{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2169096710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2015.7333833","title":"Segmentation-free pattern spotting in historical document images","display_name":"Segmentation-free pattern spotting in historical document images","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2169096710","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2015.7333833","mag":"2169096710"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icdar.2015.7333833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2015.7333833","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006028215","display_name":"Sovann En","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62396329","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/03nhjew95","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sovann En","raw_affiliation_strings":["LITIS, University of Rouen Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LITIS, University of Rouen Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010409710","display_name":"Caroline Petitjean","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0013-5370"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62396329","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/03nhjew95","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caroline Petitjean","raw_affiliation_strings":["LITIS, University of Rouen Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LITIS, University of Rouen Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059213449","display_name":"St\u00e9phane Nicolas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0758-9930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62396329","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/03nhjew95","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephane Nicolas","raw_affiliation_strings":["LITIS, University of Rouen Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LITIS, University of Rouen Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007251630","display_name":"Laurent Heutte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4740-9770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62396329","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/03nhjew95","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurent Heutte","raw_affiliation_strings":["LITIS, University of Rouen Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LITIS, University of Rouen Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006028215"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8349465,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80219868,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"606","last_page":"610"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spotting","display_name":"Spotting","score":0.9310638904571533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.85677170753479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5871906280517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sliding-window-protocol","display_name":"Sliding window protocol","score":0.5825285911560059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keyword-spotting","display_name":"Keyword spotting","score":0.5399816632270813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5395575761795044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5178004503250122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.5162999033927917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-segmentation","display_name":"Text segmentation","score":0.47996997833251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4449208676815033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44190019369125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/window","display_name":"Window (computing)","score":0.42535579204559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.4239733815193176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3059234917163849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.13014358282089233}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779506182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7580141","display_name":"Spotting","level":2,"score":0.9310638904571533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.85677170753479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5871906280517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102392041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592860","display_name":"Sliding window protocol","level":3,"score":0.5825285911560059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781213101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398558","display_name":"Keyword spotting","level":2,"score":0.5399816632270813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5395575761795044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5178004503250122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5162999033927917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98501671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1948408","display_name":"Text segmentation","level":3,"score":0.47996997833251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4449208676815033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44190019369125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.42535579204559326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4239733815193176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3059234917163849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.13014358282089233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icdar.2015.7333833","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2015.7333833","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1606495911","https://openalex.org/W1932188282","https://openalex.org/W1963885141","https://openalex.org/W1984309565","https://openalex.org/W1985812642","https://openalex.org/W2005173844","https://openalex.org/W2026954728","https://openalex.org/W2050138027","https://openalex.org/W2062510230","https://openalex.org/W2062755747","https://openalex.org/W2064387154","https://openalex.org/W2074489476","https://openalex.org/W2113201641","https://openalex.org/W2114662620","https://openalex.org/W2115711965","https://openalex.org/W2141152990","https://openalex.org/W2157588520","https://openalex.org/W6636336030"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2918559346","https://openalex.org/W2114097550","https://openalex.org/W4286904253","https://openalex.org/W3119978414","https://openalex.org/W2516975559","https://openalex.org/W2545741539","https://openalex.org/W3206647229","https://openalex.org/W1969408022","https://openalex.org/W2000885660","https://openalex.org/W2117995638"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pattern":[0],"spotting":[1,26,37],"consists":[2],"of":[3,13,49,72,94],"retrieving":[4],"the":[5,18,40,47,65,73,91],"most":[6,74],"similar":[7],"graphical":[8],"patterns":[9],"from":[10],"a":[11,43,108],"collection":[12],"document":[14],"images.":[15],"Inspired":[16],"by":[17,97],"recent":[19,75],"advances":[20],"in":[21,30,107],"computer":[22],"vision":[23],"and":[24,78,84,100],"word":[25,51],"techniques,":[27],"we":[28],"propose":[29],"this":[31],"paper":[32],"an":[33,54],"unsupervised,":[34],"segmentation-free":[35],"pattern":[36],"system.":[38],"Overall,":[39],"system":[41,69],"includes":[42],"powerful":[44,76],"patch-based":[45],"framework,":[46],"bag":[48],"visual":[50],"model":[52],"with":[53],"offline":[55],"sliding":[56,98],"window":[57],"mechanism":[58],"to":[59,88,102],"avoid":[60],"heavy":[61],"computational":[62],"burden":[63],"during":[64],"retrieval":[66],"process.":[67],"Our":[68],"takes":[70],"advantage":[71],"compression":[77],"distance":[79,86],"approximation":[80],"techniques":[81],"(product":[82],"quantization":[83],"asymmetric":[85],"computation)":[87],"efficiently":[89],"index":[90],"great":[92],"number":[93],"sub-windows":[95],"produced":[96],"windows":[99],"allows":[101],"retrieve":[103],"small":[104],"sized":[105],"queries":[106],"large":[109],"indexed":[110],"corpus.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}