{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4297097416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccst52959.2022.9896484","title":"Game theory analysis of incentive distribution for prompt generation of the proof tree in zk-SNARK based sidechains","display_name":"Game theory analysis of incentive distribution for prompt generation of the proof tree in zk-SNARK based sidechains","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4297097416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccst52959.2022.9896484"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccst52959.2022.9896484","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccst52959.2022.9896484","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053654959","display_name":"Yuri Bespalov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0503-953X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155719","display_name":"Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/05q1wf970","country_code":"UA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149851306","https://openalex.org/I4210155719"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuri Bespalov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics,Kiev,Ukraine","Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, Ukraine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics,Kiev,Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155719"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155719"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034337895","display_name":"Lyudmila Kovalchuk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2874-7950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114954","display_name":"Institut Input","ror":"https://ror.org/023d46310","country_code":"DE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114954"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lyudmila Kovalchuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Input Output,Kyiv,Ukraine","Input Output, Kyiv, Ukraine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Input Output,Kyiv,Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Input Output, Kyiv, Ukraine","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081533105","display_name":"Hanna Nelasa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3708-0089"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168036236","display_name":"National University Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic","ror":"https://ror.org/03aph1990","country_code":"UA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168036236"]}],"countries":["UA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanna Nelasa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic National University,Zaporizhzhia,Ukraine","Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic National University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic National University,Zaporizhzhia,Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168036236"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zaporizhzhia Polytechnic National University, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168036236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064862686","display_name":"Roman Oliynykov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3494-0493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114954","display_name":"Institut Input","ror":"https://ror.org/023d46310","country_code":"DE","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114954"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roman Oliynykov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Input Output,Kyiv,Ukraine","Input Output, Kyiv, Ukraine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Input Output,Kyiv,Ukraine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114954"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Input Output, Kyiv, Ukraine","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058951633","display_name":"Alberto Garoffolo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6531-0616"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Garoffolo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Horizen,Milan,Italy","Horizen, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Horizen,Milan,Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Horizen, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3187,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63275445,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"2923","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11182","display_name":"Auction Theory and Applications","score":0.9573000073432922,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9290000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-proof","display_name":"Mathematical proof","score":0.8344958424568176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.6146076917648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.57093745470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.516867458820343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.47407522797584534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-tree","display_name":"Binary tree","score":0.43315190076828003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.4239703416824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.41452085971832275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.37945789098739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.35300490260124207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.33586740493774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.3291878402233124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2722293436527252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.10087963938713074}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108710211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11538","display_name":"Mathematical proof","level":2,"score":0.8344958424568176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.6146076917648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.57093745470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.516867458820343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.47407522797584534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197855036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380172","display_name":"Binary tree","level":2,"score":0.43315190076828003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.4239703416824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.41452085971832275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.37945789098739624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.35300490260124207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.33586740493774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.3291878402233124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2722293436527252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.10087963938713074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccst52959.2022.9896484","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccst52959.2022.9896484","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W133343140","https://openalex.org/W851575271","https://openalex.org/W1424543055","https://openalex.org/W1486587973","https://openalex.org/W2079808805","https://openalex.org/W2182035090","https://openalex.org/W2795222609","https://openalex.org/W2801336319","https://openalex.org/W3127476229","https://openalex.org/W3198898916","https://openalex.org/W3217233646","https://openalex.org/W4289377964","https://openalex.org/W6685985903","https://openalex.org/W6751134929","https://openalex.org/W6757344056","https://openalex.org/W6764638651","https://openalex.org/W6801543293"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2963744284","https://openalex.org/W2357738827","https://openalex.org/W3036401461","https://openalex.org/W3114148850","https://openalex.org/W2056711770","https://openalex.org/W4311616219","https://openalex.org/W1530060568","https://openalex.org/W4287647396","https://openalex.org/W3110101717","https://openalex.org/W3090291499"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,39],"sidechains":[1,57,82],"with":[2,100],"Latus":[3],"consensus,":[4],"a":[5,9,20,79,93],"block":[6,10,63],"forger":[7],"generates":[8],"using":[11],"SNARK-proofs,":[12],"created":[13],"by":[14],"decentralized":[15],"provers":[16,85],"and":[17,61,75],"organized":[18],"in":[19,52],"perfect":[21],"binary":[22],"tree":[23],"(proof":[24],"tree).":[25],"One":[26],"of":[27,81,97],"the":[28,42,110],"most":[29],"important":[30],"questions":[31],"is":[32],"to":[33,48,58,91,105],"assign":[34],"incentives":[35],"for":[36,55,109],"these":[37],"proofs.":[38],"this":[40],"paper,":[41],"game":[43],"theory":[44],"instruments":[45],"are":[46,68],"used":[47],"investigate":[49],"incentive":[50],"distribution":[51],"proof":[53],"trees":[54],"SNARK-based":[56],"provide":[59],"stable":[60],"efficient":[62,108],"generation.":[64],"Two":[65],"different":[66],"models":[67],"considered:":[69],"when":[70,76],"only":[71],"one":[72],"sidechain":[73],"exists,":[74],"there":[77],"exist":[78],"lot":[80],"among":[83],"which":[84],"may":[86],"switch":[87],"any":[88],"time,":[89],"trying":[90],"get":[92],"higher":[94],"incentive.":[95],"Utilization":[96],"Stirling":[98],"numbers":[99],"non-integer":[101],"arguments":[102],"turns":[103],"out":[104],"be":[106],"very":[107],"second":[111],"model.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
