{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2108451171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2009.5459465","title":"Unsupervised learning of high-order structural semantics from images","display_name":"Unsupervised learning of high-order structural semantics from images","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2108451171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2009.5459465","mag":"2108451171"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccv.2009.5459465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2009.5459465","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024699570","display_name":"Jizhou Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jizhou Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments, University of Kentucky, USA","Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments University of Kentucky, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments, University of Kentucky, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments University of Kentucky, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101650923","display_name":"Yin Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2258-9787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yin Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments, University of Kentucky, USA","Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments University of Kentucky, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments, University of Kentucky, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments University of Kentucky, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021864206","display_name":"Jinze Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0692-8793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinze Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments, University of Kentucky, USA","Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments University of Kentucky, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments, University of Kentucky, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments University of Kentucky, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076524203","display_name":"Ruigang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5296-6307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruigang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments, University of Kentucky, USA","Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments University of Kentucky, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments, University of Kentucky, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments University of Kentucky, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2122","last_page":"2129"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.7879000902175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.678986668586731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-comparison","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","score":0.6598419547080994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5952349901199341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4821207523345947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4774251878261566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.46284717321395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.4535282254219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsupervised-learning","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","score":0.4452788829803467}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7879000902175903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.678986668586731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.6598419547080994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5952349901199341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4821207523345947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4774251878261566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.46284717321395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.4535282254219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.4452788829803467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccv.2009.5459465","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2009.5459465","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.148.8087","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.148.8087","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://vis.uky.edu/~gravity/publications/2009/PatternMining_ICCV09.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.310.3397","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.310.3397","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://vis.uky.edu/~gravity/Research/StructSemantics/Structural Semantics in Images_files/final.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6700000166893005}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W79784557","https://openalex.org/W1521461170","https://openalex.org/W1557370378","https://openalex.org/W1975001816","https://openalex.org/W2008615157","https://openalex.org/W2019827052","https://openalex.org/W2030536784","https://openalex.org/W2049344142","https://openalex.org/W2086984226","https://openalex.org/W2097482646","https://openalex.org/W2105488551","https://openalex.org/W2107892608","https://openalex.org/W2111141593","https://openalex.org/W2124666548","https://openalex.org/W2128017662","https://openalex.org/W2131846894","https://openalex.org/W2141362318","https://openalex.org/W2146307402","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2154422044","https://openalex.org/W2155904486","https://openalex.org/W2170726034","https://openalex.org/W4297792443","https://openalex.org/W6631281345","https://openalex.org/W6633289707","https://openalex.org/W6685146747"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2487162673","https://openalex.org/W2942366970","https://openalex.org/W2393699422","https://openalex.org/W2168037874","https://openalex.org/W2387268739","https://openalex.org/W2135728080","https://openalex.org/W2379546782","https://openalex.org/W2534443799","https://openalex.org/W2148968119","https://openalex.org/W2391460410"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Structural":[0],"semantics":[1,72,94,137],"are":[2,16,24,77,95,125,130,138,144],"fundamental":[3],"to":[4,13],"understanding":[5],"both":[6],"natural":[7],"and":[8,23,43,100],"man-made":[9],"objects":[10],"from":[11],"languages":[12],"buildings.":[14],"They":[15],"manifested":[17],"as":[18,46,48,97],"repeated":[19,30,163],"structures":[20],"or":[21],"patterns":[22,31,142,165],"often":[25],"captured":[26],"in":[27,32,38,53,68],"images.":[28],"Finding":[29],"images,":[33],"therefore,":[34],"has":[35],"important":[36],"applications":[37],"scene":[39],"understanding,":[40],"3D":[41],"reconstruction,":[42],"image":[44,49,170],"retrieval":[45],"well":[47],"compression.":[50],"Previous":[51],"approaches":[52],"visual-pattern":[54],"mining":[55,141],"limited":[56],"themselves":[57],"by":[58,80,140],"looking":[59],"for":[60,161],"frequently":[61],"co-occurring":[62],"features":[63,85],"within":[64],"a":[65,74,167],"small":[66],"neighborhood":[67],"an":[69],"image.":[70],"However,":[71],"of":[73,87,113,146,151,158,169],"visual":[75,98,114,152,164],"pattern":[76],"typically":[78],"defined":[79],"specific":[81],"spatial":[82,89],"relationships":[83,102,120],"between":[84,103],"regardless":[86],"the":[88,156],"proximity.":[90],"In":[91],"this":[92],"paper,":[93],"represented":[96],"elements":[99,115],"geometric":[101,119],"them.":[104],"A":[105],"novel":[106],"unsupervised":[107],"learning":[108],"algorithm":[109],"finds":[110],"pair-wise":[111],"associations":[112,150],"that":[116,143],"have":[117],"consistent":[118,149],"sufficiently":[121],"often.":[122],"The":[123],"algorithms":[124],"efficient":[126],"-":[127],"maximal":[128],"matchings":[129],"determined":[131],"without":[132],"combinatorial":[133],"search.":[134],"High-order":[135],"structural":[136],"extracted":[139],"composed":[145],"pairwise":[147],"spatially":[148],"elements.":[153],"We":[154],"demonstrate":[155],"effectiveness":[157],"our":[159],"approach":[160],"discovering":[162],"on":[166],"variety":[168],"collections.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}