{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205236502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icct52962.2021.9658000","title":"Quantization Analysis of Cell-Free Massive MIMO Uplink Backhaul Based on Zero-Forcing","display_name":"Quantization Analysis of Cell-Free Massive MIMO Uplink Backhaul Based on Zero-Forcing","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205236502","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icct52962.2021.9658000"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icct52962.2021.9658000","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icct52962.2021.9658000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607878","display_name":"2021 IEEE 21st International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 21st International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100458581","display_name":"Guangyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3039-2101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guangyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication Engineering Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication Engineering Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100662695","display_name":"Yuanyuan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0839-0248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanyuan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication Engineering Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication Engineering Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085663886","display_name":"Mingxi Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4092-1483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingxi Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication Engineering Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication Engineering Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038421414","display_name":"Nan Sha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3928-4173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Sha","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication Engineering Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication Engineering Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100357567","display_name":"Xiaoyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7432-0101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163363","display_name":"PLA Army Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mgp8x93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication Engineering Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication Engineering Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100368105","display_name":"Na Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3801-274X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Communication Engineering, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Communication Engineering, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100458581"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163363"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.21213409,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"615","last_page":"620"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backhaul","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","score":0.6889533996582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6823474168777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6302472352981567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.5539445877075195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5012354850769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.34528034925460815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2918179929256439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.19494622945785522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1857886016368866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.16605931520462036}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103760667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798444","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","level":3,"score":0.6889533996582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6823474168777466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6302472352981567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5539445877075195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5012354850769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.34528034925460815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2918179929256439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.19494622945785522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1857886016368866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.16605931520462036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icct52962.2021.9658000","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icct52962.2021.9658000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607878","display_name":"2021 IEEE 21st International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 21st International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540562499","https://openalex.org/W1634005169","https://openalex.org/W1986681576","https://openalex.org/W2065784656","https://openalex.org/W2070887824","https://openalex.org/W2085113513","https://openalex.org/W2109808436","https://openalex.org/W2118590811","https://openalex.org/W2134916061","https://openalex.org/W2286275639","https://openalex.org/W2802123921","https://openalex.org/W2883151890","https://openalex.org/W2922989912","https://openalex.org/W2963116507","https://openalex.org/W2969445624","https://openalex.org/W2974046131","https://openalex.org/W2985994751","https://openalex.org/W6668050889"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765089333","https://openalex.org/W4297311468","https://openalex.org/W2963440157","https://openalex.org/W2898650565","https://openalex.org/W2548963335","https://openalex.org/W2964194703","https://openalex.org/W2159941915","https://openalex.org/W2883068039","https://openalex.org/W2297074413","https://openalex.org/W2915882743"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Considering":[0],"the":[1,8,12,28,39,60,66,76,86,90,101,125],"problem":[2],"of":[3,11,41,71,89],"limited":[4],"backhaul":[5,106],"capacity":[6],"in":[7],"uplink":[9],"phase":[10],"cell-free":[13],"massive":[14],"multiple-input":[15],"multiple-output":[16],"(MIMO)":[17],"system.":[18],"The":[19,97],"low-resolution":[20],"analog-to-digital":[21],"converter":[22],"(ADC)":[23],"is":[24,82,113,120],"used":[25],"to":[26,53,59,84,104],"quantize":[27],"received":[29,92],"signal":[30],"at":[31,95],"access":[32],"point":[33],"(AP).":[34],"This":[35],"paper":[36],"focuses":[37],"on":[38],"performance":[40,102],"two":[42],"quantization":[43,46,51,111,127],"schemes,":[44],"namely":[45],"estimation":[47,50],"(QE)":[48],"and":[49],"(EQ),":[52],"transmit":[54],"channel":[55],"state":[56],"information":[57],"(CSI)":[58],"central":[61],"processing":[62],"unit":[63],"(CPU)":[64],"under":[65,124],"zero-forcing":[67],"(ZF)":[68],"detection":[69],"method":[70],"joint":[72],"global":[73],"CSI.":[74],"And":[75,117],"additive":[77],"quantized":[78],"noise":[79],"model":[80],"(AQNM)":[81],"uesd":[83],"derive":[85],"approximate":[87],"expression":[88],"user's":[91],"signal-to-interference-noise":[93],"ratio(SINR)":[94],"CPU.":[96],"simulation":[98],"shows":[99],"that":[100],"similar":[103],"perfect":[105],"can":[107],"be":[108],"achieved":[109],"when":[110],"bit":[112],"greater":[114],"than":[115,122],"6.":[116],"EQ":[118],"scheme":[119],"better":[121],"QE":[123],"same":[126],"bit.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}