{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321192562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce56470.2023.10043394","title":"Comparison of heuristic approaches to PCI planning for Quantum Computers","display_name":"Comparison of heuristic approaches to PCI planning for Quantum Computers","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321192562","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce56470.2023.10043394"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icce56470.2023.10043394","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce56470.2023.10043394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607959","display_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109263265","display_name":"Giuseppe Barillaro","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128445","display_name":"Torino e-district","ror":"https://ror.org/03cxxc369","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128445"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Barillaro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Service Innovation, TIM S.p.A.,Torino,Italy","Service Innovation, TIM S.p.A., Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Service Innovation, TIM S.p.A.,Torino,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128445"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Service Innovation, TIM S.p.A., Torino, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058739318","display_name":"Andrea Boella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7496-1367"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128445","display_name":"Torino e-district","ror":"https://ror.org/03cxxc369","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128445"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Boella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Service Innovation, TIM S.p.A.,Torino,Italy","Service Innovation, TIM S.p.A., Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Service Innovation, TIM S.p.A.,Torino,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128445"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Service Innovation, TIM S.p.A., Torino, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004195042","display_name":"Filippo Gandino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5581-1159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Filippo Gandino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Torino,DAUIN,Torino,Italy","DAUIN, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Torino,DAUIN,Torino,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DAUIN, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022441246","display_name":"Mohammad Ghazi Vakili","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-4975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Ghazi Vakili","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto,Canada","University of Toronto, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064110332","display_name":"Edoardo Giusto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8371-6685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edoardo Giusto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Torino,DAUIN,Torino,Italy","DAUIN, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Torino,DAUIN,Torino,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DAUIN, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027065615","display_name":"Giovanni Mondo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0546-1866"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Mondo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Strategy & Business Development, TIM S.p.A.,Torino,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Strategy & Business Development, TIM S.p.A.,Torino,Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001650952","display_name":"Bartolomeo Montrucchio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0065-8614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177477856","display_name":"Polytechnic University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/00bgk9508","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bartolomeo Montrucchio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Politecnico di Torino,DAUIN,Torino,Italy","DAUIN, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Politecnico di Torino,DAUIN,Torino,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DAUIN, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177477856"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060209411","display_name":"A. Scarabosio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7372-6975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155299","display_name":"LINKS Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/059r3nh67","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Scarabosio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation,Torino,Italy","Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation,Torino,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000554129","display_name":"Alberto Scionti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8138-9403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155299","display_name":"LINKS Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/059r3nh67","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Scionti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation,Torino,Italy","Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation,Torino,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090105160","display_name":"Olivier Terzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8482-2607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155299","display_name":"LINKS Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/059r3nh67","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olivier Terzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation,Torino,Italy","Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation,Torino,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046534838","display_name":"Giacomo Vitali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3056-796X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155299","display_name":"LINKS Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/059r3nh67","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giacomo Vitali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation,Torino,Italy","Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation, Torino, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation,Torino,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Computing and Applications, LINKS Foundation, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155299"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109263265"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128445"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.679,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64147994,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7514159679412842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-annealing","display_name":"Quantum annealing","score":0.646091103553772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.6053709983825684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computer","display_name":"Quantum computer","score":0.5877007246017456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qubit","display_name":"Qubit","score":0.5722590088844299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadratic-unconstrained-binary-optimization","display_name":"Quadratic unconstrained binary optimization","score":0.5535863637924194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decomposition","display_name":"Decomposition","score":0.46280401945114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4514807164669037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-algorithm","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","score":0.42296499013900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4202280044555664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4184432327747345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.4164160490036011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.3569270074367523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.34297245740890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.33245009183883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1756102740764618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13085874915122986}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7514159679412842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90408235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938141","display_name":"Quantum annealing","level":4,"score":0.646091103553772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.6053709983825684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.5877007246017456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203087015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378201","display_name":"Qubit","level":3,"score":0.5722590088844299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177179195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268372","display_name":"Quadratic unconstrained binary optimization","level":4,"score":0.5535863637924194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.46280401945114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4514807164669037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.42296499013900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4202280044555664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4184432327747345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.4164160490036011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.3569270074367523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.34297245740890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33245009183883667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1756102740764618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13085874915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icce56470.2023.10043394","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce56470.2023.10043394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607959","display_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589641296","https://openalex.org/W1965218064","https://openalex.org/W1965618732","https://openalex.org/W1970660096","https://openalex.org/W1983624953","https://openalex.org/W2039122980","https://openalex.org/W2092901091","https://openalex.org/W2117838819","https://openalex.org/W2466176183","https://openalex.org/W2598553564","https://openalex.org/W2904443332","https://openalex.org/W2990475267"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4380986281","https://openalex.org/W2917807404","https://openalex.org/W4316012214","https://openalex.org/W4388555437","https://openalex.org/W2893961859","https://openalex.org/W4389168364","https://openalex.org/W4287027624","https://openalex.org/W4224943954","https://openalex.org/W3193244174","https://openalex.org/W4286585841"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantum":[0],"Computing":[1],"(QC)":[2],"provides":[3],"the":[4,24,70,137,151,154,162,185,194,223,228,231],"possibility":[5],"to":[6,10,23,44,68,144,149,213],"develop":[7],"new":[8],"approaches":[9,208],"tackle":[11],"complex":[12],"problems.":[13],"Real-world":[14],"applications,":[15],"however,":[16],"cannot":[17],"yet":[18],"be":[19,92,210],"managed":[20],"directly":[21],"due":[22],"limitation":[25],"of":[26,47,153,174,179,191,193,222],"present":[27],"and":[28,38,102,159],"near-future":[29],"noisy":[30],"intermediate-scale":[31],"quantum":[32,120],"(NISQ)":[33],"computers.":[34,235],"Decomposition":[35],"into":[36],"smaller":[37],"manageable":[39],"subproblems":[40],"is":[41,167],"often":[42],"needed":[43],"take":[45],"advantage":[46],"QC":[48,85],"even":[49],"when":[50],"using":[51],"hybrid":[52],"(classical-quantum)":[53],"solvers":[54,56],"or":[55,219],"that":[57,204],"already":[58],"apply":[59],"decomposition":[60,66,131],"techniques.":[61],"In":[62],"this":[63],"paper,":[64],"heuristic":[65],"algorithms":[67,186],"solve":[69],"Physical":[71],"Cell":[72],"Identifier":[73],"(PCI)":[74],"problem":[75,90,98,138],"in":[76,80,106],"4G":[77],"cellular":[78,189],"networks":[79,190],"a":[81,95,107,114,119,168],"way":[82,229],"suitable":[83],"for":[84,117,230],"are":[86],"presented.":[87],"The":[88,133,165,201],"PCI":[89],"can":[91,209],"viewed":[93],"as":[94],"map":[96],"coloring":[97],"with":[99,129,217],"additional":[100],"constraints":[101],"has":[103],"been":[104],"represented":[105],"Quadratic":[108],"Unconstrained":[109],"Binary":[110],"Optimization":[111],"(QUBO)":[112],"model,":[113],"form":[115],"that,":[116],"instance,":[118],"annealing":[121],"machine":[122],"could":[123],"crunch.":[124],"We":[125,183],"propose":[126],"two":[127],"strategies,":[128],"variable":[130],"granularity.":[132],"first":[134],"one":[135,147,192],"solves":[136],"recursively":[139],"through":[140],"bisection":[141],"(max-cut":[142],"problem),":[143],"use":[145,232],"only":[146],"qubit":[148,163,181],"represent":[150],"status":[152],"objects,":[155],"avoiding":[156],"one-hot":[157],"encoding":[158],"thus":[160],"minimizing":[161],"requirement.":[164],"second":[166],"multi-step":[169],"approach,":[170],"finally":[171],"solving":[172],"sets":[173],"randomized":[175],"modified":[176],"max-k-cut":[177],"problems":[178,216],"customizable":[180],"size.":[182],"executed":[184],"on":[187,233],"real":[188],"main":[195],"Italian":[196],"national":[197],"telecom":[198],"operators":[199],"(TIM).":[200],"results":[202],"show":[203],"all":[205],"proposed":[206],"QUBO":[207],"effectively":[211],"applied":[212],"very":[214],"large":[215],"similar":[218],"better":[220],"performance":[221],"reference":[224],"classical":[225],"algorithm,":[226],"paving":[227],"NISQ":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-24T23:09:58.560324","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}