{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2169956274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2009.5459306","title":"Efficient human pose estimation via parsing a tree structure based human model","display_name":"Efficient human pose estimation via parsing a tree structure based human model","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2169956274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2009.5459306","mag":"2169956274"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccv.2009.5459306","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2009.5459306","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100699785","display_name":"Xiaoqin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0958-7285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070644871","display_name":"Changcheng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7022-0947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changcheng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005997337","display_name":"Xiaofeng Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6789-1691"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofeng Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel China Research Center Limited, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel China Research Center Limited, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114549594","display_name":"Weiming Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9237-8825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiming Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112565878","display_name":"Steve Maybank","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98259816","display_name":"Birkbeck, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/02mb95055","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I98259816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steve Maybank","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Information Systems, Birkbeck College, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Information Systems, Birkbeck College, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98259816"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100391587","display_name":"Yimin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7673-8800"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yimin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel China Research Center Limited, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel China Research Center Limited, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100699785"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6246,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91316545,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1349","last_page":"1356"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.805943489074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6308146119117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pose","display_name":"Pose","score":0.5722230672836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.5431557893753052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5222219228744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain-monte-carlo","display_name":"Markov chain Monte Carlo","score":0.4870586693286896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.4821147918701172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.4813697934150696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-structure","display_name":"Tree structure","score":0.47194141149520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.4424183964729309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.43555986881256104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.43118321895599365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40045785903930664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3637137711048126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-structure","display_name":"Data structure","score":0.23947978019714355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1127132773399353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.09521067142486572}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.805943489074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6308146119117737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52102323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671968","display_name":"Pose","level":2,"score":0.5722230672836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.5431557893753052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5222219228744507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111350023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1191869","display_name":"Markov chain Monte Carlo","level":3,"score":0.4870586693286896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.4821147918701172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4813697934150696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163797641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2067937","display_name":"Tree structure","level":3,"score":0.47194141149520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.4424183964729309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.43555986881256104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.43118321895599365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40045785903930664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3637137711048126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.23947978019714355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1127132773399353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.09521067142486572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccv.2009.5459306","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2009.5459306","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE 12th International Conference on Computer Vision","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.666.9984","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.666.9984","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://nlpr-web.ia.ac.cn/2009papers/gjhy/gh50.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.bbk.ac.uk.oai2:5561","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/5561/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400466","display_name":"BIROn (Birkbeck, University of London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98259816","host_organization_name":"Birkbeck, University of London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98259816"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1490093365","https://openalex.org/W1551519658","https://openalex.org/W1604279133","https://openalex.org/W1986543644","https://openalex.org/W2018793343","https://openalex.org/W2030536784","https://openalex.org/W2057175746","https://openalex.org/W2098813977","https://openalex.org/W2101178587","https://openalex.org/W2102625004","https://openalex.org/W2104019579","https://openalex.org/W2105990640","https://openalex.org/W2106110775","https://openalex.org/W2106613787","https://openalex.org/W2119102184","https://openalex.org/W2132026986","https://openalex.org/W2143158307","https://openalex.org/W2145108814","https://openalex.org/W2148045290","https://openalex.org/W2152926413","https://openalex.org/W2157939923","https://openalex.org/W2161361693","https://openalex.org/W2162253476","https://openalex.org/W2165095705","https://openalex.org/W2165561688","https://openalex.org/W2168108030","https://openalex.org/W2170032093","https://openalex.org/W6633013131","https://openalex.org/W6646921185","https://openalex.org/W6674775138","https://openalex.org/W6675695589","https://openalex.org/W6675961540","https://openalex.org/W6681420447","https://openalex.org/W6683590607","https://openalex.org/W6684531988","https://openalex.org/W6684767655"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2130674020","https://openalex.org/W2093748878","https://openalex.org/W2333771223","https://openalex.org/W2120056845","https://openalex.org/W1981531423","https://openalex.org/W4394861761","https://openalex.org/W2035264131","https://openalex.org/W1679012645","https://openalex.org/W1925461966","https://openalex.org/W1568205884"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human":[0],"pose":[1,70],"estimation":[2,71],"is":[3,19,123],"the":[4,8,55,84,95,102,113,120,136,152,157],"task":[5,42],"of":[6,14,44,49,156,164],"determining":[7],"states":[9],"(location,":[10],"orientation":[11],"and":[12,53,116,119,140,143,154],"scale)":[13],"each":[15],"body":[16,117],"part.":[17],"It":[18],"important":[20],"for":[21],"many":[22],"vision":[23],"understanding":[24],"applications,":[25],"e.g.":[26],"visual":[27],"interactive":[28],"gaming,":[29],"immersive":[30],"virtual":[31],"reality,":[32],"content-based":[33],"image":[34,46,114],"retrieval,":[35],"etc.":[36],"However,":[37],"it":[38],"remains":[39],"a":[40,108,130,146],"challenging":[41],"because":[43],"unknown":[45],"background,":[47],"presence":[48],"clutter,":[50],"partial":[51,175],"occlusion":[52],"especially":[54],"high":[56],"dimensional":[57],"state":[58,105],"space":[59,106],"(usually":[60],"30+":[61],"dimensions).":[62],"In":[63],"this":[64,126],"paper,":[65],"we":[66,76,100],"contribute":[67],"to":[68,92,112],"human":[69,165],"in":[72,125,160],"two":[73,78],"aspects.":[74],"First,":[75],"design":[77],"efficient":[79,133],"Markov":[80,86],"Chain":[81,87],"dynamics":[82],"under":[83],"data-driven":[85],"Monte":[88],"Carlo":[89],"(DDMCMC)":[90],"framework":[91],"effectively":[93],"explore":[94],"complex":[96],"solution":[97],"space.":[98],"Second,":[99],"parse":[101],"tree":[103],"structure":[104],"into":[107],"lexicographic":[109],"order":[110],"according":[111],"observations":[115],"topology,":[118],"optimization":[121],"process":[122],"conducted":[124],"order.":[127],"This":[128],"realizes":[129],"much":[131],"more":[132],"exploration":[134],"than":[135],"sampling":[137],"based":[138],"search":[139],"exhaustive":[141],"search,":[142],"thus":[144],"achieves":[145],"tremendous":[147],"speed-up.":[148],"Experimental":[149],"results":[150],"demonstrate":[151],"efficiency":[153],"effectiveness":[155],"proposed":[158],"method":[159],"estimating":[161],"various":[162],"kinds":[163],"poses,":[166],"even":[167],"with":[168],"cluttered":[169],"background":[170],",":[171],"poor":[172],"illumination":[173],"or":[174],"self-occlusion.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}