{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2052152054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw.2011.6130510","title":"A face biometric benchmarking review and characterisation","display_name":"A face biometric benchmarking review and characterisation","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2052152054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw.2011.6130510","mag":"2052152054"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccvw.2011.6130510","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw.2011.6130510","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCV Workshops)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109156350","display_name":"Sandra Mau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Mau","raw_affiliation_strings":["NICTA, St Lucia, QLD, Australia","School of ITEE, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NICTA, St Lucia, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of ITEE, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047438253","display_name":"Farhad Dadgostar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farhad Dadgostar","raw_affiliation_strings":["NICTA, St Lucia, QLD, Australia","School of ITEE, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NICTA, St Lucia, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of ITEE, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046549195","display_name":"Ian Cullinan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian Cullinan","raw_affiliation_strings":["NICTA, St Lucia, QLD, Australia","School of ITEE, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NICTA, St Lucia, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of ITEE, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056816878","display_name":"Abbas Bigdeli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abbas Bigdeli","raw_affiliation_strings":["NICTA, St Lucia, QLD, Australia","School of ITEE, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NICTA, St Lucia, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of ITEE, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058539660","display_name":"Brian C. Lovell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6722-1754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42894916","display_name":"Data61","ror":"https://ror.org/03q397159","country_code":"AU","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1292875679","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I42894916","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian C. Lovell","raw_affiliation_strings":["NICTA, St Lucia, QLD, Australia","School of ITEE, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NICTA, St Lucia, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42894916"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of ITEE, University of Queensland, QLD, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109156350"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802","https://openalex.org/I42894916"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2614,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58160867,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"5558","issue":null,"first_page":"2120","last_page":"2127"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"Benchmarking","score":0.9776870012283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.8527379035949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7808201313018799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist","display_name":"NIST","score":0.7111322283744812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-recognition-system","display_name":"Facial recognition system","score":0.7102571129798889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.675987720489502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-recognition-grand-challenge","display_name":"Face Recognition Grand Challenge","score":0.6310538053512573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strengths-and-weaknesses","display_name":"Strengths and weaknesses","score":0.5467114448547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5279953479766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5125083923339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.502061128616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4431784152984619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.41506391763687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3444637060165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.1374523937702179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face-detection","display_name":"Face detection","score":0.1308315396308899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10033911466598511}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.9776870012283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.8527379035949707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7808201313018799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.7111322283744812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31510193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192553","display_name":"Facial recognition system","level":3,"score":0.7102571129798889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.675987720489502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191070858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428343","display_name":"Face Recognition Grand Challenge","level":5,"score":0.6310538053512573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63882131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17122954","display_name":"Strengths and weaknesses","level":2,"score":0.5467114448547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5279953479766846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5125083923339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.502061128616333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4431784152984619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.41506391763687134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3444637060165405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.1374523937702179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4641261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11681085","display_name":"Face detection","level":4,"score":0.1308315396308899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10033911466598511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccvw.2011.6130510","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw.2011.6130510","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCV Workshops)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:espace.library.uq.edu.au:UQ:272233","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402388","display_name":"Queensland's institutional digital repository (The University of Queensland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","host_organization_name":"The University of Queensland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315885","display_name":"Australian Government","ror":"https://ror.org/0314h5y94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323600","display_name":"Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet","ror":"https://ror.org/01kjdwm51"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482998036","https://openalex.org/W1550005041","https://openalex.org/W1694389219","https://openalex.org/W1782590233","https://openalex.org/W1981707771","https://openalex.org/W2033419168","https://openalex.org/W2045506926","https://openalex.org/W2055492845","https://openalex.org/W2066316730","https://openalex.org/W2066986622","https://openalex.org/W2069165391","https://openalex.org/W2133295669","https://openalex.org/W2137659841","https://openalex.org/W2146824864","https://openalex.org/W2156131479","https://openalex.org/W2157920973","https://openalex.org/W2160933580","https://openalex.org/W2912990735","https://openalex.org/W3098027380"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2127800163","https://openalex.org/W2733844492","https://openalex.org/W3174021582","https://openalex.org/W2160958403","https://openalex.org/W2123335596","https://openalex.org/W3044338123","https://openalex.org/W2041367898","https://openalex.org/W63491089","https://openalex.org/W1605644108","https://openalex.org/W2918845005"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"order":[1],"to":[2,10,37,52,67,95,114],"advance":[3],"face":[4,61,84,120,138,147],"recognition":[5,62,121,139],"research,":[6],"algorithm":[7,140],"performance":[8,40,93,122,135],"has":[9],"be":[11],"measured":[12],"and":[13,20,33,41,57,79,92,118,127,142],"compared":[14],"using":[15],"a":[16,44,76,88,98,101,129,137,146],"range":[17],"of":[18,59,81,90,136,145],"metrics":[19,91],"operating":[21,125],"characteristics.":[22],"While":[23],"public":[24],"challenges":[25],"such":[26],"as":[27],"the":[28,55,60,134],"NIST-sponsored":[29],"FERET,":[30],"FRVT,":[31],"FRGC,":[32],"MBGC":[34],"are":[35,49],"helpful":[36],"gauge":[38],"comparative":[39],"improvement":[42],"for":[43,100,109],"particular":[45],"scenario,":[46],"they":[47],"typically":[48],"not":[50],"sufficient":[51],"fully":[53,116],"characterise":[54,117],"strengths":[56],"weaknesses":[58],"algorithm,":[63],"thus":[64],"researchers":[65],"need":[66],"do":[68],"additionally":[69],"benchmarking":[70,104,110],"independently.":[71],"This":[72],"paper":[73],"provides:":[74],"(1)":[75],"detailed":[77],"review":[78],"categorisation":[80],"publicly":[82],"available":[83],"biometrics":[85],"benchmarks;":[86],"(2)":[87],"discussion":[89],"factors":[94],"consider;":[96],"(3)":[97],"proposal":[99],"meta-face":[102],"biometric":[103],"regime":[105],"which":[106,132],"suggests":[107],"guidelines":[108],"across":[111,123],"multiple":[112],"datasets":[113],"more":[115],"quantify":[119],"various":[124],"characteristics;":[126],"(4)":[128],"sample":[130],"demonstration":[131],"compare":[133],"before":[141],"after":[143],"inclusion":[144],"quality":[148],"metric.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
