{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2886540638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ice.2018.8436321","title":"A Distributed Control Architecture for a Loosely Coupled Virtual Power Plant","display_name":"A Distributed Control Architecture for a Loosely Coupled Virtual Power Plant","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2886540638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ice.2018.8436321","mag":"2886540638"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ice.2018.8436321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ice.2018.8436321","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021096099","display_name":"Florian Heimgaertner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Florian Heimgaertner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Communication Networks, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Communication Networks, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077083004","display_name":"Uwe Ziegler","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Uwe Ziegler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ingenieurbuero Ganssloser, Tuebingen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ingenieurbuero Ganssloser, Tuebingen, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002761969","display_name":"Bernd Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1624-0490"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57589565","display_name":"Reutlingen University","ror":"https://ror.org/00q644y50","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57589565"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernd Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Reutlingen University, Reutlingen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Reutlingen University, Reutlingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57589565"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066802567","display_name":"Michael Menth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3216-1015"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8087733","display_name":"University of T\u00fcbingen","ror":"https://ror.org/03a1kwz48","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Menth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Communication Networks, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Communication Networks, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021096099"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8087733"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.515,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67381903,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11185","display_name":"Integrated Energy Systems Optimization","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-power-plant","display_name":"Virtual power plant","score":0.8566333055496216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.6273233294487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/news-aggregator","display_name":"News aggregator","score":0.613142192363739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.6074430346488953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.582155168056488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5197548270225525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.4817966818809509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4609987735748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-generation","display_name":"Electricity generation","score":0.4535048007965088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.4354124069213867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.397386759519577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.3603360652923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.22707223892211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.21116268634796143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.15838193893432617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776033628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q785102","display_name":"Virtual power plant","level":4,"score":0.8566333055496216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.6273233294487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180505990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q498267","display_name":"News aggregator","level":2,"score":0.613142192363739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.6074430346488953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.582155168056488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5197548270225525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.4817966818809509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4609987735748291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.4535048007965088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.4354124069213867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.397386759519577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3603360652923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.22707223892211914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.21116268634796143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15838193893432617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ice.2018.8436321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ice.2018.8436321","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:opus.reutlingen-university.de:1985","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publikationen.reutlingen-university.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/1985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400499","display_name":"Reutlingen University Academic Bibliography (Reutlingen University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I57589565","host_organization_name":"Reutlingen University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57589565"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315072","display_name":"Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1664986634","https://openalex.org/W1708432661","https://openalex.org/W1907324708","https://openalex.org/W1976945900","https://openalex.org/W1978633301","https://openalex.org/W1997738354","https://openalex.org/W2017748170","https://openalex.org/W2026649765","https://openalex.org/W2036629583","https://openalex.org/W2043241354","https://openalex.org/W2095411820","https://openalex.org/W2106044708","https://openalex.org/W2106760283","https://openalex.org/W2155800909","https://openalex.org/W2183098354","https://openalex.org/W2233085856","https://openalex.org/W2239835736","https://openalex.org/W2266218113","https://openalex.org/W2307464031","https://openalex.org/W2403326884","https://openalex.org/W2439524909","https://openalex.org/W2487783365","https://openalex.org/W2514616914","https://openalex.org/W2555853637","https://openalex.org/W2572743288","https://openalex.org/W2623095310","https://openalex.org/W2791784182","https://openalex.org/W4210531213","https://openalex.org/W4301217393","https://openalex.org/W6675818824","https://openalex.org/W6685547657","https://openalex.org/W6712785336","https://openalex.org/W7074649702"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2120885393","https://openalex.org/W4389988953","https://openalex.org/W2013265284","https://openalex.org/W2751409584","https://openalex.org/W2150748417","https://openalex.org/W2981338881","https://openalex.org/W2007208597","https://openalex.org/W3107013062","https://openalex.org/W2546709070","https://openalex.org/W2042050584"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"increasing":[1],"share":[2],"of":[3,13,30,64,72,85],"renewable":[4],"energy":[5,31,44,81],"with":[6,36,42],"volatile":[7],"production":[8],"results":[9],"in":[10],"higher":[11],"variability":[12],"prices":[14],"for":[15,22,52],"electrical":[16],"energy.":[17],"Optimized":[18],"operating":[19,74],"schedules,":[20],"e.g.,":[21],"industrial":[23],"units,":[24],"can":[25],"yield":[26],"a":[27,48],"considerable":[28],"reduction":[29],"costs":[32],"by":[33],"shifting":[34],"processes":[35],"high":[37],"power":[38,54],"consumption":[39],"to":[40,66],"times":[41],"low":[43],"prices.":[45],"We":[46],"present":[47],"distributed":[49],"control":[50,71],"architecture":[51],"virtual":[53],"plants":[55],"(VPPs)":[56],"where":[57],"VPP":[58],"participants":[59,87],"benefit":[60],"from":[61,90],"flexible":[62],"adaptation":[63],"schedules":[65],"price":[67],"forecasts":[68],"while":[69],"maintaining":[70],"their":[73],"schedule.":[75],"An":[76],"aggregator":[77],"trades":[78],"at":[79],"the":[80,86,98],"market":[82],"on":[83],"behalf":[84],"and":[88,93],"benefits":[89],"more":[91],"detailed":[92],"reliable":[94],"load":[95],"profiles":[96],"within":[97],"VPP.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}