{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2998522130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icct46805.2019.8947187","title":"Quaternion-Based Particle Swarm Optimization to Improve Cellular IoT Network Coverage","display_name":"Quaternion-Based Particle Swarm Optimization to Improve Cellular IoT Network Coverage","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2998522130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icct46805.2019.8947187","mag":"2998522130"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icct46805.2019.8947187","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icct46805.2019.8947187","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 19th International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100604379","display_name":"Wei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1771-374X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Mobile Group Design Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Mobile Group Design Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102347540","display_name":"Han Yantao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yantao Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Mobile Communications Group Co.,Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Mobile Communications Group Co.,Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041465270","display_name":"Yunhui Qin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6655-9849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunhui Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010340533","display_name":"Wei Huangfu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2887-8395"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Huangfu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Convergence Networks and Ubiquitous Services, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047565637","display_name":"Yebing Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0907-0115"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yebing Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Mobile Group Design Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Mobile Group Design Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101091716","display_name":"Jiangbo Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangbo Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Mobile Group Design Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Mobile Group Design Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100604379"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.121,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50041341,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":null,"first_page":"330","last_page":"335"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.8929756283760071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quaternion","display_name":"Quaternion","score":0.7622143030166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.6910498142242432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6398125290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.6223217248916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swarm-behaviour","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","score":0.5513800382614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","score":0.48778945207595825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3073805570602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23284754157066345}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.8929756283760071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200127275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173853","display_name":"Quaternion","level":2,"score":0.7622143030166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6910498142242432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6398125290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.6223217248916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181335050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14915018","display_name":"Swarm behaviour","level":2,"score":0.5513800382614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122357587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934508","display_name":"Multi-swarm optimization","level":3,"score":0.48778945207595825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3073805570602417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23284754157066345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icct46805.2019.8947187","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icct46805.2019.8947187","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 19th International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"mag:3091325089","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=202002221718610855","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306512817","display_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987129039","https://openalex.org/W2039307190","https://openalex.org/W2128569883","https://openalex.org/W2145113795","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2168747298","https://openalex.org/W2527914898","https://openalex.org/W2602923095","https://openalex.org/W2804985843","https://openalex.org/W2887019724","https://openalex.org/W2888056532","https://openalex.org/W2899478246","https://openalex.org/W2904593893","https://openalex.org/W2954689790","https://openalex.org/W3100857292","https://openalex.org/W3101370421","https://openalex.org/W3179420158","https://openalex.org/W6682642761","https://openalex.org/W6751501272"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006324351","https://openalex.org/W2965421953","https://openalex.org/W2349895019","https://openalex.org/W2116074880","https://openalex.org/W2950423922","https://openalex.org/W2121780490","https://openalex.org/W2137136732","https://openalex.org/W2132113279","https://openalex.org/W2368795850","https://openalex.org/W2113224065"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cellular":[0],"IoT":[1],"networks":[2],"are":[3,17],"expected":[4],"to":[5],"enable":[6],"connecting":[7],"massive":[8],"smart":[9],"devices":[10],"reliably":[11],"while":[12],"fulfilling":[13],"diverse":[14],"requirements":[15],"and":[16,29,117],"facing":[18],"critical":[19],"challenge":[20],"for":[21,120,140],"optimizing":[22],"the":[23,27,30,36,69,72,76,80,84,89,92,98,104,110,113,118],"coverage":[24,115],"by":[25,79],"adjusting":[26],"azimuths":[28],"downtilts":[31],"of":[32,91,109,132,149],"antennas":[33],"installed":[34],"in":[35,47,107],"base":[37],"stations.":[38],"Particle":[39],"swarm":[40,133],"optimization":[41,52,144],"(PSO)":[42],"has":[43],"shown":[44],"outstanding":[45],"performance":[46],"solving":[48],"many":[49],"high-dimensional":[50],"parameter":[51],"problems.":[53],"We":[54],"proposed":[55,65,124],"an":[56],"improved":[57],"PSO":[58,106,125],"algorithms,":[59],"Q-PSO,":[60],"based":[61],"on":[62],"quaternion.":[63],"The":[64,123],"Q-PSO":[66,99],"method":[67,100],"changes":[68],"manner":[70],"that":[71,97],"particles":[73],"move":[74],"towards":[75],"best":[77],"candidate":[78],"quaternion":[81],"operations,":[82],"increasing":[83],"convergence":[85,111],"speed,":[86],"thereby":[87],"improving":[88],"efficiency":[90,119],"algorithm.":[93],"Simulation":[94],"results":[95],"show":[96],"significantly":[101],"edges":[102],"out":[103],"standard":[105],"terms":[108],"rate,":[112],"optimized":[114],"ratio":[116],"most":[121],"cases.":[122],"methods":[126],"not":[127],"only":[128],"deepen":[129],"our":[130],"understanding":[131],"intelligence":[134],"but":[135],"also":[136],"provide":[137],"some":[138],"guidelines":[139],"addressing":[141],"other":[142],"network":[143],"problem":[145],"with":[146],"huge":[147],"number":[148],"configuration":[150],"parameters.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
