{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2086627757","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw.2011.6130451","title":"Detection-based multi-human tracking using a CRF model","display_name":"Detection-based multi-human tracking using a CRF model","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2086627757","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw.2011.6130451","mag":"2086627757"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccvw.2011.6130451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw.2011.6130451","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCV Workshops)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/192447","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081340943","display_name":"Alexandre Heili","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7495430","display_name":"Idiap Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05932h694","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexandre Heili","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland","\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100420548","display_name":"Cheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4203-2145"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7495430","display_name":"Idiap Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05932h694","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053358969","display_name":"Jean\u2010Marc Odobez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9537-9898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7495430","display_name":"Idiap Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05932h694","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Marc Odobez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland","\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Idiap Research Institute, Martigny, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7495430"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081340943"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864","https://openalex.org/I7495430"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0455,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8039248,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"1673","last_page":"1680"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-random-field","display_name":"Conditional random field","score":0.7711302638053894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-comparison","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","score":0.7446372509002686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7434909343719482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6863144040107727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5585913062095642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5201188325881958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sliding-window-protocol","display_name":"Sliding window protocol","score":0.5195305943489075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.5139186382293701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5052397847175598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4742147922515869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4705424904823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.4457055330276489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-association","display_name":"Data association","score":0.4198913872241974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3837985098361969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.36176300048828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/window","display_name":"Window (computing)","score":0.2596648335456848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1620890498161316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152565575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124538","display_name":"Conditional random field","level":2,"score":0.7711302638053894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.7446372509002686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7434909343719482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6863144040107727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5585913062095642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5201188325881958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102392041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q592860","display_name":"Sliding window protocol","level":3,"score":0.5195305943489075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.5139186382293701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5052397847175598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4742147922515869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4705424904823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.4457055330276489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983325608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084606","display_name":"Data association","level":3,"score":0.4198913872241974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3837985098361969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.36176300048828125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778751112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835016","display_name":"Window (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2596648335456848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1620890498161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccvw.2011.6130451","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw.2011.6130451","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCV Workshops)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.399.2507","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.399.2507","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.idiap.ch/~odobez/publications/HeiliChenOdobez-ICCV-VS-2011.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.650.2984","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.650.2984","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://publications.idiap.ch/downloads/papers/2011/Heili_ICCV-VS_2011.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.650.9875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.650.9875","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://publications.idiap.ch/downloads/papers/2011/Heili_VS2011_2011.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:192447","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/192447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:infoscience.epfl.ch:192447","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/192447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400487","display_name":"Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W149875582","https://openalex.org/W1483682675","https://openalex.org/W1766290689","https://openalex.org/W1995903777","https://openalex.org/W2016135469","https://openalex.org/W2016931466","https://openalex.org/W2020999234","https://openalex.org/W2096590953","https://openalex.org/W2111644456","https://openalex.org/W2113926057","https://openalex.org/W2115873261","https://openalex.org/W2119958205","https://openalex.org/W2122469558","https://openalex.org/W2124781496","https://openalex.org/W2127852267","https://openalex.org/W2134529534","https://openalex.org/W2134905085","https://openalex.org/W2141157598","https://openalex.org/W2147377836","https://openalex.org/W2150464218","https://openalex.org/W2166320821","https://openalex.org/W6606167827","https://openalex.org/W6637989529","https://openalex.org/W6676780830","https://openalex.org/W6678185843","https://openalex.org/W6681931261","https://openalex.org/W6682272468"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2356597680","https://openalex.org/W2093471820","https://openalex.org/W50079190","https://openalex.org/W2114846443","https://openalex.org/W3102147106","https://openalex.org/W2487162673","https://openalex.org/W2963336968","https://openalex.org/W2805329439","https://openalex.org/W2265978784","https://openalex.org/W2033608689"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,31],"surveillance":[1,146],"videos,":[2],"the":[3,52,61,65,110,161,165],"task":[4],"of":[5,10,105,116,160,164,169],"tracking":[6,42],"multiple":[7],"people":[8],"is":[9,14,131],"primary":[11],"importance":[12],"and":[13,39,94,140,155,168],"often":[15],"a":[16,36,44,80,100,103,124,134],"preliminary":[17],"step":[18],"before":[19],"applying":[20],"higher-level":[21],"algorithms,":[22],"e.g.":[23],"to":[24,28,60,109],"analyze":[25],"interactions":[26],"or":[27,113],"recognize":[29],"behaviors.":[30],"this":[32],"paper,":[33],"we":[34,78],"take":[35],"tracking-by-detection":[37],"approach":[38],"formulate":[40],"multi-person":[41],"as":[43],"statistical":[45],"data":[46],"association":[47],"problem":[48],"which":[49,57],"seeks":[50],"for":[51,91],"optimal":[53],"label":[54],"field":[55],"in":[56,123,158],"detections":[58,106],"belonging":[59],"same":[62,66,111],"person":[63,112],"have":[64],"label.":[67],"Specifically,":[68],"unlike":[69],"most":[70],"previous":[71],"works":[72],"that":[73,149],"rely":[74],"on":[75,143],"generative":[76],"approaches,":[77],"use":[79],"Conditional":[81],"Random":[82],"Field":[83],"(CRF)":[84],"model,":[85],"whose":[86],"pairwise":[87],"detection":[88],"factors,":[89],"defined":[90],"both":[92],"distance":[93],"color":[95],"features,":[96],"are":[97,121],"modeled":[98],"using":[99,133],"two-hypothesis":[101,118],"framework:":[102],"pair":[104],"corresponds":[107],"either":[108],"not.":[114],"Parameters":[115],"these":[117],"model":[119],"factors":[120],"learned":[122],"fully":[125],"unsupervised":[126],"way":[127],"from":[128],"data.":[129],"Optimization":[130],"conducted":[132],"deterministic":[135],"sliding":[136],"window":[137],"method.":[138],"Qualitative":[139],"quantitative":[141],"results":[142],"several":[144],"different":[145],"datasets":[147],"show":[148],"our":[150],"method":[151],"can":[152],"generate":[153],"robust":[154],"accurate":[156],"tracks":[157],"spite":[159],"noisy":[162],"output":[163],"human":[166],"detector":[167],"occlusions.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}