{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2002816147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2007.4377050","title":"A Data Mining Approach to Reading Order Detection","display_name":"A Data Mining Approach to Reading Order Detection","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2002816147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2007.4377050","mag":"2002816147"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icdar.2007.4377050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2007.4377050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215987","display_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition","issn_l":"1520-5363","issn":["1520-5363","2379-2140"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007) Vol 2","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073750332","display_name":"Michelangelo Ceci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6690-7583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","display_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","ror":"https://ror.org/027ynra39","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Ceci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica, University of Bari, Bari, Italy","University of Bari, Bari#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, University of Bari, Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bari, Bari#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041745569","display_name":"Margherita Berardi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","display_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","ror":"https://ror.org/027ynra39","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Berardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica, University of Bari, Bari, Italy","University of Bari, Bari#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, University of Bari, Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bari, Bari#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048521094","display_name":"Giacomo Porcelli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","display_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","ror":"https://ror.org/027ynra39","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Porcelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica, University of Bari, Bari, Italy","University of Bari, Bari#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, University of Bari, Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bari, Bari#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035789137","display_name":"Donato Malerba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8432-4608"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","display_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","ror":"https://ror.org/027ynra39","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Malerba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica, University of Bari, Bari, Italy","University of Bari, Bari#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica, University of Bari, Bari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bari, Bari#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073750332"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7563,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79190422,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"924","last_page":"928"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8566683530807495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5658739805221558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5593572854995728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5359516739845276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.5165635347366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5149253606796265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4938248097896576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-extraction","display_name":"Information extraction","score":0.48734626173973083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.45658132433891296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.45555955171585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4427661597728729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44195595383644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4307996928691864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3294471204280853}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8566683530807495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5658739805221558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5593572854995728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5359516739845276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5165635347366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5149253606796265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4938248097896576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195807954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662562","display_name":"Information extraction","level":2,"score":0.48734626173973083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.45658132433891296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.45555955171585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4427661597728729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44195595383644104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4307996928691864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3294471204280853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icdar.2007.4377050","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icdar.2007.4377050","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215987","display_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition","issn_l":"1520-5363","issn":["1520-5363","2379-2140"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ninth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2007) Vol 2","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ricerca.uniba.it:11586/136703","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11586/136703","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196296","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5561750","host_organization_name":"University of Bari Aldo Moro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5561750"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8079469","https://openalex.org/W102704617","https://openalex.org/W2015666461","https://openalex.org/W2051834357","https://openalex.org/W2117966585","https://openalex.org/W2133292911","https://openalex.org/W2134590793","https://openalex.org/W2140785063","https://openalex.org/W2142646165","https://openalex.org/W3023264106","https://openalex.org/W3101685505","https://openalex.org/W6600316486","https://openalex.org/W6604092412"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2357256365","https://openalex.org/W2348502264","https://openalex.org/W2365486383","https://openalex.org/W2362059367","https://openalex.org/W2350084742","https://openalex.org/W2943623134","https://openalex.org/W2494523064","https://openalex.org/W2901443725","https://openalex.org/W2357988862","https://openalex.org/W2215759665"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Determining":[0],"the":[1,23,57,65,73,78,88,93,108,122,126,129,136,149,155,176],"reading":[2,94],"order":[3,95],"for":[4,18,52,182],"layout":[5,35,97,132,166,190],"components":[6,36,98,133],"ex-":[7],"tracted":[8],"from":[9,30,113],"a":[10,15,26,102,114,145,165,171,197],"document":[11,200],"image":[12],"can":[13,161],"be":[14,162],"crucial":[16],"problem":[17],"several":[19],"applications.":[20],"It":[21,192],"enables":[22],"reconstruction":[24],"of":[25,45,75,91,96,116,121,128,131,189,199],"single":[27,185],"textual":[28],"element":[29],"texts":[31],"associated":[32,163],"to":[33,101,143,154,164],"multiple":[34,187],"and":[37,42,68],"makes":[38],"both":[39],"information":[40,140],"extraction":[41],"content-based":[43],"retrieval":[44],"documents":[46,76],"more":[47],"effective.":[48],"A":[49],"common":[50],"aspect":[51],"all":[53],"methods":[54],"reported":[55],"in":[56,157],"literature":[58],"is":[59,125,141,180],"that":[60],"they":[61],"strongly":[62],"depend":[63],"on":[64,175,196],"specific":[66,111],"domain":[67],"are":[69],"scarcely":[70],"reusable":[71],"when":[72],"classes":[74],"or":[77,186],"task":[79],"at":[80],"hand":[81],"changes.":[82],"In":[83],"this":[84],"paper,":[85],"we":[86],"investigate":[87],"prob-":[89],"lem":[90],"detecting":[92],"by":[99,135],"resorting":[100],"data":[103],"mining":[104],"approach":[105,151],"which":[106,158,179],"acquires":[107],"do-":[109],"main":[110],"knowledge":[112],"set":[115,198],"training":[117],"examples.":[118],"The":[119,168],"input":[120],"learning":[123],"method":[124,169],"description":[127],"\"chains\"":[130],"defined":[134],"user.":[137],"Only":[138],"spatial":[139],"exploited":[142],"describe":[144],"chain,":[146],"thus":[147],"making":[148],"proposed":[150],"also":[152],"applicable":[153],"cases":[156],"no":[159],"text":[160],"component.":[167],"induces":[170],"probabilistic":[172],"classifier":[173],"based":[174],"Bayesian":[177],"framework":[178],"used":[181],"reconstructing":[183],"either":[184],"chains":[188],"components.":[191],"has":[193],"been":[194],"evaluated":[195],"images.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}