{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3091663461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ice/itmc49519.2020.9198378","title":"Potentials and challenges of Smart Products and related business models","display_name":"Potentials and challenges of Smart Products and related business models","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3091663461","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ice/itmc49519.2020.9198378","mag":"3091663461"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ice/itmc49519.2020.9198378","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ice/itmc49519.2020.9198378","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100331950","display_name":"Wei Min Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5422-171X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Min Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin,Department for Machine Tools and Factory Management,Pascalstr. 8\u20139, Berlin,Germany,10587"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin,Department for Machine Tools and Factory Management,Pascalstr. 8\u20139, Berlin,Germany,10587","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024750570","display_name":"Pascal L\u00fcnnemann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0821-2310"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148503","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/045eg9c12","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148503","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pascal Lunnemann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology,Department for Virtual Product Creation,Pascalstr. 8\u20139, Berlin,Germany,10587"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology,Department for Virtual Product Creation,Pascalstr. 8\u20139, Berlin,Germany,10587","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148503"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079407523","display_name":"Antje Klemichen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5342-7073"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antje Klemichen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin,Department for Machine Tools and Factory Management,Pascalstr. 8\u20139, Berlin,Germany,10587"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin,Department for Machine Tools and Factory Management,Pascalstr. 8\u20139, Berlin,Germany,10587","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053704567","display_name":"Till Bl\u00fcher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9567-3157"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Till Bluher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin,Department for Machine Tools and Factory Management,Pascalstr. 8\u20139, Berlin,Germany,10587"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin,Department for Machine Tools and Factory Management,Pascalstr. 8\u20139, Berlin,Germany,10587","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022492596","display_name":"Rainer Stark","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2599-0130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148503","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/045eg9c12","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148503","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rainer Stark","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer-Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology,Department for Virtual Product Creation,Pascalstr. 8\u20139, Berlin,Germany,10587"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer-Institute for Production Systems and Design Technology,Department for Virtual Product Creation,Pascalstr. 8\u20139, Berlin,Germany,10587","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148503"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5495,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62407002,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11114","display_name":"Service and Product Innovation","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11114","display_name":"Service and Product Innovation","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12885","display_name":"Digital Innovation in Industries","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6335951089859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/portfolio","display_name":"Portfolio","score":0.623371958732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.5944309830665588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5939430594444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/german","display_name":"German","score":0.5912210941314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-model","display_name":"Business model","score":0.5597542524337769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.46080756187438965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.4544147253036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-4.0","display_name":"Industry 4.0","score":0.4250010550022125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.4130024313926697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.33176344633102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3284112215042114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.09289273619651794}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6335951089859009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780821815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5340806","display_name":"Portfolio","level":2,"score":0.623371958732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5944309830665588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5939430594444275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.5912210941314697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4216890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815823","display_name":"Business model","level":2,"score":0.5597542524337769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.46080756187438965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.4544147253036499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777986313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1661989","display_name":"Industry 4.0","level":2,"score":0.4250010550022125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.4130024313926697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.33176344633102417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3284112215042114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.09289273619651794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ice/itmc49519.2020.9198378","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ice/itmc49519.2020.9198378","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation (ICE/ITMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/409520","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/409520","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W468864","https://openalex.org/W143059322","https://openalex.org/W567031524","https://openalex.org/W1526512753","https://openalex.org/W1793135646","https://openalex.org/W2032285541","https://openalex.org/W2055786131","https://openalex.org/W2136715215","https://openalex.org/W2143622967","https://openalex.org/W2157364891","https://openalex.org/W2166856083","https://openalex.org/W2249775650","https://openalex.org/W2296353581","https://openalex.org/W2490819908","https://openalex.org/W2503684591","https://openalex.org/W2787058927","https://openalex.org/W2942865339","https://openalex.org/W2971642432","https://openalex.org/W3125593377","https://openalex.org/W4250342401","https://openalex.org/W6813133727"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2065387230","https://openalex.org/W2323937687","https://openalex.org/W648995381","https://openalex.org/W3033791384","https://openalex.org/W2141885522","https://openalex.org/W2776312268","https://openalex.org/W4246315097","https://openalex.org/W346029495","https://openalex.org/W3091406205","https://openalex.org/W2949550992"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smart":[0],"products":[1,22,69,89],"are":[2,55],"increasingly":[3],"penetrating":[4],"the":[5,24,33,47,59,78,85,106,118,121,134,150,181,189],"market.":[6],"They":[7],"extend":[8],"cyber-physical":[9],"systems":[10],"with":[11,117,141],"Internet-based":[12],"services":[13],"and":[14,19,40,64,90,149,163,188,191],"thus":[15],"enable":[16],"customer-specific":[17],"adaptations":[18],"updates":[20],"of":[21,49,62,80,87,129,136,145],"in":[23,70,95,158],"field.":[25],"For":[26],"industrial":[27,72],"companies,":[28],"smart":[29,68,88],"product":[30,38],"offering":[31],"bear":[32],"potential":[34],"to":[35,112,175,183],"expand":[36],"their":[37,42,96],"portfolios":[39],"increase":[41],"sales.":[43],"In":[44,98,171],"this":[45,99],"article,":[46],"results":[48,75],"a":[50,113,126,177],"survey":[51],"among":[52,131],"German":[53,71,81],"engineers":[54],"presented":[56],"that":[57,77,105],"evaluated":[58],"actual":[60],"state":[61],"adoption":[63],"future":[65,194],"expectations":[66,190],"regarding":[67,133],"companies.":[73],"The":[74],"show":[76],"majority":[79],"companies":[82,132,159],"have":[83],"recognized":[84],"potentials":[86,161],"also":[91,103],"introduced":[92],"such":[93],"offerings":[94],"portfolio.":[97],"context,":[100],"it":[101],"is":[102,125],"expected":[104],"product-related":[107],"usage":[108],"data":[109,147],"will":[110],"lead":[111],"more":[114],"individual":[115],"communication":[116],"customer.":[119],"On":[120],"other":[122],"hand,":[123],"there":[124,173],"high":[127],"degree":[128],"uncertainty":[130],"adaptation":[135],"new":[137,168],"business":[138,186],"models,":[139],"cooperation":[140],"an":[142],"increasing":[143],"number":[144],"partners,":[146],"management":[148],"necessary":[151],"technological":[152],"infrastructure.":[153],"These":[154],"uncertainties":[155],"can":[156],"result":[157],"leaving":[160],"unexploited":[162],"opening":[164],"up":[165],"opportunities":[166],"for":[167,193],"market":[169],"participants.":[170],"summary,":[172],"seems":[174],"be":[176],"remaining":[178],"gap":[179],"between":[180],"willingness":[182],"abandon":[184],"traditional":[185],"models":[187],"strategies":[192],"value":[195],"creation.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
