36390408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163067","display_name":"Digital filter","level":3,"score":0.2985999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13412647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174948","display_name":"Analog signal","level":3,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102248274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168388","display_name":"Adaptive filter","level":2,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132237922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327754","display_name":"Electronic filter","level":3,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11471928","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet63943.2025.11471928","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 5th International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.49443989992141724,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992002243","https://openalex.org/W2011703733","https://openalex.org/W2020664983","https://openalex.org/W2034168349","https://openalex.org/W2050676600","https://openalex.org/W2054421999","https://openalex.org/W2055865878","https://openalex.org/W2079646965","https://openalex.org/W2083213974","https://openalex.org/W2098673207","https://openalex.org/W2133455111","https://openalex.org/W2147135417","https://openalex.org/W2924059708","https://openalex.org/W3160256478","https://openalex.org/W4408790503"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,92],"current-mode":[1,55],"techniques":[2],"gaining":[3],"prominence":[4],"for":[5,102],"analog":[6,39,103],"signal":[7],"processing":[8],"(ASP)":[9],"applications":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,36],"their":[13],"inherent":[14],"advantages":[15],"of":[16,52],"high":[17],"speed,":[18],"low":[19],"voltage":[20],"operation,":[21],"and":[22,50,86,100],"wide":[23],"bandwidth.":[24],"Various":[25],"active":[26],"building":[27],"blocks":[28],"(ABBs)":[29],"have":[30],"been":[31],"developed":[32],"over":[33],"the":[34,48],"years":[35],"implement":[37],"efficient":[38],"circuits,":[40],"particularly":[41],"in":[42],"filter":[43,104],"design.":[44,105],"This":[45],"review":[46],"explores":[47],"development":[49],"performance":[51,98],"several":[53],"key":[54],"ABBs,":[56],"including":[57],"Current":[58,63,70,78,87],"Conveyors":[59],"(CCs),":[60],"Differential":[61,76],"Voltage":[62,81],"Conveyor":[64,79],"(DVCC),":[65],"Operational":[66,89],"Transresistance":[67],"Amplifier":[68,73,84,90],"(OTRA),":[69],"Differencing":[71,82],"Transconductance":[72,83],"(CDTA),":[74],"Fully":[75],"Second-Generation":[77],"(FDCCII),":[80],"(VDTA),":[85],"Feedback":[88],"(CFOA).":[91],"paper":[93],"evaluates":[94],"these":[95],"blocks\u2019":[96],"characteristics,":[97],"metrics,":[99],"suitability":[101]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-11T06:13:24.991567","created_date":"2026-04-10T00:00:00"}
