{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2860501028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2018.8403677","title":"Blind Localization of Primary Users with Sectorial Antennas","display_name":"Blind Localization of Primary Users with Sectorial Antennas","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2860501028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2018.8403677","mag":"2860501028"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccw.2018.8403677","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2018.8403677","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Blind_Localization_of_Primary_Users_with_Sectorial_Antennas/27403950","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036069832","display_name":"Zhuyin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9199-2380"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhuyin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015467285","display_name":"Kagiso Magowe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6124-5050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kagiso Magowe","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005720550","display_name":"Andrea Giorgetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6341-3927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Giorgetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["DEI, University of Bologna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DEI, University of Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085279545","display_name":"Sithamparanathan Kandeepan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9388-9173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sithamparanathan Kandeepan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036069832"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5232,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67632859,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12879","display_name":"Distributed Sensor Networks and Detection Algorithms","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rss","display_name":"RSS","score":0.8029592037200928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6720162630081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-strength","display_name":"Signal strength","score":0.6396782398223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.6240004301071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.5887729525566101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.5055835247039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4964798092842102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centroid","display_name":"Centroid","score":0.49527207016944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.4911026954650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.46762615442276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4326508641242981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shadow-mapping","display_name":"Shadow mapping","score":0.4260062873363495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directional-antenna","display_name":"Directional antenna","score":0.42277294397354126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3838481307029724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3735981583595276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3589521646499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3194434940814972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.12820103764533997}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2385561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45432","display_name":"RSS","level":2,"score":0.8029592037200928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6720162630081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176808163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105794","display_name":"Signal strength","level":3,"score":0.6396782398223877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.6240004301071167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.5887729525566101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5055835247039795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4964798092842102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146599234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511093","display_name":"Centroid","level":2,"score":0.49527207016944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4911026954650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.46762615442276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4326508641242981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116544410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478122","display_name":"Shadow mapping","level":2,"score":0.4260062873363495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64671776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"Directional antenna","level":3,"score":0.42277294397354126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3838481307029724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3735981583595276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3589521646499634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3194434940814972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.12820103764533997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccw.2018.8403677","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2018.8403677","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.61RMIT_INST:11246761100001341","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCW.2018.8403677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402074","display_name":"RMIT Research Repository (RMIT University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","host_organization_name":"RMIT University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/674257","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11585/674257","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/27403950","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Blind_Localization_of_Primary_Users_with_Sectorial_Antennas/27403950","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/27403950","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/Blind_Localization_of_Primary_Users_with_Sectorial_Antennas/27403950","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W363214389","https://openalex.org/W1818612374","https://openalex.org/W1849327853","https://openalex.org/W2002286875","https://openalex.org/W2014477168","https://openalex.org/W2038946940","https://openalex.org/W2054692642","https://openalex.org/W2072833447","https://openalex.org/W2080725110","https://openalex.org/W2092260609","https://openalex.org/W2105982655","https://openalex.org/W2106892069","https://openalex.org/W2110532959","https://openalex.org/W2113678645","https://openalex.org/W2119362555","https://openalex.org/W2120296308","https://openalex.org/W2140607818","https://openalex.org/W2140855769","https://openalex.org/W2147584524","https://openalex.org/W2154023174","https://openalex.org/W2156668452","https://openalex.org/W2159846129","https://openalex.org/W2169536919","https://openalex.org/W2181954364","https://openalex.org/W2295793598","https://openalex.org/W2472948335","https://openalex.org/W2566346596","https://openalex.org/W2578927478","https://openalex.org/W2592145690","https://openalex.org/W2730531008","https://openalex.org/W2739967697","https://openalex.org/W2744366673","https://openalex.org/W2964060007","https://openalex.org/W3103263186","https://openalex.org/W4238162570","https://openalex.org/W6732704401"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162859609","https://openalex.org/W4200318234","https://openalex.org/W2022445516","https://openalex.org/W150547863","https://openalex.org/W1891938465","https://openalex.org/W1550605711","https://openalex.org/W2982532306","https://openalex.org/W1639914594","https://openalex.org/W2048360654","https://openalex.org/W2089197460"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,118,143],"essential":[2],"to":[3,25,53,120,124,145],"estimate":[4,125],"the":[5,12,73,79,88,91,103,111,122,126,138,160],"position":[6],"of":[7,15,72,78,90,110],"primary":[8],"users":[9,46],"(PUs)":[10],"for":[11,27],"further":[13],"development":[14],"cognitive":[16],"radio":[17],"(CR)":[18],"networks.":[19],"Great":[20],"efforts":[21],"have":[22],"been":[23],"done":[24],"seek":[26],"localization":[28,50,61,67,100],"algorithms":[29],"with":[30,44,152],"high":[31],"performance":[32],"but":[33],"low":[34],"computation.":[35],"In":[36,93],"a":[37,98,115,156],"CR":[38],"network,":[39],"PUs":[40],"do":[41],"not":[42,86],"cooperate":[43],"secondary":[45],"(SUs),":[47],"which":[48],"makes":[49],"challenging.":[51],"Due":[52],"this":[54,83,94],"feature,":[55],"received":[56,106],"signal":[57,104],"strength":[58,105],"(RSS)-":[59],"based":[60],"techniques,":[62],"such":[63],"as":[64],"weighted":[65],"centroid":[66],"(WCL)":[68],"can":[69],"be":[70],"one":[71],"best":[74],"candidates.":[75],"However,":[76],"most":[77],"existing":[80],"works":[81],"in":[82,159],"area":[84],"did":[85],"consider":[87],"directionality":[89],"antennas.":[92],"paper,":[95],"we":[96],"propose":[97],"blind":[99],"algorithm":[101],"using":[102],"by":[107],"different":[108],"sectors":[109,123],"SU":[112],"antenna.":[113],"Then":[114],"scoring":[116,130],"strategy":[117],"applied":[119],"all":[121],"PU":[127,146],"location.":[128],"Two":[129],"strategies":[131],"are":[132],"proposed.":[133],"Numerical":[134],"results":[135],"show":[136],"that":[137],"proposed":[139],"sectorial":[140],"antenna":[141],"technique":[142],"robust":[144],"locations":[147],"and":[148],"channel":[149],"conditions.":[150],"Compared":[151],"WCL,":[153],"it":[154],"offers":[155],"great":[157],"improvement":[158],"performance.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
