{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200632653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce53296.2022.9730398","title":"Smart Metering System Capable of Anomaly Detection by Bi-directional LSTM Autoencoder","display_name":"Smart Metering System Capable of Anomaly Detection by Bi-directional LSTM Autoencoder","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200632653","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce53296.2022.9730398"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icce53296.2022.9730398","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce53296.2022.9730398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608007","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037786080","display_name":"Sangkeum Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6918-124X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sangkeum Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environment ICT Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI),Daejeon,South Korea,34141"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environment ICT Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI),Daejeon,South Korea,34141","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001570778","display_name":"Hojun Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3751-4983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hojun Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cho Chun Shik Graduate School of Green Transportation, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST),Daejeon,South Korea,34141"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cho Chun Shik Graduate School of Green Transportation, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST),Daejeon,South Korea,34141","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031850812","display_name":"Sarvar Hussain Nengroo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9651-9282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarvar Hussain Nengroo","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cho Chun Shik Graduate School of Green Transportation, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST),Daejeon,South Korea,34141"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cho Chun Shik Graduate School of Green Transportation, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST),Daejeon,South Korea,34141","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022036011","display_name":"Yoonmee Doh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1679-0331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoonmee Doh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environment ICT Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI),Daejeon,South Korea,34141"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environment ICT Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI),Daejeon,South Korea,34141","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081197694","display_name":"Chungho Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4351-7747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chungho Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environment ICT Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI),Daejeon,South Korea,34141"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environment ICT Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI),Daejeon,South Korea,34141","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020403419","display_name":"Taewook Heo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2515-6664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142401562","display_name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03ysstz10","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142401562","https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taewook Heo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environment ICT Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI),Daejeon,South Korea,34141"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environment ICT Research Section, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI),Daejeon,South Korea,34141","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005393869","display_name":"Dongsoo Har","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6949-1739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongsoo Har","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Cho Chun Shik Graduate School of Green Transportation, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST),Daejeon,South Korea,34141"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Cho Chun Shik Graduate School of Green Transportation, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST),Daejeon,South Korea,34141","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037786080"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142401562"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.6847,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98697611,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13429","display_name":"Electricity Theft Detection Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13429","display_name":"Electricity Theft Detection Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metering-mode","display_name":"Metering mode","score":0.8917801380157471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.8676174283027649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly-detection","display_name":"Anomaly detection","score":0.8450121879577637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.631026029586792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.579854428768158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.5684347748756409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5007836818695068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anomaly","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","score":0.44558513164520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.43264102935791016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.36489248275756836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.33213862776756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3273773789405823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.2773821949958801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2244826853275299}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30905978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815598","display_name":"Metering mode","level":2,"score":0.8917801380157471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.8676174283027649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C739882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560506","display_name":"Anomaly detection","level":2,"score":0.8450121879577637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.631026029586792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.579854428768158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.5684347748756409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5007836818695068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44558513164520264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.43264102935791016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36489248275756836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33213862776756287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3273773789405823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2773821949958801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2244826853275299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icce53296.2022.9730398","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce53296.2022.9730398","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608007","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5080751969","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20192010107290","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321681","display_name":"Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/008nkqk13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335199","display_name":"Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/02zq38y32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W591993527","https://openalex.org/W1563445796","https://openalex.org/W1990751728","https://openalex.org/W2037842506","https://openalex.org/W2049058890","https://openalex.org/W2070663212","https://openalex.org/W2131774270","https://openalex.org/W2136660731","https://openalex.org/W2149846722","https://openalex.org/W2165970106","https://openalex.org/W2246071452","https://openalex.org/W2394164044","https://openalex.org/W2551147339","https://openalex.org/W2569110579","https://openalex.org/W2780476542","https://openalex.org/W2885999345","https://openalex.org/W2898461917","https://openalex.org/W2910849319","https://openalex.org/W2921665857","https://openalex.org/W2947697862","https://openalex.org/W2970341933","https://openalex.org/W3005548505","https://openalex.org/W3048795010","https://openalex.org/W3095752837","https://openalex.org/W3197442563","https://openalex.org/W3203065226","https://openalex.org/W4246020459","https://openalex.org/W4297814361","https://openalex.org/W6684715720","https://openalex.org/W6720514713","https://openalex.org/W6784991164","https://openalex.org/W7011768521"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3186512740","https://openalex.org/W2499612753","https://openalex.org/W3017266184","https://openalex.org/W2918377632","https://openalex.org/W3194885736","https://openalex.org/W3202913553","https://openalex.org/W3046391934","https://openalex.org/W4363671829","https://openalex.org/W3111802945","https://openalex.org/W2946096271"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Anomaly":[0,106],"detection":[1,48,107],"is":[2,29,70,114],"concerned":[3],"with":[4,85,116],"a":[5,30],"wide":[6],"range":[7],"of":[8,39,124],"applications":[9],"such":[10],"as":[11,95],"fault":[12],"detection,":[13],"system":[14,28],"monitoring,":[15],"and":[16,37,72,89],"event":[17],"detection.":[18],"Identifying":[19],"anomalies":[20,96],"from":[21,25,99,130],"metering":[22,27,57,118],"data":[23,76,102,119],"obtained":[24],"smart":[26,56],"critical":[31],"task":[32],"to":[33,50,92,121],"enhance":[34],"reliability,":[35],"stability,":[36],"efficiency":[38],"the":[40,55,60,74,80,86,90,100,111,117],"power":[41],"system.":[42,58],"This":[43],"paper":[44],"presents":[45],"an":[46],"anomaly":[47],"process":[49],"find":[51],"outliers":[52,91],"observed":[53],"in":[54],"In":[59],"proposed":[61],"approach,":[62],"bi-directional":[63],"long":[64],"short-term":[65],"memory":[66],"(BiLSTM)":[67],"based":[68,109],"autoencoder":[69,84,113],"used":[71],"finds":[73],"anomalous":[75],"point.":[77],"It":[78],"calculates":[79],"reconstruction":[81],"error":[82],"through":[83],"non-anomalous":[87,101],"data,":[88],"be":[93],"classified":[94],"are":[97],"separated":[98],"by":[103],"predefined":[104],"threshold.":[105],"method":[108],"on":[110],"BiLSTM":[112],"tested":[115],"corresponding":[120],"4":[122],"types":[123],"energy":[125],"sources":[126],"electricity/water/heating/hot":[127],"water":[128],"collected":[129],"985":[131],"households.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-29T08:15:47.926485","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
