{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2149123178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2007.4378755","title":"Automatic Ground-truth Generation for Document Image Analysis and Understanding","display_name":"Automatic Ground-truth Generation for Document Image Analysis and Understanding","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2149123178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2007.4378755","mag":"2149123178"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icdar.2007.4378755","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2007.4378755","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215987","display_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition","issn_l":"1520-5363","issn":["1520-5363","2379-2140"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012852063","display_name":"Pierre H\u00e9roux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3509-2609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62396329","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/03nhjew95","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. Heroux","raw_affiliation_strings":["LITIS, Universit\u00e9 de Rouen, Etienne du Rouvray, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LITIS, Universit\u00e9 de Rouen, Etienne du Rouvray, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057904164","display_name":"Eugen Barbu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62396329","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/03nhjew95","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Barbu","raw_affiliation_strings":["LITIS, Universit\u00e9 de Rouen, Etienne du Rouvray, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LITIS, Universit\u00e9 de Rouen, Etienne du Rouvray, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063944469","display_name":"S\u00e9bastien Adam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5259-5056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62396329","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/03nhjew95","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Adam","raw_affiliation_strings":["LITIS, Universit\u00e9 de Rouen, Etienne du Rouvray, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LITIS, Universit\u00e9 de Rouen, Etienne du Rouvray, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039058716","display_name":"\u00c9ric Trupin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62396329","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/03nhjew95","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Trupin","raw_affiliation_strings":["LITIS, Universit\u00e9 de Rouen, Etienne du Rouvray, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LITIS, Universit\u00e9 de Rouen, Etienne du Rouvray, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012852063"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7614,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82443182,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"476","last_page":"480"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.7803192138671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7770133018493652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6867302656173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.6011335849761963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5954541563987732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-image-processing","display_name":"Document image processing","score":0.4775867462158203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3995901346206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29569941759109497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.17992717027664185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.7803192138671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7770133018493652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6867302656173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6011335849761963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5954541563987732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988504005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q379942","display_name":"Document image processing","level":4,"score":0.4775867462158203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3995901346206665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29569941759109497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.17992717027664185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icdar.2007.4378755","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2007.4378755","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215987","display_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition","issn_l":"1520-5363","issn":["1520-5363","2379-2140"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.653.8360","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.653.8360","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/file/index/docid/440030/filename/AntidoteICDAR.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W68670080","https://openalex.org/W568447461","https://openalex.org/W1504548550","https://openalex.org/W1663315404","https://openalex.org/W1982687710","https://openalex.org/W1986635534","https://openalex.org/W2004820675","https://openalex.org/W2008355461","https://openalex.org/W2076902360","https://openalex.org/W2104206395","https://openalex.org/W2147986355","https://openalex.org/W2155332378","https://openalex.org/W4255319006","https://openalex.org/W6615922943","https://openalex.org/W6652548609"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4295532600","https://openalex.org/W2063823869","https://openalex.org/W2047973478","https://openalex.org/W2067569035","https://openalex.org/W2090985514","https://openalex.org/W2145649715","https://openalex.org/W2047313939","https://openalex.org/W2544967551","https://openalex.org/W2088281698","https://openalex.org/W1501373171"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Performance":[0],"evaluation":[1],"for":[2,30,46],"document":[3,15,52],"image":[4,16],"analysis":[5],"and":[6,54],"understanding":[7],"is":[8],"a":[9,34,38,60],"recurring":[10],"problem.":[11],"Many":[12],"ground-":[13],"truthed":[14],"databases":[17,26],"are":[18,27],"now":[19],"used":[20],"to":[21],"evaluate":[22],"algorithms,":[23],"but":[24],"these":[25],"less":[28],"useful":[29],"the":[31,47,71,74],"design":[32],"of":[33,50,62,67,73],"complete":[35],"system":[36],"in":[37],"precise":[39],"context.":[40],"This":[41],"paper":[42],"proposes":[43],"an":[44],"approach":[45,69],"automatic":[48],"generation":[49],"synthesised":[51],"images":[53],"associated":[55],"ground-truth":[56],"information":[57],"based":[58],"on":[59],"derivation":[61],"publishing":[63],"tools.":[64],"An":[65],"implementation":[66],"this":[68],"illustrates":[70],"richness":[72],"produced":[75],"information.":[76]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T13:04:00.132906","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}