{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3178788868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccworkshops50388.2021.9473641","title":"Secure Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted UAV Communication Networks","display_name":"Secure Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted UAV Communication Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3178788868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccworkshops50388.2021.9473641","mag":"3178788868"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccworkshops50388.2021.9473641","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccworkshops50388.2021.9473641","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033414728","display_name":"Junhao Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junhao Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Telecommunications Research, King\u2019s College London, London, UK","Centre for Telecommunications Research, King's College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Telecommunications Research, King\u2019s College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Telecommunications Research, King's College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066878475","display_name":"Zhaohui Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-589X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaohui Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Telecommunications Research, King\u2019s College London, London, UK","Centre for Telecommunications Research, King's College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Telecommunications Research, King\u2019s College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Telecommunications Research, King's College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004368871","display_name":"Nasreen Anjum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7126-2177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112819271","display_name":"Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University","ror":"https://ror.org/00s2rk252","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112819271"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nasreen Anjum","raw_affiliation_strings":["SBBWU, Peshawar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SBBWU, Peshawar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112819271"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037219972","display_name":"Ye Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9872-5461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101693946","display_name":"Hamid Asgari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9317-7045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093062","display_name":"Thales (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/00r8j9489","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093062","https://openalex.org/I4210140930"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Asgari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Thales Research Technology and Innovation, Reading, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Thales Research Technology and Innovation, Reading, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093062"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077634135","display_name":"Mohammad Shikh\u2010Bahaei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-7574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Shikh-Bahaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Telecommunications Research, King\u2019s College London, London, UK","Centre for Telecommunications Research, King's College London, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Telecommunications Research, King\u2019s College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Telecommunications Research, King's College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033414728"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5391,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89766308,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9347000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7752726674079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.7236271500587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.6488506197929382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.5402973890304565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.4571416974067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.4436119496822357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.41113582253456116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3872525990009308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1017555296421051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.07624319195747375}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7752726674079895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.7236271500587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6488506197929382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.5402973890304565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.4571416974067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.4436119496822357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.41113582253456116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3872525990009308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1017555296421051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.07624319195747375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccworkshops50388.2021.9473641","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccworkshops50388.2021.9473641","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.glos.ac.uk:11392","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.glos.ac.uk/11392/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400522","display_name":"Research Repository (University of Gloucestershire)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114203471","host_organization_name":"University of Gloucestershire","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114203471"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:publications/961478c4-46e8-402c-9173-434268346319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/961478c4-46e8-402c-9173-434268346319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fang, J, Yang, Z, Anjum, N, Hu, Y, Asgari, H & Shikh-Bahaei, M 2021, Secure Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted UAV Communication Networks. in 2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC Workshops 2021 - Proceedings., 9473641, 2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC Workshops 2021 - Proceedings, 2021 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC Workshops 2021, Virtual, Online, 14/06/2021. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops50388.2021.9473641","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3478098631","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P022723/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2031834036","https://openalex.org/W2050968963","https://openalex.org/W2082432933","https://openalex.org/W2206930994","https://openalex.org/W2467239853","https://openalex.org/W2523219060","https://openalex.org/W2558317272","https://openalex.org/W2604830243","https://openalex.org/W2761420876","https://openalex.org/W2795167939","https://openalex.org/W2799134332","https://openalex.org/W2891354184","https://openalex.org/W2912917423","https://openalex.org/W2921466771","https://openalex.org/W2945534522","https://openalex.org/W2950077417","https://openalex.org/W2953226670","https://openalex.org/W2962691117","https://openalex.org/W2979024988","https://openalex.org/W3011877056","https://openalex.org/W3041653465","https://openalex.org/W3098405735","https://openalex.org/W3122493329","https://openalex.org/W3158743991","https://openalex.org/W4213147678","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W6730149875","https://openalex.org/W6789057530"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2493929861","https://openalex.org/W2016567611","https://openalex.org/W2475541339","https://openalex.org/W565335793","https://openalex.org/W2363071176","https://openalex.org/W2107199751","https://openalex.org/W4243812570","https://openalex.org/W4300441478","https://openalex.org/W2062965938","https://openalex.org/W99756173"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,33,123],"communication":[1,47],"and":[2,14,28,37,45,88,113],"networking":[3],"system":[4,81],"with":[5,62,109,119],"intelligent":[6],"reflective":[7],"surface":[8],"(IRS)":[9],"can":[10,131],"effectively":[11],"improve":[12],"security":[13],"spectrum":[15],"efficiency.":[16],"Unmanned":[17],"Aerial":[18],"Vehicle":[19],"(UAV)":[20],"is":[21,39,56,73,101,107],"widely":[22],"used":[23],"to":[24,41,74],"increase":[25],"the":[26,31,59,76,80,85,92,104,114,128],"coverage":[27],"flexibility":[29],"of":[30,35,79,91],"network.":[32],"integration":[34],"IRS":[36,64],"UAV":[38,54,60,86,105,121],"expected":[40],"enable":[42],"flexible,":[43],"energy-efficient,":[44],"secure":[46],"networks.":[48],"In":[49],"this":[50,96],"paper,":[51],"an":[52,98],"IRS-assisted":[53],"network":[55],"considered,":[57],"where":[58,103],"equipped":[61],"one":[63],"serves":[65],"as":[66],"a":[67,133],"passive":[68],"relay.":[69],"Our":[70],"main":[71],"problem":[72],"maximize":[75],"secrecy":[77,135],"rate":[78],"through":[82],"jointly":[83],"optimizing":[84],"location":[87,106],"phase":[89,111,115],"shifts":[90,112,116],"IRS.":[93],"To":[94],"solve":[95],"problem,":[97],"iterative":[99],"algorithm":[100],"proposed,":[102],"optimized":[108,118],"fixed":[110],"are":[117],"updated":[120],"location.":[122],"numerical":[124],"results":[125],"show":[126],"that":[127],"proposed":[129],"design":[130],"achieve":[132],"good":[134],"performance.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
