{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408861143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce63647.2025.10929831","title":"Low-Power High-Accuracy Time Synchronization Using PPI for Bluetooth-Based IoT Systems","display_name":"Low-Power High-Accuracy Time Synchronization Using PPI for Bluetooth-Based IoT Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408861143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce63647.2025.10929831"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icce63647.2025.10929831","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce63647.2025.10929831","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054420531","display_name":"Ryotaro Ohara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8428-9461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65837984","display_name":"Kobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ryotaro Ohara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University,Kobe,Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University,Kobe,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078377315","display_name":"Shintaro Izumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8336-2220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65837984","display_name":"Kobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shintaro Izumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University,Kobe,Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University,Kobe,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093212841","display_name":"Shoya Imanaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9856-7462"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65837984","display_name":"Kobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shoya Imanaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University,Kobe,Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University,Kobe,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109766534","display_name":"Tetsuo Yamamura","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65837984","display_name":"Kobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tetsuo Yamamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University,Kobe,Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University,Kobe,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029776159","display_name":"Ishii Toru","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2197-2944"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65837984","display_name":"Kobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toru Ishii","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kobe University,Kobe,Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kobe University,Kobe,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052940529","display_name":"Hiroshi Kawaguchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8677-4733"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65837984","display_name":"Kobe University","ror":"https://ror.org/03tgsfw79","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroshi Kawaguchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University,Kobe,Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University,Kobe,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054420531"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65837984"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05226902,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.8395150899887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7885720729827881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-synchronization","display_name":"Time synchronization","score":0.758550763130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.7004961967468262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.6020343899726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth-low-energy","display_name":"Bluetooth Low Energy","score":0.5269578099250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4871213436126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4818069338798523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.39168882369995117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.30069082975387573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.21980491280555725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12600886821746826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.8395150899887085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7885720729827881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986737936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Time synchronization","level":2,"score":0.758550763130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.7004961967468262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.6020343899726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776418194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638779","display_name":"Bluetooth Low Energy","level":4,"score":0.5269578099250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4871213436126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4818069338798523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.39168882369995117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.30069082975387573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.21980491280555725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12600886821746826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icce63647.2025.10929831","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce63647.2025.10929831","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1457864621","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPMJPF2115","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334789","funder_display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334789","display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006427429","https://openalex.org/W2038194220","https://openalex.org/W3203748009","https://openalex.org/W4285032097","https://openalex.org/W4311218042","https://openalex.org/W4386562109","https://openalex.org/W4387568429","https://openalex.org/W4387934890","https://openalex.org/W4388447578","https://openalex.org/W4392248500","https://openalex.org/W4401725866"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2026217228","https://openalex.org/W2460679371","https://openalex.org/W1566557084","https://openalex.org/W1981475037","https://openalex.org/W3102458462","https://openalex.org/W2956056877","https://openalex.org/W2058711580","https://openalex.org/W2911404179","https://openalex.org/W2885105415","https://openalex.org/W2572635530"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,21],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"a":[5,45,71,79,86,94],"low-power,":[6],"high-accuracy":[7],"time":[8,72],"synchronization":[9,73,98,115],"system":[10,22],"for":[11,35,124],"Bluetooth-based":[12,125],"communication.":[13],"Building":[14],"upon":[15],"our":[16],"previous":[17],"research":[18],"on":[19],"MicroSync,":[20],"achieves":[23,70],"high":[24,114,134],"precision":[25],"by":[26,63],"utilizing":[27],"the":[28,56,67,110],"programmable":[29],"peripheral":[30],"interconnect":[31],"(PPI)":[32],"of":[33,75,82,89],"nRF52840":[34],"communication":[36],"timing":[37],"detection":[38],"and":[39,133],"hybrid":[40],"timer":[41],"synchronization.":[42],"PPI":[43],"is":[44],"hardware":[46],"feature":[47],"that":[48,128],"enables":[49],"peripherals":[50],"to":[51,101],"directly":[52],"cooperate":[53],"without":[54,103],"involving":[55],"CPU,":[57],"thereby":[58],"eliminating":[59],"unstable":[60],"delays":[61],"caused":[62],"interrupt-based":[64],"implementations.":[65],"Hence,":[66],"proposed":[68,111],"method":[69,112],"accuracy":[74,99,116],"107.6":[76],"ns":[77,84],"with":[78],"standard":[80],"deviation":[81],"122.7":[83],"at":[85],"power":[87,105,132],"consumption":[88],"244.1":[90],"\u03bcW.":[91],"This":[92],"represents":[93],"60.5%":[95],"improvement":[96],"in":[97],"compared":[100],"MicroSync":[102],"increasing":[104],"consumption.":[106],"By":[107],"leveraging":[108],"PPI,":[109],"demonstrates":[113],"while":[117],"maintaining":[118],"energy":[119],"efficiency,":[120],"making":[121],"it":[122],"suitable":[123],"IoT":[126],"systems":[127],"require":[129],"both":[130],"low":[131],"precision.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}