{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2167023455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icde.1986.7266254","title":"The Time Warp mechanism for database concurrency control","display_name":"The Time Warp mechanism for database concurrency control","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2167023455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icde.1986.7266254","mag":"2167023455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icde.1986.7266254","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icde.1986.7266254","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1986 IEEE Second International Conference on Data Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029383059","display_name":"David Jefferson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3991-6038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D. Jefferson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of California - Los Angeles"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of California - Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112625473","display_name":"A. Motro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Motro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Southern California"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Southern California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029383059"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5171,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73980946,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"474","last_page":"481"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rollback","display_name":"Rollback","score":0.907382607460022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8522419929504395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrency-control","display_name":"Concurrency control","score":0.7640872001647949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-concurrency-control","display_name":"Distributed concurrency control","score":0.7199602127075195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-lock-concurrency-control","display_name":"Non-lock concurrency control","score":0.7129285335540771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiversion-concurrency-control","display_name":"Multiversion concurrency control","score":0.6832458972930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimistic-concurrency-control","display_name":"Optimistic concurrency control","score":0.6311392784118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrency","display_name":"Concurrency","score":0.56043940782547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-database","display_name":"Distributed database","score":0.529516875743866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-theory","display_name":"Database theory","score":0.5263648629188538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.517162024974823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.5162815451622009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exception-handling","display_name":"Exception handling","score":0.5091516375541687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.491506427526474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timestamp-based-concurrency-control","display_name":"Timestamp-based concurrency control","score":0.48093077540397644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serializability","display_name":"Serializability","score":0.4583981931209564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.44534438848495483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.36009693145751953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3383902907371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-design","display_name":"Database design","score":0.28466302156448364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transaction-processing","display_name":"Transaction processing","score":0.2344146966934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-transaction","display_name":"Distributed transaction","score":0.16157382726669312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174220543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395307","display_name":"Rollback","level":3,"score":0.907382607460022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8522419929504395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84511453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914952","display_name":"Concurrency control","level":3,"score":0.7640872001647949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C208087996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283142","display_name":"Distributed concurrency control","level":4,"score":0.7199602127075195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61912525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7048952","display_name":"Non-lock concurrency control","level":5,"score":0.7129285335540771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108744092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93695","display_name":"Multiversion concurrency control","level":5,"score":0.6832458972930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79240183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779327","display_name":"Optimistic concurrency control","level":5,"score":0.6311392784118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193702766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414548","display_name":"Concurrency","level":2,"score":0.56043940782547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70061542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989016","display_name":"Distributed database","level":2,"score":0.529516875743866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12439846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4809258","display_name":"Database theory","level":3,"score":0.5263648629188538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.517162024974823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.5162815451622009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145428669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471748","display_name":"Exception handling","level":2,"score":0.5091516375541687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.491506427526474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35819235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186868","display_name":"Timestamp-based concurrency control","level":5,"score":0.48093077540397644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191558696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137712","display_name":"Serializability","level":5,"score":0.4583981931209564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.44534438848495483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.36009693145751953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3383902907371521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148840519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049878","display_name":"Database design","level":2,"score":0.28466302156448364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72108876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844565","display_name":"Transaction processing","level":3,"score":0.2344146966934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25185021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4053284","display_name":"Distributed transaction","level":4,"score":0.16157382726669312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icde.1986.7266254","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icde.1986.7266254","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"1986 IEEE Second International Conference on Data Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512486699","https://openalex.org/W1963979953","https://openalex.org/W1991199257","https://openalex.org/W1993505169","https://openalex.org/W2076627572","https://openalex.org/W2133386065","https://openalex.org/W2138709157","https://openalex.org/W2435606122","https://openalex.org/W3143338349"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2083731697","https://openalex.org/W2088566435","https://openalex.org/W2907808821","https://openalex.org/W2002748598","https://openalex.org/W3006329082","https://openalex.org/W1974150465","https://openalex.org/W2974602222","https://openalex.org/W2090518017","https://openalex.org/W206282721","https://openalex.org/W2167023455"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3],"introduce":[4],"the":[5,36,44,50],"Time":[6],"Warp":[7],"mechanism":[8],"as":[9,32,49],"a":[10,26],"new":[11],"method":[12],"for":[13,53],"concurrency":[14],"control":[15],"in":[16],"distributed":[17],"database":[18],"systems.":[19],"Its":[20],"major":[21],"distinguishing":[22],"features":[23],"are":[24],"first,":[25],"unification":[27],"of":[28,35,40,46,56],"transactions":[29],"and":[30,42],"data":[31],"two":[33],"forms":[34],"more":[37],"general":[38],"notion":[39],"object,":[41],"second,":[43],"use":[45],"object":[47],"rollback":[48],"fundamental":[51],"tool":[52],"synchronization":[54],"instead":[55],"blocking":[57],"or":[58],"abortion.":[59]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
