{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2539443442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icch.2012.6724482","title":"An examination of TNM staging of melanoma by a machine learning algorithm","display_name":"An examination of TNM staging of melanoma by a machine learning algorithm","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2539443442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icch.2012.6724482","mag":"2539443442"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icch.2012.6724482","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icch.2012.6724482","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 International Conference on Computerized Healthcare (ICCH)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072757057","display_name":"Dengyuan Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dengyuan Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078410464","display_name":"Charles Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8673-0327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148314036","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015077092","display_name":"Stephen T.C. Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9188-6502"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148314036","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017614396","display_name":"Jon H. Meyerle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1568-9387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148314036","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon Meyerle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103242401","display_name":"Bowu Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193531525","display_name":"George Washington University","ror":"https://ror.org/00y4zzh67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bowu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193531525"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050077196","display_name":"Dechang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5787-3441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148314036","display_name":"Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04r3kq386","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dechang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148314036"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.30625759,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"181","issue":null,"first_page":"120","last_page":"126"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10392","display_name":"Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10392","display_name":"Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11533","display_name":"Melanoma and MAPK Pathways","score":0.9465000033378601,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/melanoma","display_name":"Melanoma","score":0.6431493759155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnm-staging-system","display_name":"TNM staging system","score":0.625706136226654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stage","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","score":0.5811424255371094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.5395507216453552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.5156420469284058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.4712821841239929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oncology","display_name":"Oncology","score":0.44691264629364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4452885389328003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lymph-node","display_name":"Lymph node","score":0.4411815404891968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42385342717170715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42231106758117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.4185653328895569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39801520109176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.3082358241081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/staging-system","display_name":"Staging system","score":0.2729164958000183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer-research","display_name":"Cancer research","score":0.09751003980636597}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777658100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180614","display_name":"Melanoma","level":2,"score":0.6431493759155273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776808855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q668115","display_name":"TNM staging system","level":4,"score":0.625706136226654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5811424255371094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.5395507216453552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5156420469284058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.4712821841239929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.44691264629364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4452885389328003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780849966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170758","display_name":"Lymph node","level":2,"score":0.4411815404891968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42385342717170715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42231106758117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.4185653328895569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39801520109176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3082358241081238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993415550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1752284","display_name":"Staging system","level":3,"score":0.2729164958000183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.09751003980636597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icch.2012.6724482","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icch.2012.6724482","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 International Conference on Computerized Healthcare (ICCH)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W129007473","https://openalex.org/W1554944419","https://openalex.org/W1979300931","https://openalex.org/W2052183173","https://openalex.org/W2104873924","https://openalex.org/W2131365547","https://openalex.org/W2318967312","https://openalex.org/W2999729612","https://openalex.org/W4214512856","https://openalex.org/W4293241248","https://openalex.org/W6605303982","https://openalex.org/W6679561781"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991879524","https://openalex.org/W2171435634","https://openalex.org/W2066581032","https://openalex.org/W2079364398","https://openalex.org/W2079772486","https://openalex.org/W4248678482","https://openalex.org/W2124622370","https://openalex.org/W2468522164","https://openalex.org/W4220823109","https://openalex.org/W3129818825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"estimation":[1,17,164],"of":[2,44,56,63,65,117,165],"mortality":[3],"in":[4],"patients":[5,80],"with":[6,81,146],"cancer":[7],"is":[8,21,73],"important":[9],"when":[10],"discussing":[11],"prognosis":[12,166],"and":[13,37,131,149,167],"selecting":[14],"treatment.":[15],"Survival":[16],"for":[18],"many":[19],"cancers":[20],"based":[22],"on":[23],"Tumor-Node-Metastasis":[24],"(TNM)":[25],"staging":[26,43,48,116,148],"systems":[27],"that":[28,78,139],"involve":[29],"three":[30],"factors:":[31],"tumor":[32],"extent,":[33],"lymph":[34],"node":[35],"involvement,":[36],"metastasis.":[38],"The":[39,60],"most":[40],"recent":[41],"clinical":[42],"melanoma":[45,118,122],"uses":[46],"TNM":[47],"but":[49],"does":[50],"not":[51],"include":[52],"a":[53,74,121,152,161],"growing":[54],"number":[55],"other":[57,156],"prognostic":[58,83,98,157],"features.":[59],"Ensemble":[61],"Algorithm":[62],"Clustering":[64],"Cancer":[66,127],"Data":[67],"(EACCD)":[68],"by":[69,119],"Chen":[70],"et":[71],"al.":[72],"machine":[75],"learning":[76],"algorithm":[77,91,142],"regroups":[79],"different":[82],"factors":[84,99,158],"according":[85],"to":[86,95,100,111,154,159],"the":[87,93,113,125,140],"survival":[88],"dissimilarity.":[89],"This":[90],"has":[92],"potential":[94],"integrate":[96],"emerging":[97],"more":[101,162],"accurately":[102],"stage":[103],"melanoma.":[104],"In":[105],"this":[106],"study,":[107],"we":[108],"use":[109],"EACCD":[110,141],"examine":[112],"current":[114],"AJCC":[115,147],"analyzing":[120],"dataset":[123],"from":[124],"National":[126],"Centers":[128],"Surveillance,":[129],"Epidemiology,":[130],"End":[132],"Rresults":[133],"(SEER)":[134],"database.":[135],"Our":[136],"results":[137,144],"demonstrates":[138],"generates":[143],"in-line":[145],"may":[150],"provide":[151],"mechanism":[153],"incorporate":[155],"produce":[160],"nuanced":[163],"survival.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}