{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2872496072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2018.8403538","title":"Integrating Sparsity into Fulcrum Codes: Investigating Throughput, Complexity and Overhead","display_name":"Integrating Sparsity into Fulcrum Codes: Investigating Throughput, Complexity and Overhead","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2872496072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2018.8403538","mag":"2872496072"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccw.2018.8403538","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2018.8403538","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017444157","display_name":"Vu Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2137-2711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093367","display_name":"Deutsche Telekom (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00m8prc86","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093367"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vu Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Networks, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Networks, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093367","https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055051364","display_name":"Giang T. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-1537"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093367","display_name":"Deutsche Telekom (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00m8prc86","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093367"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giang T. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Networks, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Networks, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093367","https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090024234","display_name":"Frank Gabriel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7132-4123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093367","display_name":"Deutsche Telekom (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00m8prc86","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093367"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Gabriel","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Networks, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Networks, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093367","https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110828662","display_name":"Daniel E. Lucani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5325-8863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204337017","display_name":"Aarhus University","ror":"https://ror.org/01aj84f44","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel E. Lucani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204337017"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023936439","display_name":"Frank H. P. Fitzek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8469-9573"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093367","display_name":"Deutsche Telekom (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/00m8prc86","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093367"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank H. P. Fitzek","raw_affiliation_strings":["TU Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Networks, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Dresden, Deutsche Telekom Chair of Communication Networks, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093367","https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7788,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86529242,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6827","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8398615121841431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-network-coding","display_name":"Linear network coding","score":0.7014846205711365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.6941050887107849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6749482750892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.6742331385612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.6474401950836182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.5268142223358154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5180906653404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4755285084247589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.47257864475250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4570711553096771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.44825291633605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.41537076234817505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3765743374824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.34549272060394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.27290645241737366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11621421575546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.08920702338218689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07501301169395447}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8398615121841431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138293262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1089578","display_name":"Linear network coding","level":3,"score":0.7014846205711365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.6941050887107849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6749482750892639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.6742331385612488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.6474401950836182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.5268142223358154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5180906653404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4755285084247589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.47257864475250244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4570711553096771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.44825291633605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41537076234817505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3765743374824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.34549272060394287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.27290645241737366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11621421575546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.08920702338218689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07501301169395447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccw.2018.8403538","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccw.2018.8403538","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/1a5b41eb-2fd2-4dfb-abe4-5267122703db","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/1a5b41eb-2fd2-4dfb-abe4-5267122703db","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nguyen, VU, Nguyen, G T, Gabriel, F, Lucani R\u00f6tter, D E & H. P. Fitzek, F 2018, Integrating sparsity into Fulcrum codes: Investigating throughput, complexity and overhead. in 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC Workshops 2018 - Proceedings : Proceedings. IEEE, pp. 1-6, 2018 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, Kansas City, United States, 20/05/2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCW.2018.8403538","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W18993838","https://openalex.org/W1800337636","https://openalex.org/W1967368894","https://openalex.org/W2048235391","https://openalex.org/W2105831729","https://openalex.org/W2130350209","https://openalex.org/W2147885878","https://openalex.org/W2168760966","https://openalex.org/W2296125569","https://openalex.org/W2296600582","https://openalex.org/W4229922087","https://openalex.org/W4237064274","https://openalex.org/W4412317780","https://openalex.org/W6600749363"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2258031046","https://openalex.org/W2368824897","https://openalex.org/W2030775967","https://openalex.org/W1508050556","https://openalex.org/W1910862367","https://openalex.org/W2379365082","https://openalex.org/W2370747590","https://openalex.org/W2030109976","https://openalex.org/W2369260257","https://openalex.org/W2389120450"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Real-world":[0],"communication":[1,35,51],"systems":[2],"consist":[3],"of":[4,27,43,73,138,182],"heterogeneous":[5],"devices":[6],"and":[7,22,61,76,85,89,146,164,169],"network":[8,29,68],"nodes":[9,60,91],"with":[10],"diverse":[11],"computation":[12,97],"capabilities.":[13],"Even":[14],"though":[15],"it":[16,107],"can":[17,53],"improve":[18],"the":[19,25,50,64,82,99,130,136,183],"system's":[20],"throughput":[21],"end-to-end":[23,65],"delay,":[24],"use":[26],"a":[28,45,71,74,77,119,148,174],"code":[30],"such":[31],"as":[32],"RLNC":[33],"in":[34,81,142],"networks":[36],"may":[37],"be":[38],"inefficient.":[39],"The":[40],"coding":[41],"complexity":[42,116],"using":[44],"single":[46],"finite":[47,79],"field":[48,80,100],"along":[49],"path":[52],"become":[54],"too":[55],"computationally":[56],"demanding":[57],"for":[58,118],"some":[59],"eventually":[62],"degrade":[63],"performance.":[66],"Fulcrum":[67,144,160,187],"codes":[69,188],"employ":[70],"combination":[72],"large":[75],"small":[78],"encoding":[83,131,163],"process":[84],"subsequently":[86],"allows":[87],"intermediate":[88],"end":[90],"to":[92,104,112,134],"select,":[93],"depending":[94],"on":[95,180],"their":[96],"power,":[98],"size":[101],"they":[102],"want":[103],"operate.":[105],"However,":[106],"is":[108],"still":[109],"unclear":[110],"how":[111],"reduce":[113,135],"Fulcrum's":[114],"decoding":[115,165],"especially":[117],"high":[120],"generation":[121],"size.":[122],"In":[123],"this":[124],"paper,":[125],"we":[126],"integrate":[127],"sparsity":[128,157],"at":[129],"process,":[132],"meaning":[133],"number":[137],"non-zero":[139],"coefficients,":[140],"resulting":[141],"three":[143],"variations":[145],"conduct":[147],"thorough":[149],"performance":[150],"evaluation.":[151],"Our":[152],"simulation":[153],"results":[154],"show":[155],"that":[156],"significantly":[158],"improves":[159],"codes,":[161],"increasing":[162],"speeds":[166],"by":[167,186],"20x":[168],"1.8,":[170],"respectively,":[171],"while":[172],"maintaining":[173],"low":[175],"overhead.":[176],"This":[177],"gains":[178,184],"are":[179],"top":[181],"provided":[185],"over":[189],"RLNC.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}