{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408861313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce63647.2025.10929818","title":"Flexible NTT/iNTT Accelerator Based on Montgomery Reduction","display_name":"Flexible NTT/iNTT Accelerator Based on Montgomery Reduction","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408861313","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce63647.2025.10929818"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icce63647.2025.10929818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce63647.2025.10929818","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039518060","display_name":"Jinyeol Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4706-0121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118373667","display_name":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00chfja07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyeol Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University of Science and Technology,Department of Electronic Engineering,Seoul,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology,Department of Electronic Engineering,Seoul,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034174286","display_name":"Jinyoung Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1069-2454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118373667","display_name":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00chfja07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinyoung Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University of Science and Technology,Department of Electronic Engineering,Seoul,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology,Department of Electronic Engineering,Seoul,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060344741","display_name":"Seongmo An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1823-3162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118373667","display_name":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00chfja07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seongmo An","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University of Science and Technology,Department of Electronic Engineering,Seoul,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology,Department of Electronic Engineering,Seoul,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chaebin Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118373667","display_name":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00chfja07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaebin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University of Science and Technology,Department of Electronic Engineering,Seoul,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology,Department of Electronic Engineering,Seoul,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112531677","display_name":"Dayoung Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118373667","display_name":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00chfja07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dayoung Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University of Science and Technology,Department of Electronic Engineering,Seoul,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology,Department of Electronic Engineering,Seoul,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100754416","display_name":"Seung Eun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3817-4383"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118373667","display_name":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00chfja07","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seung Eun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University of Science and Technology,Department of Electronic Engineering,Seoul,Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University of Science and Technology,Department of Electronic Engineering,Seoul,Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118373667"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04047646,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.6325960755348206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5643702149391174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09605595469474792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6325960755348206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5643702149391174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09605595469474792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icce63647.2025.10929818","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce63647.2025.10929818","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2107953479","https://openalex.org/W2606882085","https://openalex.org/W2768174108","https://openalex.org/W3005730048","https://openalex.org/W3084652823","https://openalex.org/W3207326900","https://openalex.org/W4312706139"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,8],"importance":[2],"of":[3,10,116],"data":[4],"grows,":[5],"so":[6],"does":[7],"significance":[9],"homomorphic":[11],"encryption(HE),":[12],"which":[13,46],"enables":[14],"direct":[15],"computations":[16],"on":[17,87],"encrypted":[18],"data.":[19],"However,":[20],"HE":[21,51,131],"presents":[22],"a":[23,39,73,88],"major":[24],"challenge,":[25],"with":[26],"computational":[27],"overhead":[28],"increasing":[29],"compared":[30,120],"to":[31,54,69,84,96,121],"plaintext":[32],"operations.":[33],"To":[34],"address":[35],"this,":[36],"we":[37],"developed":[38],"hardware":[40],"accelerator":[41,58,92,111],"for":[42],"NTT":[43,80],"and":[44,52,65,81],"iNTT,":[45],"are":[47],"commonly":[48],"used":[49],"in":[50,126,130],"contribute":[53],"this":[55],"overhead.":[56],"The":[57,91,109],"implements":[59],"modular":[60],"arithmetic":[61],"using":[62],"Montgomery":[63],"reduction,":[64],"pipelining":[66],"is":[67,76,93],"applied":[68],"improve":[70],"throughput.":[71],"Additionally,":[72],"mode-switching":[74],"feature":[75],"introduced,":[77],"allowing":[78],"both":[79],"iNTT":[82],"operations":[83],"be":[85],"performed":[86],"single":[89],"circuit.":[90],"also":[94],"designed":[95],"operate":[97],"flexibly":[98],"across":[99],"various":[100],"cryptographic":[101],"strength":[102],"parameters":[103],"(":[104],"<tex":[105],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[106],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$\\boldsymbol{N}$</tex>":[107],"-values).":[108],"proposed":[110],"achieved":[112],"an":[113],"average":[114],"speedup":[115],"approximately":[117],"4.24":[118],"times":[119],"software,":[122],"demonstrating":[123],"its":[124],"effectiveness":[125],"reducing":[127],"computation":[128],"time":[129],"systems.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-19T19:40:27.379048","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
