{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921072294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce.2019.8662107","title":"Proof of Phone: A Low-cost Blockchain Platform","display_name":"Proof of Phone: A Low-cost Blockchain Platform","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921072294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce.2019.8662107","mag":"2921072294"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/icce.2019.8662107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce.2019.8662107","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100610524","display_name":"Jae Min Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9397-7130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jae Min Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["S.LSI, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong-si, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"S.LSI, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong-si, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100330932","display_name":"Jae\u2010Won Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2528-1905"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jae Won Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["S.LSI, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong-si, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"S.LSI, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong-si, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085535998","display_name":"Kyungsoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3266-6179"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyungsoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["S.LSI, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong-si, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"S.LSI, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong-si, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Junho Huh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junho Huh","raw_affiliation_strings":["S.LSI, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong-si, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"S.LSI, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong-si, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.878,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72216718,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9884999990463257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.9858200550079346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6725736856460571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phone","display_name":"Phone","score":0.6532766222953796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consensus-algorithm","display_name":"Consensus algorithm","score":0.6010846495628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-of-concept","display_name":"Proof of concept","score":0.5658344030380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obstacle","display_name":"Obstacle","score":0.5535460710525513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4222777783870697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3823898434638977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.23289808630943298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12734344601631165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.9858200550079346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6725736856460571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.6532766222953796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983222225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2994424","display_name":"Consensus algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6010846495628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124978682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201019","display_name":"Proof of concept","level":2,"score":0.5658344030380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776650193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264661","display_name":"Obstacle","level":2,"score":0.5535460710525513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4222777783870697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3823898434638977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.23289808630943298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12734344601631165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/icce.2019.8662107","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/icce.2019.8662107","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017990047","https://openalex.org/W2567666263","https://openalex.org/W3103085478","https://openalex.org/W3151748982","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W6793285265"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W4386732777","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W3098545956","https://openalex.org/W4312378530","https://openalex.org/W4322731906","https://openalex.org/W3103085478","https://openalex.org/W2919005336","https://openalex.org/W3176149214"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Blockchain":[0],"which":[1,52,86],"enables":[2],"decentralization":[3],"of":[4,16,68,84,116],"data":[5],"based":[6,80],"on":[7,81],"various":[8,124],"consensus":[9],"mechanisms":[10],"is":[11,53,59],"considered":[12],"the":[13,17,56,65,88],"leading":[14],"technology":[15],"next":[18],"generation.":[19],"Numerous":[20],"applications":[21,126],"are":[22],"being":[23],"proposed":[24,104],"to":[25,43,64,100,111,114,129],"benefit":[26],"from":[27,127],"its":[28],"immunity":[29],"against":[30],"modification":[31],"and":[32],"manipulation.":[33],"However,":[34],"not":[35],"many":[36],"appears":[37],"as":[38,61],"a":[39,76],"successful":[40],"business":[41],"up":[42,110],"now,":[44],"except":[45],"for":[46,55],"crypto":[47],"currencies.":[48],"High":[49],"operation":[50],"cost":[51,90,108],"essential":[54],"conventional":[57,117],"consensus,":[58],"acting":[60],"an":[62],"obstacle":[63],"wide":[66],"adoption":[67],"blockchain":[69,78,125],"applications.":[70],"In":[71],"this":[72],"paper,":[73],"we":[74],"introduce":[75],"novel":[77],"platform":[79,105,121],"PoP":[82],"(Proof":[83],"Phone),":[85],"lowers":[87],"operating":[89],"by":[91,109],"imposing":[92],"high":[93],"entry":[94],"cost.":[95],"We":[96],"conduct":[97],"theoretical":[98],"analysis":[99],"show":[101],"that":[102,115],"our":[103],"reduces":[106],"total":[107],"98.2%":[112],"compared":[113],"blockchain.":[118],"Our":[119],"new":[120],"will":[122],"turn":[123],"theory":[128],"practice.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}