{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4360996848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icct56141.2022.10073377","title":"GCD Optimization and Intelligent Management for Green Base Station with Battery Control","display_name":"GCD Optimization and Intelligent Management for Green Base Station with Battery Control","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4360996848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icct56141.2022.10073377"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icct56141.2022.10073377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icct56141.2022.10073377","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031997388","display_name":"Dong Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21642278","display_name":"Ningxia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j7b2v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dong Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100374368","display_name":"Bo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7888-7519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21642278","display_name":"Ningxia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j7b2v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100647899","display_name":"Yonghao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4924-2508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21642278","display_name":"Ningxia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j7b2v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yonghao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074862476","display_name":"Bo Ran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21642278","display_name":"Ningxia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j7b2v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Ran","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012649529","display_name":"Peng Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0205-1648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21642278","display_name":"Ningxia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j7b2v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011565473","display_name":"Xiao Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21642278","display_name":"Ningxia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j7b2v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012272475","display_name":"Kaibo Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21642278","display_name":"Ningxia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j7b2v61","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kaibo Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physics and Electronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University,Yinchuan,China,750021","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100317973","display_name":"Wei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5928-1220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132981","display_name":"Ningxia Water Conservancy","ror":"https://ror.org/02p2qrw13","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132981"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ningxia Electric Power Marketing Center (Metrology Center),Yinchuan,China,750021"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ningxia Electric Power Marketing Center (Metrology Center),Yinchuan,China,750021","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031997388"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21642278"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0915,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43419675,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"880","last_page":"885"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/battery","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","score":0.7741557955741882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.6278747320175171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.5867254137992859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5597909092903137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-management","display_name":"Energy management","score":0.49109697341918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-power","display_name":"Hybrid power","score":0.48700791597366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-of-charge","display_name":"State of charge","score":0.4844215214252472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.47348058223724365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.4730857014656067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.46708226203918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.4632073640823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.39751601219177246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.3840538561344147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.3786901831626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2987910509109497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.27366727590560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.1968832015991211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.18484309315681458}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555008776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267298","display_name":"Battery (electricity)","level":3,"score":0.7741557955741882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.6278747320175171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5867254137992859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5597909092903137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.49109697341918945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86155754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13636979","display_name":"Hybrid power","level":3,"score":0.48700791597366333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776582896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5368536","display_name":"State of charge","level":4,"score":0.4844215214252472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.47348058223724365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.4730857014656067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.46708226203918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.4632073640823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.39751601219177246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3840538561344147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3786901831626892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2987910509109497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.27366727590560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.1968832015991211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.18484309315681458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icct56141.2022.10073377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icct56141.2022.10073377","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2850898527","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61301145","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320997","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320997","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/02ddkpn78"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2986975783","https://openalex.org/W3013639278","https://openalex.org/W3015660074","https://openalex.org/W3089378248","https://openalex.org/W3163624076","https://openalex.org/W3215554746","https://openalex.org/W4206454375","https://openalex.org/W6795870257","https://openalex.org/W6806783845"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385360524","https://openalex.org/W2185691408","https://openalex.org/W2127778840","https://openalex.org/W2143605561","https://openalex.org/W2385612807","https://openalex.org/W3043658502","https://openalex.org/W3134429636","https://openalex.org/W1132073915","https://openalex.org/W3193749817","https://openalex.org/W2188895499"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,10,13,36,75,88,105,120,162,165],"development":[2],"of":[3,12,67,84,128,164],"6G":[4],"to":[5,62,103,118],"higher":[6],"frequency":[7],"bands":[8],"and":[9,21,80,114,152,168],"awareness":[11],"environmental":[14],"pollution":[15],"caused":[16],"by":[17],"carbon":[18,23],"emissions,":[19],"green":[20,68],"low":[22],"has":[24],"become":[25],"a":[26,38,64,96],"key":[27],"performance":[28],"indicator":[29],"(KPI)":[30],"for":[31,44],"mobile":[32],"communications.":[33],"To":[34],"meet":[35],"demand,":[37],"deep":[39,97],"reinforcement":[40],"learning":[41],"(DRL)":[42],"framework":[43],"hybrid":[45,57,89,131],"energy":[46,59,90,107,132,154],"supply":[47,91,134],"based":[48],"on":[49],"intelligent":[50,125],"battery":[51,81,115,145],"charge/discharge":[52],"management":[53,126],"is":[54,60,101,135],"proposed.":[55,136],"Firstly,":[56],"renewable-grid-batteries":[58],"designed":[61],"power":[63,133],"new":[65],"generation":[66],"base":[69,143],"stations":[70],"(BSs).":[71],"On":[72],"this":[73],"basis,":[74],"grid-connected":[76],"depth":[77],"(GCD)":[78],"model":[79,83],"charging/discharging":[82],"heterogeneous":[85],"BSs":[86],"under":[87,130],"mode":[92],"are":[93],"established.":[94],"Then,":[95],"Q-learning":[98],"(DQL)":[99],"algorithm":[100],"employed":[102],"learn":[104],"time-varying":[106],"harvesting":[108],"(EH)":[109],"information,":[110,113],"local":[111],"load":[112],"status":[116],"information":[117,151],"optimize":[119],"GCD.":[121,159],"In":[122],"addition,":[123],"an":[124],"strategy":[127],"GCD":[129],"Finally,":[137],"simulation":[138],"results":[139],"showcase":[140],"that":[141],"better":[142],"station(BS)":[144],"state":[146],"detection":[147],"without":[148],"predicting":[149],"causal":[150],"real-time":[153],"sharing":[155],"can":[156],"effectively":[157],"minimize":[158],"This":[160],"confirms":[161],"feasibility":[163],"proposed":[166],"scheme":[167],"strategy.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}