{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391094781","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet58911.2023.10389420","title":"Techno-Economic and Environmental Analysis of the Integration of Renewable Energies in the Power Supply of BTS Sites Using the Optimization Method: The Case of Solar PV in Benin","display_name":"Techno-Economic and Environmental Analysis of the Integration of Renewable Energies in the Power Supply of BTS Sites Using the Optimization Method: The Case of Solar PV in Benin","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391094781","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet58911.2023.10389420"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icecet58911.2023.10389420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet58911.2023.10389420","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093760471","display_name":"Sylvain M. Tchike","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119417","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Abomey-Calavi","ror":"https://ror.org/03gzr6j88","country_code":"BJ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}],"countries":["BJ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sylvain M. Tchike","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004223741","display_name":"Victor Zogbochi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119417","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Abomey-Calavi","ror":"https://ror.org/03gzr6j88","country_code":"BJ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}],"countries":["BJ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Zogbochi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015906871","display_name":"Patrice Koffi Chetangny","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4540-8427"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119417","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Abomey-Calavi","ror":"https://ror.org/03gzr6j88","country_code":"BJ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}],"countries":["BJ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrice Koffi Chetangny","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093760472","display_name":"Hypolite J.H. Hounnou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119417","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Abomey-Calavi","ror":"https://ror.org/03gzr6j88","country_code":"BJ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}],"countries":["BJ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hypolite J.H. Hounnou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073413640","display_name":"Jacques Aredjodoun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119417","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Abomey-Calavi","ror":"https://ror.org/03gzr6j88","country_code":"BJ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}],"countries":["BJ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacques Aredjodoun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084114555","display_name":"Sossou Houndedako","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119417","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Abomey-Calavi","ror":"https://ror.org/03gzr6j88","country_code":"BJ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}],"countries":["BJ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sossou Houndedako","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016022935","display_name":"G\u00e9rald Barbier","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G\u00e9rald Barbier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Haute Alscase (UHA - ENSIA) Mulhouse,Laboratoire de Physique et M&#x00E9;canique Textiles (LPMT),Mulhouse,France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Haute Alscase (UHA - ENSIA) Mulhouse,Laboratoire de Physique et M&#x00E9;canique Textiles (LPMT),Mulhouse,France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112704312","display_name":"Didier Chamagne","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802759292","display_name":"Franche-Comt\u00e9 \u00c9lectronique M\u00e9canique Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/004fmxv66","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2802759292","https://openalex.org/I37553959","https://openalex.org/I4210095849","https://openalex.org/I4405256580","https://openalex.org/I53262699"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Didier Chamagne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; de Franche-Comt&#x00E9; CNRS, Institut FEMTO-ST,Belfort,France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; de Franche-Comt&#x00E9; CNRS, Institut FEMTO-ST,Belfort,France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802759292","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090421977","display_name":"Antoine Vianou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119417","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Abomey-Calavi","ror":"https://ror.org/03gzr6j88","country_code":"BJ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}],"countries":["BJ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antoine Vianou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire d&#x0027;Electrotechnique, de T&#x00E9;l&#x00E9;communication et d&#x0027;informatique Appliqu&#x00E9;e (LETIA),Abomey-Calavi,Benin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5093760471"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119417"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1499,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.39287478,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11336","display_name":"Energy and Environment Impacts","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11336","display_name":"Energy and Environment Impacts","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11007","display_name":"Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10768","display_name":"Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.8002580404281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.6903430223464966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid-parity","display_name":"Grid parity","score":0.6297450065612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-of-electricity-by-source","display_name":"Cost of electricity by source","score":0.6285701990127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6264199018478394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greenhouse-gas","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","score":0.5536624789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5035435557365417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid-connected-photovoltaic-power-system","display_name":"Grid-connected photovoltaic power system","score":0.48972848057746887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-engineering","display_name":"Environmental engineering","score":0.46541333198547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.4586924910545349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-pollution","display_name":"Environmental pollution","score":0.44845032691955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.43113386631011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net-present-value","display_name":"Net present value","score":0.4305300712585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.415914386510849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.32614779472351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2852376103401184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-generation","display_name":"Electricity generation","score":0.2828306257724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.23920214176177979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-power-point-tracking","display_name":"Maximum power point tracking","score":0.21369126439094543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production","display_name":"Production (economics)","score":0.14176735281944275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-protection","display_name":"Environmental protection","score":0.09098890423774719}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.8002580404281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.6903430223464966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186503672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q761847","display_name":"Grid parity","level":4,"score":0.6297450065612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5979214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126932","display_name":"Cost of electricity by source","level":4,"score":0.6285701990127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6264199018478394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.5536624789237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5035435557365417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195697387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5608561","display_name":"Grid-connected photovoltaic power system","level":5,"score":0.48972848057746887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.46541333198547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4586924910545349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909468537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734","display_name":"Environmental pollution","level":2,"score":0.44845032691955566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.43113386631011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181230689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192472","display_name":"Net present value","level":3,"score":0.4305300712585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.415914386510849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32614779472351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2852376103401184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.2828306257724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.23920214176177979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36139824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052007","display_name":"Maximum power point tracking","level":4,"score":0.21369126439094543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.14176735281944275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526734887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237","display_name":"Environmental protection","level":1,"score":0.09098890423774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11190779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664575","display_name":"Inverter","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icecet58911.2023.10389420","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icecet58911.2023.10389420","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies (ICECET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1791122790","https://openalex.org/W1903641456","https://openalex.org/W2155644505","https://openalex.org/W2479551579","https://openalex.org/W2589321457","https://openalex.org/W3150223578"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2113914369","https://openalex.org/W3125707644","https://openalex.org/W2963749216","https://openalex.org/W2804786171","https://openalex.org/W2168151019","https://openalex.org/W1907816522","https://openalex.org/W2945918170","https://openalex.org/W1996422752","https://openalex.org/W4281567769","https://openalex.org/W4377940569"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,108],"work":[1],"is":[2,27,56],"a":[3],"technical-economic":[4],"and":[5,32,52,69,89,118,143,167],"environmental":[6,93],"study":[7],"of":[8,11,20,36,78,87,92,98,105],"the":[9,16,30,60,76,84,90,96,102,128,133],"integration":[10,77,97],"solar":[12,63,80,99],"PV":[13],"energy":[14,81,100,106],"into":[15],"power":[17,37],"supply":[18,38],"systems":[19,39,88,142,166],"BTS":[21,41],"sites":[22,42],"in":[23,43,152],"Benin.":[24,44],"The":[25,150],"aim":[26],"to":[28,58,113,121,138,145,162,170],"minimize":[29],"costs":[31,68,86],"greenhouse":[33,153],"gas":[34,154],"emissions":[35,155],"for":[40,115,123,127,140,147,164,172],"Two":[45],"hybrid":[46],"system":[47],"configurations":[48],"are":[49,156],"studied:":[50],"PV/DG/Battery":[51],"PV/Grid/DG/Battery.":[53],"HOMER":[54],"software":[55],"used":[57],"simulate":[59],"systems,":[61,117],"considering":[62],"irradiation,":[64],"load":[65],"demand,":[66],"component":[67],"technical":[70],"specifications.":[71],"Simulation":[72],"results":[73],"showed":[74],"that":[75],"photovoltaic":[79],"considerably":[82],"reduces":[83],"economic":[85],"rate":[91],"pollution.":[94],"Indeed,":[95],"reduced":[101],"average":[103],"cost":[104],"(LCOE).":[107],"reduction":[109,134],"ranges":[110,135],"from":[111,119,136,160,168],"61.26%":[112],"67.77%":[114],"off-grid":[116],"40.27%":[120],"43.85%":[122],"on-grid":[124],"systems.":[125,149,174],"As":[126],"Net":[129],"Present":[130],"Cost":[131],"(NPC),":[132],"61.24%":[137],"67.71%":[139],"Off-Grid":[141,165],"26.77%":[144],"31.34%":[146],"On-Grid":[148,173],"savings":[151],"enormous.":[157],"They":[158],"range":[159],"94.49%":[161],"95.17%":[163],"94.35%":[169],"94.64%":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-02-27T16:54:17.756197","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
