{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1489630313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icde.1987.7272423","title":"Tbt expert: A case study in integrating expert system technology with Computer Assisted instruction","display_name":"Tbt expert: A case study in integrating expert system technology with Computer Assisted instruction","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1489630313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icde.1987.7272423","mag":"1489630313"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icde.1987.7272423","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icde.1987.7272423","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1987 IEEE Third International Conference on Data Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043121653","display_name":"Phillip Crews","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210167330","display_name":"Biographics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01jtkws96","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210167330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Phillip Crews","raw_affiliation_strings":["HyperGraphics Corporation, 308 N. Carroll Blvd., Denton, Texas 76201, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HyperGraphics Corporation, 308 N. Carroll Blvd., Denton, Texas 76201, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167330"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043121653"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210167330"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07343502,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"556","last_page":"562"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9462000131607056,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blueprint","display_name":"Blueprint","score":0.8080324530601501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7631471157073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-system","display_name":"Expert system","score":0.7333856821060181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shell","display_name":"Shell (structure)","score":0.5873974561691284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-tutoring-system","display_name":"Intelligent tutoring system","score":0.5066767334938049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.48740747570991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.459879070520401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.45560401678085327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4323042035102844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-expert-system","display_name":"Legal expert system","score":0.4204924702644348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-architecture","display_name":"Systems architecture","score":0.41785597801208496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.379681795835495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3238251805305481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2466949224472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.20823127031326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15845569968223572}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155911762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422321","display_name":"Blueprint","level":2,"score":0.8080324530601501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7631471157073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58328972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184609","display_name":"Expert system","level":2,"score":0.7333856821060181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781052500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2230313","display_name":"Shell (structure)","level":2,"score":0.5873974561691284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779336797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3055492","display_name":"Intelligent tutoring system","level":2,"score":0.5066767334938049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.48740747570991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.459879070520401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.45560401678085327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4323042035102844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102600418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6517507","display_name":"Legal expert system","level":3,"score":0.4204924702644348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98025372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477538","display_name":"Systems architecture","level":3,"score":0.41785597801208496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.379681795835495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3238251805305481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2466949224472046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20823127031326294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15845569968223572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icde.1987.7272423","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icde.1987.7272423","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1987 IEEE Third International Conference on Data Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997434022","https://openalex.org/W2086973658","https://openalex.org/W2340440767"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186155471","https://openalex.org/W2369462779","https://openalex.org/W2743849214","https://openalex.org/W4248816988","https://openalex.org/W2289473054","https://openalex.org/W1752292405","https://openalex.org/W2395092600","https://openalex.org/W2911435924","https://openalex.org/W1498088200","https://openalex.org/W2393721744"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"objective":[1],"of":[2,15,56],"an":[3,58,66,71],"Intelligent":[4],"Computer":[5],"Assisted":[6],"instruction":[7],"(ICAI)":[8],"system":[9,37,60,69,73],"is":[10],"the":[11,54,92,105],"development":[12],"and":[13,85,95],"delivery":[14],"instructional":[16],"materials":[17],"that":[18,34],"analyze":[19],"a":[20,47,102],"student's":[21],"performance":[22],"in":[23,42],"order":[24],"to":[25,46],"formulate":[26],"individualized":[27],"tutoring":[28],"strategies.":[29],"Successful":[30],"experimental":[31],"ICAI":[32,59],"systems":[33],"employ":[35],"expert":[36,72],"reasoning":[38],"have":[39],"generated":[40],"interest":[41],"providing":[43],"this":[44],"technology":[45],"broader":[48],"user":[49],"base.":[50],"This":[51],"paper":[52],"presents":[53],"architecture":[55,94],"such":[57,77],"which":[61,98],"was":[62],"developed":[63],"by":[64],"integrating":[65],"existing":[67],"authoring":[68],"with":[70],"shell.":[74],"Design":[75],"issues":[76],"as":[78,90,101],"procedural":[79],"versus":[80],"non-procedural":[81],"control,":[82],"data":[83],"sharing,":[84],"course":[86],"organization":[87],"are":[88,91],"described":[89],"conceptual":[93],"student/teacher":[96],"paradigm":[97],"were":[99],"used":[100],"blueprint":[103],"for":[104],"system.":[106]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}