{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2197267935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccd.2015.7357151","title":"M-MAP: Multi-factor memory authentication for secure embedded processors","display_name":"M-MAP: Multi-factor memory authentication for secure embedded processors","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2197267935","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccd.2015.7357151","mag":"2197267935"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccd.2015.7357151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccd.2015.7357151","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 33rd IEEE International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007498151","display_name":"Syed Kamran Haider","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7568-3262"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syed Kamran Haider","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023088436","display_name":"Masab Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7786-3558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masab Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043491254","display_name":"Farrukh Hijaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9767-2847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farrukh Hijaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041430693","display_name":"Astha Patni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Astha Patni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090396818","display_name":"Ethan Johnson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155173764","display_name":"Rochester Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00v4yb702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ethan Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155173764"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012117878","display_name":"Matthew Seita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7991-2704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181598100","display_name":"Grove City College","ror":"https://ror.org/01755xe07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181598100"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Seita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electr. &amp; Comput. Eng., Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA","Grove City College, Grove City, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electr. &amp; Comput. Eng., Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Grove City College, Grove City, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181598100"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048129220","display_name":"Omer Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6293-7403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omer Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075756968","display_name":"Marten van Dijk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9388-8050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marten van Dijk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8903,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83314093,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"471","last_page":"474"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8285892009735107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-protection","display_name":"Memory protection","score":0.7255715131759644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6692081689834595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-safety","display_name":"Memory safety","score":0.6159669160842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.6004992723464966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.4936293363571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-management","display_name":"Memory management","score":0.4484824240207672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-integrity","display_name":"Data integrity","score":0.4225688576698303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.34653395414352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2806352376937866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-memory","display_name":"Virtual memory","score":0.259369432926178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.23332059383392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.20575574040412903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semiconductor-memory","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","score":0.09969359636306763}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8285892009735107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18131444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163585","display_name":"Memory protection","level":5,"score":0.7255715131759644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6692081689834595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28180684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4080983","display_name":"Memory safety","level":3,"score":0.6159669160842896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.6004992723464966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.4936293363571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176649486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2308807","display_name":"Memory management","level":3,"score":0.4484824240207672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33762810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461671","display_name":"Data integrity","level":2,"score":0.4225688576698303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.34653395414352417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2806352376937866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76399640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189401","display_name":"Virtual memory","level":4,"score":0.259369432926178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.23332059383392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.20575574040412903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98986596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143031","display_name":"Semiconductor memory","level":2,"score":0.09969359636306763}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccd.2015.7357151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccd.2015.7357151","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 33rd IEEE International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1686420892","https://openalex.org/W1990552748","https://openalex.org/W2012114780","https://openalex.org/W2036853599","https://openalex.org/W2080285432","https://openalex.org/W2100666033","https://openalex.org/W2140972824","https://openalex.org/W2155851497","https://openalex.org/W2158763360","https://openalex.org/W2161522487","https://openalex.org/W2165266180","https://openalex.org/W2165961102","https://openalex.org/W2171482413","https://openalex.org/W2197267935","https://openalex.org/W3151891900","https://openalex.org/W4232751114","https://openalex.org/W4238851087","https://openalex.org/W4244889001","https://openalex.org/W6793727345"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2484072889","https://openalex.org/W3101333446","https://openalex.org/W4312036113","https://openalex.org/W2368477821","https://openalex.org/W1584308544","https://openalex.org/W2952063469","https://openalex.org/W3151891900","https://openalex.org/W2069613115","https://openalex.org/W2047240985","https://openalex.org/W3164345301"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"challenges":[1],"faced":[2],"in":[3,17,43,88],"securing":[4],"embedded":[5,54],"computing":[6],"systems":[7],"against":[8,30],"multifaceted":[9],"memory":[10,21,68,72,81,102,133],"safety":[11,22,134],"vulnerabilities":[12],"have":[13],"prompted":[14],"great":[15],"interest":[16],"the":[18],"development":[19],"of":[20,34,79,126],"countermeasures.":[23],"These":[24],"countermeasures":[25],"either":[26],"provide":[27,46],"protection":[28],"only":[29,136],"their":[31],"corresponding":[32],"type":[33],"vulnerabilities,":[35],"or":[36],"incur":[37],"substantial":[38],"architectural":[39],"modifications":[40,116],"and":[41,84,105,117,147],"overheads":[42],"order":[44],"to":[45,110],"complete":[47,71,132],"safety,":[48],"which":[49],"makes":[50],"them":[51],"infeasible":[52],"for":[53,70],"systems.":[55],"In":[56],"this":[57],"paper,":[58],"we":[59,96],"propose":[60],"M-MAP:":[61],"a":[62,89,112,127],"comprehensive":[63,90],"system":[64],"based":[65,101,107],"on":[66,93,124,140],"multi-factor":[67],"authentication":[69],"safety.":[73],"We":[74,119],"examine":[75],"certain":[76],"crucial":[77],"implications":[78],"composing":[80],"integrity":[82,103],"verification":[83,104],"bounds":[85,108],"checking":[86,109],"schemes":[87],"system.":[91],"Based":[92],"these":[94],"implications,":[95],"implement":[97],"M-MAP":[98,122],"with":[99,135],"hardware":[100,115,145],"software":[106],"achieve":[111],"balance":[113],"between":[114],"performance.":[118],"demonstrate":[120],"that":[121],"implemented":[123],"top":[125],"lightweight":[128],"out-of-order":[129],"processor":[130],"delivers":[131],"32%":[137],"performance":[138],"overhead":[139],"average,":[141],"while":[142],"incurring":[143],"minimal":[144],"modifications,":[146],"area":[148],"overhead.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
